GLOBALRPH MUSICATLASClassical 300
A curated collection of 300 classical works and cycles: symphonies, concertos, keyboard music, opera, chamber and choral music. Explore composers, background and listening guides.
Programmatic symphonyClassical
Ludwig van BeethovenComposition: 1807-1808
Beethoven's Pastoral Symphony follows five connected ideas about a visit to the countryside: arrival, a brook, a gathering, a storm, and thanksgiving. He described its purpose in terms of feelings rather than exhaustive imitation....
SymphonyClassical
Ludwig van BeethovenComposition: 1811-1812
Rhythm gives Beethoven's Seventh Symphony an unusually persistent sense of motion. After an expansive introduction, the first movement settles into a distinctive dotted pattern. The Allegretto supplies a quieter but equally purposeful...
SymphonyClassical
Ludwig van BeethovenComposition: 1812
Beethoven's Eighth compresses its argument into four relatively concise movements filled with rhythmic surprises. The second movement is lightly mechanical rather than a broad slow movement, and a minuet looks back to an older dance...
Choral symphonyClassical
Ludwig van BeethovenComposition: 1822-1824
Beethoven expands the symphony by bringing vocal soloists and chorus into its finale. The last movement sets passages from Friedrich Schiller's poem on joy and human fellowship, after recalling and challenging earlier instrumental...
Violin concertoClassical
Ludwig van BeethovenPremiere: 1806
Quiet timpani strokes introduce a concerto whose spacious orchestral argument gives the violin room for long, singing lines. Beethoven often asks the soloist to embellish or illuminate ideas already heard in the ensemble. The central...
Violin sonataClassical
Ludwig van BeethovenComposition: 1803
Beethoven wrote this unusually expansive sonata for a performance with George Bridgetower, whose playing helped shape its first appearance. The later dedication names Rodolphe Kreutzer. A slow introduction opens into urgent music in...
Symphony with solo violaRomantic
Hector BerliozComposition: 1834
Berlioz's Harold in Italy places a recurring viola theme within four orchestral scenes. Paganini had asked for a work featuring his viola, but Berlioz made the soloist more of an observer than a continuously dominant virtuoso. Byron's...
Program symphonyRomantic
Hector BerliozComposition: 1830 (first version)
Berlioz organized this five-movement symphony around a written story of an artist's obsession and increasingly disturbing visions. A recurring melody represents the beloved and changes character with each situation. Ballroom music, a...
Concertante symphony20th century
Leonard BernsteinComposition: 1947-1949
Bernstein responded to W. H. Auden's long poem by creating a symphony with a major part for solo piano. Its two broad parts contain several linked sections, including variations, a dirge and the rhythmically active Masque. The piano...
SymphonyRomantic
Franz BerwaldComposition: 1845
Berwald completed Sinfonie Singuliere in 1845, but it did not receive its first performance until 1905. The three-movement design has an unusual centre: a scherzo is inserted inside the Adagio, after which the slow music returns. This...
OperaRomantic
Georges BizetPremiere: 1875
Carmen centers on a woman determined to choose her own life and on Don Jose's increasingly destructive jealousy. Bizet's score places memorable solo numbers within a tightly connected drama of work, public celebration, smuggling, and...
SymphonyRomantic
Georges BizetComposition: 1855
Bizet wrote the Symphony in C as a seventeen-year-old student at the Paris Conservatoire. It was neither published nor performed during his lifetime, and its modern concert history began in 1935. The four-movement score includes a...
Symphony20th century
Arthur BlissComposition: 1922
Bliss organized A Colour Symphony into four movements named Purple, Red, Blue and Green, drawing on the symbolic associations of heraldic colours. Written for the Three Choirs Festival, the work uses orchestral colour and contrasting...
Symphony / overtureClassical
Luigi BoccheriniComposition: Circa 1790
Boccherini's D-major work is also described as an overture in surviving score sources. Three connected sections follow a fast-slow-fast plan, bringing the work close to the Italian sinfonia tradition. Its orchestration includes divided...
SymphonyRomantic
Alexander BorodinComposition: 1862-1867
Borodin worked on his First Symphony while pursuing his scientific career and developing his craft with encouragement from Balakirev. Its four movements contrast a rhythmically active opening and light scherzo with a broad slow...
SymphonyRomantic
Alexander BorodinComposition: 1869-1876
Borodin's Second Symphony opens with a compact, heavily accented theme that frames the first movement. Its contrasting passages favor broad melody, while the scherzo introduces a very different rhythmic energy. A prominent horn line...
SymphonyRomantic
Alexander BorodinComposition: 1886-1887
Borodin left his Third Symphony unfinished at his death. The two movements normally performed were prepared and orchestrated by Alexander Glazunov from the surviving material and his knowledge of the composer's intentions. They preserve...
Dance collectionRomantic
Johannes BrahmsPublication: 1869 and 1880 (publication groups)
Brahms's Hungarian Dances began as piano-duet arrangements shaped by the performance traditions he encountered through violinist Ede Remenyi. They alternate flexible, slower gestures with more animated dance rhythms. The twenty-one...
Piano concertoRomantic
Johannes BrahmsComposition: 1878-1881
Brahms's Second Piano Concerto expands the usual three-movement concerto into four substantial movements. A horn call invites an early piano response, while the added scherzo contributes exceptional weight to the design. In the slow...
SymphonyRomantic
Johannes BrahmsComposition: 1876 (completion)
Brahms took many years to complete his First Symphony. Its opening introduces insistent timpani beneath lines moving in opposite directions, establishing a dense and concentrated musical argument. The finale begins in darkness before...
SymphonyRomantic
Johannes BrahmsComposition: 1877
Brahms wrote his Second Symphony during a summer stay at Portschach in 1877. Its opening bass figure supplies material that recurs in different forms across the first movement. The four movements allow lyrical passages and darker...
SymphonyRomantic
Johannes BrahmsComposition: 1883
Brahms's Third Symphony begins with a compact rising figure whose notes and harmonic tensions help bind the work together. Its four movements include a restrained slow movement and a lyrical third movement in place of a forceful...
SymphonyRomantic
Johannes BrahmsPremiere: 1885
Brahms's final symphony develops concentrated musical ideas on a large scale. Falling intervals help generate the opening movement, while the finale builds a succession of variations over a recurring harmonic and bass framework. That...
Violin concertoRomantic
Johannes BrahmsComposition: 1878
Brahms wrote his Violin Concerto in close contact with Joseph Joachim, who advised on the solo part and supplied a frequently used cadenza. Its broad first movement places the violin within a symphonic argument rather than an...
Choral symphony20th century
Havergal BrianComposition: 1919-1927
Havergal Brian's Gothic Symphony has six movements arranged in two large parts. The first is instrumental; the second sets the Te Deum with soloists and extensive choral forces. Its unusually large performing requirements are part of a...