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Trilipix (fenofibric acid) is a lipid regulating agent available as delayed release capsules for oral administration. Each delayed release capsule contains choline fenofibrate, equivalent to 45 mg or 135 mg of fenofibric acid. The chemical name for choline fenofibrate is ethanaminium, 2hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl, 2-{4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy] -2-methylpropanoate (1:1) with the following structural formula:
 |
The empirical formula is C22H28ClNO5 and the molecular weight is 421.91. Choline fenofibrate is freely soluble in water. The melting point is approximately 210°C. Choline fenofibrate is a white to yellow powder, which is stable under ordinary conditions.
Each delayed release capsule contains enteric coated mini-tablets comprised of choline fenofibrate and the following inactive ingredients: hypromellose, povidone, water, hydroxypropyl cellulose, colloidal silicon dioxide, sodium stearyl fumarate, methacrylic acid copolymer, talc, triethyl citrate. The capsule shell of the 45 mg capsule contains the following inactive ingredients: gelatin, titanium dioxide, yellow iron oxide, black iron oxide, and red iron oxide. The capsule shell of the 135 mg capsule contains the following inactive ingredients: gelatin, titanium dioxide, yellow iron oxide, and FD&C Blue #2.
The following serious adverse reactions are described below and elsewhere in the labeling:
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.
The safety of Trilipix has been established in adults with hypertriglyceridemia or primary hyperlipidemia based on adequate and well-controlled trials of other formulations of fenofibrate, referenced below as “fenofibrate” [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Dosages of fenofibrate used in these trials were comparable to Trilipix 135 mg per day [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Adverse reactions reported by 2% or more of patients treated with fenofibrate (and greater than placebo) during the double-blind, placebo-controlled trials are listed in Table 1. Adverse reactions led to discontinuation of treatment in 5% of patients treated with fenofibrate and in 3% treated with placebo. Increases in liver function tests were the most frequent events, causing discontinuation of fenofibrate treatment in 1.6% of patients in double-blind trials.
Table 1: Adverse Reactions Reported by 2% or More of Patients Treated with Fenofibrate and Greater than Placebo During the Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials
|
Adverse Reaction |
Placebo (N =365) |
Fenofibrate (N = 439) |
|
Abnormal Liver Tests |
1% |
8% |
|
Abdominal Pain |
4% |
5% |
|
Increased ALT |
2% |
3% |
|
Increased AST |
1% |
3% |
|
Increased Creatine Phosphokinase |
1% |
3% |
|
Constipation |
1% |
2% |
|
Rhinitis |
1% |
2% |
Urticaria
Urticaria was seen in 1.1% vs. 0%, and rash in 1.4% vs. 0.8% of fenofibrate and placebo patients respectively in controlled trials.
Increases in Liver Enzymes
In a pooled analysis of three 12-week, double-blind, controlled studies of Trilipix, increases in ALT and AST > 3 times the upper limit of normal on two consecutive occasions occurred in 1.9% and 0.2%, respectively, of patients receiving Trilipix 135 mg daily and placebo, without other lipid-altering drugs.
In a pooled analysis of 10 placebo-controlled trials, increases to > 3 times the upper limit of normal in ALT occurred in 5.3% of patients taking either an intermediate or maximum recommended daily dosage of fenofibrate versus 1.1% of patients treated with placebo. In an 8- week trial, the incidence of ALT or AST elevations ≥ 3 times the upper limit of normal was 13% in patients receiving an intermediate daily dosage or the maximum recommended daily dosage of fenofibrate and was 0% in those receiving the lowest recommended daily dosage of fenofibrate or placebo [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Clinical trials with Trilipix did not include a placebo-control arm. However, the adverse reaction profile of Trilipix was generally consistent with that of fenofibrate. The following adverse reactions not listed above for fenofibrate were reported in ≥ 3% of patients taking Trilipix:
Gastrointestinal: Diarrhea, dyspepsia
General: Pain
Infections: Nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, upper respiratory tract infection
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue: Arthralgia, myalgia, pain in extremity
Nervous System: Dizziness
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of fenofibrate. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Blood: Anemia
Gastrointestinal: Pancreatitis
General: Asthenia
Hepatobiliary: Increased total bilirubin, hepatitis, cirrhosis
Immune System: Anaphylaxis, angioedema
Lipid Disorders: Severely depressed HDL-cholesterol levels
Musculoskeletal: Muscle spasms, rhabdomyolysis
Renal and Urinary: Acute renal failure
Respiratory: Interstitial lung disease
Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue: Photosensitivity reactions days to months after initiation. This may occur in patients who report a prior photosensitivity reaction to ketoprofen.
