Epigenetics and Brain Plasticity: Can We Rewrite the Neurological Code? Introduction More than half of children are estimated to experience at least one form of early-life stress, contributing to 30–40% of all mood, drug, and psychiatric disorders. Neural plasticity, a remarkable characteristic of
Anemia of Chronic Disease: Unravelling New Pathways Beyond Iron
Anemia of Chronic Disease: Unravelling New Pathways Beyond Iron Abstract Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) represents the second most common form of anemia worldwide, affecting millions of patients with underlying inflammatory conditions. Traditionally understood as a disorder primarily involving disruption of iron metabolism, recent
Hidden Crisis: Why Sarcopenia Treatment Matters More Than You Think in 2025
Hidden Crisis: Why Sarcopenia Treatment Matters More Than You Think in 2025 Introduction Sarcopenia treatment represents a critical healthcare priority as the prevalence of this age-related muscle wasting condition reaches alarming levels. The economic burden of sarcopenia in the United States was approximately
Is Type 2 Diabetes Reversible? New Research Challenges Medical Consensus
Is Type 2 Diabetes Reversible? New Research Challenges Medical Consensus Introduction The concept of type 2 diabetes reversibility represents a profound shift in the understanding and management of a condition long regarded as chronic and progressive. Diabetes remains a major global health burden, with prevalence
Long COVID and the Brain: Decoding Post-Viral Neuroinflammation
Long COVID and the Brain: Decoding Post-Viral Neuroinflammation Abstract Long COVID has emerged as a significant and evolving global health challenge, affecting millions of individuals following acute infection with SARS-CoV-2. While respiratory and systemic symptoms were initially the primary focus of clinical attention, it has
The Internist’s Role in the Longevity Movement: Separating Science from Pseudoscience
The Internist’s Role in the Longevity Movement Separating Science from Pseudoscience Abstract The longevity movement has gained considerable traction in recent years, driven by advances in molecular biology, increased public interest in healthy aging, and widespread media coverage of anti-aging interventions. Promises of extended lifespan
The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Neurological Disorders
The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Neurological Disorders Abstract The gut microbiome has emerged as a central component in the evolving understanding of neurological health and disease. Advances in molecular biology, metagenomics, and neuroimmunology have revealed that the intestinal microbial ecosystem plays a significant role
The Tirzepatide Revolution: Is Dual Agonism the End of Single-Pathway Therapy?
The Tirzepatide Revolution: Is Dual Agonism the End of Single-Pathway Therapy? Abstract The development of tirzepatide, a first in class dual glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonist, represents a potentially transformative advance in the management of type 2 diabetes and obesity. By simultaneously targeting
Why Tau Antibody Trials Failed in Alzheimer’s: New Evidence Reveals Critical Gaps
Why Tau Antibody Trials Failed in Alzheimer’s New Evidence Reveals Critical Gaps Introduction Tau directed antibody therapies represent one of the most scientifically compelling yet clinically challenging areas in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder whose prevalence doubles approximately
Emerging and Approved Therapeutic Peptides: Mechanisms, Clinical Uses
Emerging and Approved Therapeutic Peptides: Mechanisms, Clinical Uses, Safety Profiles, and Regulatory Status Across Health Conditions Abstract Therapeutic peptides represent a rapidly growing class of pharmaceutical agents that bridge the gap between small molecule drugs and large protein therapeutics. This paper examines the
