J – K – L

Lab (Specimen)

Conventional Units

SI Units
17-Ketogenic steroids (urine)
top of page 		Male:  5 - 23 mg/day
Female: 3 - 15 mg/day		 Male:  17 - 80 µmol/day
Female: 10 - 52 µmol/day
Lactate dehydrogenase LDH (serum) isoenzymes

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 LD-1: 14-30% of total
LD-2: 29-48% of total
LD-3: 16-25% of total
LD-4: 8-12% of total
LD-5: 6-20% of total		  
Lactate Dehydrogenase, Total:

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 0 up to 30 days: 200-465 U/L
1-17 months: 200-450 U/L
18 mo-10 yr: 165-430 U/L
11-16 years: 127-287 U/L
> 17 yrs: 105-230 U/L

Alt: > 17yr: </= 270 U/L

 Alt: > 17yr: </= 4.5 µkat/L
Lactic acid (plasma (venous))
top of page 		9 - 16 mg/dL 1.0 - 1.8 mmol/L
Lead (blood)

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 < 25 µg/dL < 1.21 µmol/L
Lipase (serum)
top of page		 7 - 60 U/L 0.12 - 1.00 µkat/L
Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (serum)

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 Desirable: < 130 mg/dL
Borderline-high: 130 -159mg/dL
High: >/= 160 mg/dL		 Desirable: < 3.36 mmol/L
Borderline-high:
        3.36 - 4.11 mmol/L
High: >/= 4.14 mmol/L
Luteinizing hormone (LH) serum

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Age  Male
(IU/L) 		 Female
(IU/L) 
0-23 mo  0.5-1.9  0.0-0.5 
2-10 y  0.0-0.5  0.0-0.5 
11-20 y  0.5-5.3  0.5-9.0 
20-70 y  1.5-9.3  0.0-76.3 
70-100 y  3.1-34.6  5.0-52.3 
    Follicular: 2.4 - 12.6
    Midcycle: 14 - 95.6 
    Luteal: 1.0 - 11.4 
    Pregnant: 0.0-1.5 
    Postmenopausal: 7.7 - 58.5 
    Contraceptives: 0.7-5.6 
Tanner Stage 
I  0.0-1.0 IU/L 0.0-9.3 IU/L
II  0.0-3.6 IU/L 0.0-16.0 IU/L
III  0.2-6.4 IU/L 0.0-23.0 IU/L
IV & V  0.9-8.3 IU/L  0.0-19.1 IU/L
Lymphocyte surface markers (T cell)  Blood

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Components Age:
0-11 mo		 Age:
12-23mo		 Age:
> 2 yr
% CD4  (Helper T-cells)
Absolute CD4		 38-62%
1580-4850		 31-54%
1020-3600		 32-62%
381-1469
% CD45RA (Naive helper T-cells)
Absolute CD45RA		 15-70%
200-3400		 15-70%
200-3400		 3-38%
44-869
% CD45RO
(Memory helper T-cells)
Absolute CD45RO		 5-30%
50-1500		 5-30%
50-1500		 16-46%
92-1040
% CD8 (Suppressor T-cells)
Absolute CD8		 16-34%
680-2470		 16-38%
570-2230		 12-45%
196-1060
CD4: CD8 ratio 1.17-6.62 1.17-6.62 0.80-5.00
% CD3 (Total T-cells)
Absolute CD3		 58-85%
2170-6500		 53-81%
1460-5440		 58-87%
684-2170
% CD19 (B-cells)
Absolute CD19		 11-45%
430-3300		 11-45%
430-3300		 5-23%
116-613
% NK-cells
Absolute NK-cells		 3-19%
80-340		 3-19%
80-340		 4-27%
76-570
  Age  95% CI 
Percentage (min/max) Cells/mm3 (min/max)
Minimum  Minimum 
CD3  Neonates  28 - 76 600 -5000
  1 wk - 2 mo  60 - 85 2300 -7000
  2-5 mo  48 -75 2300 -6500
  5-9 mo  50 -77 2400 -6900
  9-15 mo  54 -76 1600 -6700
  15-24 mo  39 -73 1400 -8000
  2-5 y  43 -76 900 -4500
  5-10 y  55 -78 700 -4200
  10-16 y  52 -78 800 -3500
  Adults  58 -86 622 -2402
CD3+CD4+  Neonates  17 -52 400 -3500
  1 wk - 2 mo  41 -68 1700 -5300
  2-5 mo  33 -58 1500 -5000
  5-9 mo  33 -58 1400 -5100
  9-15 mo  31 -54 1000 -4600
  15-24 mo  25 -50 900 -5500
  2-5 y  23 -48 500 -2400
  5-10 y  27 -53 300 -2000
  10-16 y  25 -48 400 -2100
  Adults  31 -59 359 -1519
CD3+CD8+  Neonates  10 -41 200 -1900
  1 wk - 2 mo  9 -23 400 -1700
  2-5 mo  11 -25 500 -1600
  5-9 mo  13 -26 600 -2200
  9-15 mo  12 -28 400 -2100
  15-24 mo  11 -32 400 -2300
  2-5 y  14 -33 300 -1600
  5-10 y  19 -34 300 -1800
  10-16 y  9 -35 200 -1200
  Adults  12 -36 109 -897
T4:T8 ratio  Adults  0.92 -3.72  
CD19+  Neonates  5 -22 40 -1100
  1 wk - 2 mo  4 -26 600 -1900
  2-5 mo  14 -39 600 -3000
  5-9 mo  13 -35 700 -2500
  9-15 mo  15 -39 600 -2700
  15-24 mo  17 -41 600 -3100
  2-5 y  14 -44 200 -2100
  5-10 y  10 -31 200 -1600
  10-16 y  8 -24 200 -600
  Adults  3 -25 12 -645
CD3-CD56+  Neonates  6 -58 100 -1900
  1 wk - 2 mo  3 -23 200 -1400
  2-5 mo  2 -14 100 -1300
  5-9 mo  2 -13 100 -1000
  9-15 mo  3 -17 200 -1200
  15-24 mo  3 -16 100 -1400
  2-5 y  4 -23 100 -1000
  5-10 y  4 -26 90 -900
  10-16 y  6 -27 70 -1200
  Adults  1 -19 24 -406
Pediatric reference intervals are from Comans-Bitter WM, et al, “Immunophenotyping of Blood Lymphocytes in Childhood,” J Pediatrics, 1997, 130:388-93

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