Table 2 presents clinically important drug interactions with Trilipix.
Table 2: Clinically Important Drug Interactions with Trilipix
|
Statins |
|
|
Clinical Impact: |
Fibrates may cause myopathy when given alone. The risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis is increased with concomitant use of fibrates with statins. |
|
Intervention: |
Consider if the benefit of using Trilipix concomitantly with statin therapy outweighs the increased risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. If concomitant use is decided, monitor patients for signs and symptoms of myopathy, particularly during initiation of therapy and during upward dosage titration of statin therapy. |
|
Colchicine |
|
|
Clinical Impact: |
Cases of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis have been reported with concomitant use of colchicine with fenofibrates. |
|
Intervention: |
Consider if the benefit of using colchicine concomitantly with Trilipix outweighs the increased risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. If concomitant use is decided, monitor patients for signs and symptoms of myopathy, particularly during initiation of therapy and during upward dosage titration of colchicine. |
|
Coumarin Anticoagulants |
|
|
Clinical Impact: |
Fibrates may cause potentiation of coumarin-type anticoagulant effects with prolongation of the PT/INR. |
|
Intervention: |
Caution should be exercised when coumarin anticoagulants are given in conjunction with Trilipix. The dosage of the anticoagulants should be reduced to maintain the PT/INR at the desired level to prevent bleeding complications. Frequent PT/INR determinations are advisable until it has been definitely determined that the PT/INR has stabilized |
|
Immunosuppressants |
|
|
Clinical Impact: |
Immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus can produce nephrotoxicity with decreases in creatinine clearance and rises in serum creatinine, and because renal excretion is the primary elimination route of fibrate drugs including Trilipix, there is a risk that an interaction will lead to deterioration of renal function. |
|
Intervention: |
The benefits and risks of using Trilipix with immunosuppressants and other potentially nephrotoxic agents should be carefully considered, and the lowest effective dosage employed and renal function monitored. |
|
Bile-Acid Binding Resins |
|
|
Clinical Impact: |
Bile-acid binding resins may bind other drugs given concurrently. |
|
Intervention: |
In patients taking a bile acid resin, administer Trilipix at least 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after the bile acid resin to avoid impeding its absorption. |
Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section.
Fenofibrate did not reduce cardiovascular disease morbidity or mortality in two large, randomized controlled trials of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus [see Clinical Studies (14.4)].
Because of chemical, pharmacological, and clinical similarities between fenofibrates, including Trilipix; pemafibrate; clofibrate; and gemfibrozil; the findings in 5 large randomized, placebo- controlled clinical trials with these other fibrate drugs may also apply to Trilipix.
Pemafibrate did not reduce cardiovascular disease morbidity or mortality in a large, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on background statin therapy [see Clinical Studies (14.4)].
In the Coronary Drug Project, a large trial conducted from 1965 to 1985 in men post myocardial infarction, there was no difference in mortality or nonfatal myocardial infarction between the clofibrate group and the placebo group after 5 years of treatment (NCT00000482).
