GLOBALRPH MUSICATLASClassical 300
A curated collection of 300 classical works and cycles: symphonies, concertos, keyboard music, opera, chamber and choral music. Explore composers, background and listening guides.
Symphony20th century
Jean SibeliusComposition: 1915 original; revisions in 1916 and 1919
Sibelius reworked his Fifth extensively, eventually combining earlier material into the familiar three-movement design. The finale's broad horn theme is connected with the swans he described in his diary. Rapid string motion and...
SymphonyLate Romantic / 20th century
Jean SibeliusComposition: 1923
Sibelius's Sixth is often labeled D minor, but much of its distinctive harmony draws on the Dorian mode. The four-movement work uses relatively transparent textures and frequent exchanges between strings and winds. Its final pages...
Symphony in one movement20th century
Jean SibeliusComposition: 1924 (completion)
Sibelius compresses a symphony's contrasting functions into one continuous movement. Tempos and textures change gradually or turn sharply, while a broad trombone theme acts as a recurring landmark. Rather than dividing into four...
Violin concerto20th century
Jean SibeliusComposition: 1903-1904 original version; revised 1905
Sibelius combines an intensely demanding violin part with a strongly individual orchestral setting. The soloist enters over a quiet string texture, and an extended cadenza carries structural weight within the first movement. The slow...
Symphony20th century
Valentin SilvestrovComposition: 1980-1982
Silvestrov's Fifth Symphony unfolds as one large movement. It belongs to the period in which his music increasingly revisited the melodic language of earlier Romantic music through distant recollection and changing resonance. The...
SymphonyEarly Classical
Johann StamitzPublication: Published 1758 (composition date not established)
This E-flat symphony by Johann Stamitz circulated in the Paris collection La Melodia Germanica. Its Op.11 designation belongs to the publisher's series rather than a consecutive opus list created by Stamitz. The collection helped...
SymphonyLate Romantic / 20th century
Wilhelm StenhammarComposition: 1915
Stenhammar dedicated his Second Symphony to the musicians of the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra and conducted its premiere there in 1915. Four movements progress through an energetic opening, an Andante, a scherzo and a finale beginning...
WaltzRomantic
Johann Strauss IIPremiere: 1867
The Blue Danube began as a waltz for male chorus and orchestra for the Vienna Men's Choral Society. Its familiar orchestral form brings together an introduction, a sequence of contrasting waltzes, and an extended closing section. Johann...
Tone poemRomantic
Richard StraussComposition: 1896
Strauss's tone poem begins with a sunrise gesture but continues through a much larger sequence of contrasting musical episodes. Titles drawn from Nietzsche's book suggest philosophical questions rather than a straightforward plot. The...
Programmatic orchestral work20th century
Richard StraussPremiere: 1915
Strauss's Alpine Symphony follows a mountain journey across twenty-two connected sections, from night and sunrise through ascent, summit, storm, and return to darkness. Despite the title, its design is a continuous sequence of...
Symphony20th century
Igor StravinskyComposition: 1938-1940
Stravinsky began this symphony in France and completed it after moving to the United States. Its four movements adopt familiar symphonic outlines while reshaping their rhythms, phrase lengths and instrumental balances. The work belongs...
Symphony20th century
Igor StravinskyComposition: 1942-1945
Stravinsky assembled this wartime symphony from materials with different origins, including music connected with an unrealized film project. Piano is prominent in the outer movements, while harp has a distinctive role in the quieter...
Choral symphony20th century
Igor StravinskyComposition: 1930; revised 1948
Stravinsky's Symphony of Psalms places the chorus within an unusual orchestra that omits violins and violas while adding two pianos. Three connected movements set Latin psalm texts through austere chordal writing, counterpoint, and...
Ballet20th century
Igor StravinskyPremiere: 1910
The Firebird established Stravinsky's close connection with Diaghilev's Ballets Russes. Its Russian fairy-tale scenario follows Prince Ivan, the magical Firebird, and the defeat of the threatening Kastchei. The score combines brilliant...
Ballet20th century
Igor StravinskyPremiere: 1913
The Rite of Spring was conceived as a ballet about imagined ancient rites culminating in a sacrificial dance. Stravinsky developed the scenario with Nicholas Roerich, and the original production was choreographed by Vaslav Nijinsky. Its...
Symphony20th century
Josef SukComposition: 1905-1906
Suk began Asrael as a memorial to his teacher and father-in-law Antonin Dvorak. The death of Suk's wife Otylka during its composition changed its emotional and structural course. Five movements form two larger parts, moving through...
Choral symphony20th century
Karol SzymanowskiComposition: 1914-1916
Szymanowski's Third Symphony sets poetry by Rumi in a Polish translation by Tadeusz Micinski. Tenor, chorus and a large orchestra create a continuous vocal and instrumental design rather than a conventional succession of independent...
Concertante symphony20th century
Karol SzymanowskiComposition: 1932
Szymanowski's Fourth places a solo piano within a three-movement symphonic design. It was dedicated to Artur Rubinstein, although the composer himself introduced it as pianist. The piano alternates between solo prominence and...
Concert overtureRomantic
Pyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyComposition: 1880
The 1812 Overture commemorates Russia's resistance to Napoleon's invasion through a staged confrontation of musical materials. A hymn-like opening gives way to battle music, recognizable national associations, bells, and a celebratory...
SymphonyRomantic
Pyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyComposition: 1885
Tchaikovsky built this four-movement symphony around Byron's dramatic poem Manfred, using a programme proposed by Mily Balakirev. Its scenes move from the solitary protagonist in the Alps to a mountain fairy, pastoral life and an...
Piano concertoRomantic
Pyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyPremiere: 1875
Tchaikovsky's First Piano Concerto opens with broad orchestral melody and massive accompanying piano chords, an introduction that is distinct from the main argument that follows. After a discouraging response from Nikolai Rubinstein,...
BalletRomantic
Pyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyPremiere: 1877 (first staging)
Swan Lake was Tchaikovsky's first full-length ballet commission. Its score connects the human world of Prince Siegfried with the enchanted world of Odette and the swans through recurring orchestral ideas and contrasting dances. The...
SymphonyRomantic
Pyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyComposition: 1866
Tchaikovsky's First Symphony bears descriptive headings for its opening two movements, linking the work with winter journeys and a misty landscape. A scherzo and a finale using a Russian folk melody complete the four-movement design....
SymphonyRomantic
Pyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyComposition: 1877-1878
Tchaikovsky's Fourth opens with a brass idea he described to Nadezhda von Meck as a representation of fate. Its recurrence interrupts the first movement and returns in the finale. Between them, an oboe-led slow movement and a scherzo...
SymphonyRomantic
Pyotr Ilyich TchaikovskyComposition: 1888
Tchaikovsky's Fifth carries an opening motto through all four movements, changing its pace, orchestration, and character. A prominent horn melody shapes the slow movement, and a waltz takes the place of a conventional scherzo. The...