In a trial conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) from 1965 to 1976, men without known coronary artery disease were treated with placebo or clofibrate for 5 years and followed for an additional 1 year. There was a statistically significant, higher age-adjusted all-cause mortality in the clofibrate group compared with the placebo group (5.70% vs. 3.96%, p ≤ 0.01). Excess mortality was due to a 33% increase in non-cardiovascular causes, including malignancy, post-cholecystectomy complications, and pancreatitis.
The Helsinki Heart Study, conducted from 1982 to 1987, was a large (N = 4,081) trial of middle- aged men without a history of coronary artery disease. Subjects received either placebo or gemfibrozil for 5 years, with a 3.5-year open extension afterward. Total mortality was numerically but not statistically higher in the gemfibrozil randomization group versus placebo [95% confidence interval (CI) of the hazard ratio (HR) 0.91 to 1.64].
A secondary prevention component of the Helsinki Heart Study treated middle-aged men with gemfibrozil or placebo for 5 years. The HR for cardiac deaths was 2.2, 95% CI, 0.94 to 5.05.
Serious drug-induced liver injury (DILI), including liver transplantation and death, has been reported with postmarketing use of fenofibrates, including Trilipix. DILI has been reported within the first few weeks of treatment or after several months of therapy and in some cases has reversed with discontinuation of Trilipix treatment. Patients with DILI have experienced signs and symptoms including dark urine, abnormal stool, jaundice, malaise, abdominal pain, myalgia, weight loss, pruritus, and nausea. Many patients had concurrent elevations of total bilirubin, serum alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST). DILI has been characterized as hepatocellular, chronic active, and cholestatic hepatitis, and cirrhosis has occurred in association with chronic active hepatitis.
In clinical trials, an intermediate daily dosage or the maximum recommended daily dosage of fenofibrate have been associated with increases in serum AST or ALT. The incidence of increases in transaminases may be dose related [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)].
Trilipix is contraindicated in patients with active liver disease, including those with unexplained persistent liver function abnormalities. Monitor patient’s liver function, including serum ALT, AST, and total bilirubin, at baseline and periodically for the duration of therapy with Trilipix.
Discontinue Trilipix if signs or symptoms of liver injury develop or if elevated enzyme levels persist (ALT or AST > 3 times the upper limit of normal, or if accompanied by elevation of bilirubin). Do not restart Trilipix in these patients if there is no alternative explanation for the liver injury.
Trilipix may cause myopathy [muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness associated with elevated creatine kinase (CK)] and rhabdomyolysis.
Risk factors for myopathy include age 65 years or older, uncontrolled hypothyroidism, renal impairment, and concomitant use with certain other drugs [see Drug Interactions (7) and Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].
Data from observational studies indicate that the risk for rhabdomyolysis is increased when fibrates, including fenofibrates, are co-administered with a statin. Avoid concomitant use unless the benefit of further alterations in TG levels is likely to outweigh the increased risk of this drug combination [see Drug Interactions (7), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3), and Clinical Studies (14.4)].
Cases of myopathy, including rhabdomyolysis, have been reported with Trilipix co-administered with colchicine. Consider whether the benefit of using colchicine concomitantly with Trilipix outweighs the increased risk of myopathy [see Drug Interactions (7)].
Discontinue Trilipix if markedly elevated CK levels occur or if myopathy is either diagnosed or suspected. Muscle symptoms and CK elevations may resolve if Trilipix is discontinued.
Temporarily discontinue Trilipix in patients experiencing an acute or serious condition at high risk of developing renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis (e.g., sepsis; shock; severe hypovolemia; major surgery; trauma; severe metabolic, endocrine, or electrolyte disorders; or uncontrolled epilepsy).
Inform patients of the risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis when starting or increasing the Trilipix dosage. Instruct patients to promptly report any unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness, particularly if accompanied by malaise or fever.
Increases in serum creatinine have been reported in patients receiving fenofibrates. These increases tend to return to baseline following discontinuation of Trilipix. The clinical significance of this finding is unknown. Monitor renal function in patients with renal impairment taking Trilipix. Renal monitoring should also be considered for patients taking Trilipix at risk for renal insufficiency such as geriatric patients and patients with diabetes. Trilipix is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment, including those with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and those receiving dialysis [see Dosage and Administration (2.3), Use in Specific Populations (8.6), and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Fenofibrate may increase cholesterol excretion into the bile, leading to cholelithiasis. If cholelithiasis is suspected, gallbladder studies are indicated. Trilipix therapy should be discontinued if gallstones are found. Trilipix is contraindicated in patients with pre-existing gallbladder disease.
Exercise caution when co-administering anticoagulants with Trilipix because of the potentiation of coumarin-type anticoagulant effects in prolonging the prothrombin time/International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR). To prevent bleeding complications, monitor the PT/INR frequently and adjust the dosage of the anticoagulant until the PT/INR has stabilized [see Drug Interactions (7)].
Pancreatitis has been reported in patients taking fenofibrates. This occurrence may represent a failure of efficacy in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia, a direct drug effect, or a secondary phenomenon mediated through biliary tract stone or sludge formation with obstruction of the common bile duct.
Mild to moderate hemoglobin, hematocrit, and white blood cell decreases have been observed in patients following initiation of therapy with fenofibrates. However, these levels stabilize during long-term administration. Thrombocytopenia and agranulocytosis have been reported in individuals treated with Trilipix. Periodic monitoring of red and white blood cell counts is recommended during the first 12 months of Trilipix administration.
Anaphylaxis and angioedema have been reported with postmarketing use of fenofibrates. In some cases, reactions were life-threatening and required emergency treatment. If a patient develops signs or symptoms of an acute hypersensitivity reaction, advise them to seek immediate medical attention and discontinue Trilipix. Trilipix is contraindicated in patients with a hypersensitivity to fenofibrate, fenofibric acid, or any of the ingredients in Trilipix.
Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCAR), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, and Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS), have been reported with postmarketing use of fenofibrates, occurring days to weeks after treatment initiation. The cases of DRESS were associated with cutaneous reactions (such as rash or exfoliative dermatitis) and a combination of eosinophilia, fever, systemic organ involvement (renal, hepatic, or respiratory). Discontinue Trilipix and treat patients appropriately if SCAR is suspected.
In the Fenofibrate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) trial, pulmonary embolus (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) were observed at higher rates in the fenofibrate- than the placebo-treated group. Of 9,795 patients enrolled in FIELD, there were 4,900 in the placebo group and 4,895 in the fenofibrate group. For DVT, there were 48 events (1%) in the placebo group and 67 (1.4%) in the fenofibrate group (p = 0.074); and for PE, there were 32 (0.7%) events in the placebo group and 53 (1.1%) in the fenofibrate group (p = 0.022).
In the Coronary Drug Project, a higher proportion of the clofibrate group experienced definite or suspected fatal or nonfatal pulmonary embolism or thrombophlebitis than the placebo group (5.2% vs. 3.3% at five years; p < 0.01).
In the cardiovascular outcome trial with pemafibrate, pulmonary embolism was reported for 37 (0.7%) subjects in the pemafibrate group and 16 (0.3%) subjects in the placebo group. Deep vein thrombosis was reported for 36 (0.7%) subjects in the pemafibrate group and 13 (0.2%) subjects in the placebo group.
There have been postmarketing and clinical trial reports of severe decreases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (as low as 2 mg/dL) occurring in patients with and without diabetes initiated on fibrate therapy, including fenofibrate. The decrease in HDL-C is mirrored by a decrease in apolipoprotein A1. This decrease has been reported to occur within 2 weeks to years after initiation of fibrate therapy. The HDL-C levels remain depressed until fibrate therapy has been withdrawn; the response to withdrawal of fibrate therapy is rapid and sustained. The clinical significance of this decrease in HDL-C is unknown. Check HDL-C levels within the first few months after initiation of Trilipix. If a severely depressed HDL-C level is detected, discontinue Trilipix and monitor HDL-C until it has returned to baseline. Trilipix should not be re-initiated.
No carcinogenicity and fertility studies have been conducted with choline fenofibrate or fenofibric acid. However, because fenofibrate is rapidly converted to its active metabolite, fenofibric acid, either during or immediately following absorption both in animals and humans, studies conducted with fenofibrate are relevant for the assessment of the toxicity profile of fenofibric acid. A similar toxicity spectrum is expected after treatment with either Trilipix or fenofibrate.
Carcinogenesis
Two dietary carcinogenicity studies have been conducted in rats with fenofibrate. In the first 24- month study, Wistar rats were dosed with fenofibrate at 10 mg/kg/day, 45 mg/kg/day, and 200 mg/kg/day, approximately 0.3 times, 1 time, and 6 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD), based on body surface area comparisons (mg/m2). At a dose of 200 mg/kg/day (at 6 times the MRHD), the incidence of liver carcinomas was significantly increased in both sexes. A statistically significant increase in pancreatic carcinomas was observed in males at 1 and 6 times the MRHD; an increase in pancreatic adenomas and benign testicular interstitial cell tumors was observed at 6 times the MRHD in males. In a second 24-month study in a different strain of rats (Sprague-Dawley), doses of 10 mg/kg/day and 60 mg/kg/day (0.3 and 2 times the MRHD) produced significant increases in the incidence of pancreatic acinar adenomas in both sexes and increases in testicular interstitial cell tumors in males at 2 times the MRHD.
A 117-week carcinogenicity study was conducted in rats comparing three drugs: fenofibrate 10 mg/kg/day and 60 mg/kg/day (0.3 and 2 times the MRHD), clofibrate (400 mg/kg/day; 2 times the human dose), and gemfibrozil (250 mg/kg/day; 2 times the human dose) based on mg/m2 surface area. Fenofibrate increased pancreatic acinar adenomas in both sexes. Clofibrate increased hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic acinar adenomas in males and hepatic neoplastic nodules in females. Gemfibrozil increased hepatic neoplastic nodules in males and females, while all three drugs increased testicular interstitial cell tumors in males.
In a 21-month study in CF-1 mice, fenofibrate 10 mg/kg/day, 45 mg/kg/day, and 200 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.2 times, 1 time, and 3 times the MRHD on the basis of mg/m2 surface area) significantly increased the liver carcinomas in both sexes at 3 times the MRHD. In a second 18- month study at 10 mg/kg/day, 60 mg/kg/day, and 200 mg/kg/day, fenofibrate significantly increased the liver carcinomas in male mice and liver adenomas in female mice at 3 times the MRHD.
Electron microscopy studies have demonstrated peroxisomal proliferation following fenofibrate administration to the rat. An adequate study to test for peroxisome proliferation in humans has not been done, but changes in peroxisome morphology and numbers have been observed in humans after treatment with other members of the fibrate class when liver biopsies were compared before and after treatment in the same individual.
Mutagenesis
Fenofibrate has been demonstrated to be devoid of mutagenic potential in the following tests: Ames, mouse lymphoma, chromosomal aberration and unscheduled DNA synthesis in primary rat hepatocytes.
Impairment of Fertility
In fertility studies rats were given oral dietary doses of fenofibrate, males received 61 days prior to mating and females 15 days prior to mating through weaning which resulted in no adverse effect on fertility at doses up to 300 mg/kg/day (approximately 10 times the MRHD, based on mg/m2 surface area comparisons).
In the event of an overdose of Trilipix, consider contacting the Poison Help line (1-800-222- 1222) or a medical toxicologist for additional overdosage management recommendations. There is no specific treatment for overdose with Trilipix. General supportive care of the patient is indicated, including monitoring of vital signs and observation of clinical status, should an overdose occur. If indicated, elimination of unabsorbed drug should be achieved by emesis or gastric lavage; usual precautions should be observed to maintain the airway. Because fenofibric acid is highly bound to plasma proteins, hemodialysis should not be considered.
Trilipix is contraindicated in patients with:
The active moiety of Trilipix is fenofibric acid. The pharmacological effects of fenofibric acid in both animals and humans have been studied through oral administration of fenofibrate.
The lipid-modifying effects of fenofibric acid seen in clinical practice have been explained in vivo in transgenic mice and in vitro in human hepatocyte cultures by the activation of PPAR alpha receptor. Through this mechanism, fenofibric acid increases lipolysis and elimination of triglyceride-rich particles from plasma by activating lipoprotein lipase and reducing production of apoprotein C-III (an inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase activity).
Fenofibric acid, the active metabolite of fenofibrate, produces reductions in total cholesterol (Total-C), total triglycerides, and triglyceride rich lipoprotein (VLDL) in treated patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia.
Trilipix contains fenofibric acid, which is the circulating pharmacologically active moiety in plasma after oral administration of Trilipix. Fenofibric acid is also the circulating pharmacologically active moiety in plasma after oral administration of fenofibrate, the ester of fenofibric acid.
Fenofibric acid is well absorbed throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The absolute bioavailability of fenofibric acid is approximately 81%.
Peak plasma levels of fenofibric acid occur within 4 to 5 hours after a single dose administration of Trilipix capsule under fasting conditions.
Effect of Food
Fenofibric acid exposure in plasma, as measured by Cmax and AUC, is not significantly different when a single 135 mg dose of Trilipix is administered under fasting or nonfasting conditions.
Upon multiple dosing of Trilipix, fenofibric acid levels reach steady state within 8 days. Plasma concentrations of fenofibric acid at steady state are approximately double those following a single dose. Serum protein binding was approximately 99% in normal and dyslipidemic subjects.
Fenofibric acid is eliminated with a half-life of approximately 20 hours, allowing once daily administration of Trilipix.
Metabolism
Fenofibric acid is primarily conjugated with glucuronic acid and then excreted in urine. A small amount of fenofibric acid is reduced at the carbonyl moiety to a benzhydrol metabolite which is, in turn, conjugated with glucuronic acid and excreted in urine.
In vivo metabolism data after fenofibrate administration indicate that fenofibric acid does not undergo oxidative metabolism (e.g., cytochrome P450) to a significant extent.
Excretion
After absorption, Trilipix is primarily excreted in the urine in the form of fenofibric acid and fenofibric acid glucuronide.
Geriatric Patients
In geriatric volunteers 77 to 87 years of age, the oral clearance of fenofibric acid following a single oral dose of fenofibrate was 1.2 L/h, which compares to 1.1 L/h in young adults. This indicates that a similar dosage regimen can be used in geriatric patients with normal renal function, without increasing accumulation of the drug or metabolites [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) and Use in Specific Populations (8.5)].
Pediatric Patients
The pharmacokinetics of Trilipix has not been studied in pediatric populations.
Male and Female Patients
No pharmacokinetic difference between males and females has been observed for fenofibric acid.
Racial and Ethnic Groups
The influence of race on the pharmacokinetics of fenofibric acid has not been studied; however, fenofibric acid is not metabolized by enzymes known for exhibiting inter-ethnic variability.
Patients with Renal Impairment
The pharmacokinetics of fenofibric acid were examined in patients with mild, moderate, and severe renal impairment. Patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance [CrCl ≤30 mL/min] or estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <30 mL/min/1.73m2) showed a 2.7-fold increase in exposure for fenofibric acid and increased accumulation of fenofibric acid during chronic dosing compared to that of healthy subjects. Patients with mild to moderate renal impairment (CrCl 30 mL/min to 80 mL/min or eGFR 30 to 59 mL/min/1.73m2) had similar exposure but an increase in the half-life for fenofibric acid compared to that of healthy subjects [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
Patients with Hepatic Impairment
No pharmacokinetic studies have been conducted in patients with hepatic impairment.
In vitro studies using human liver microsomes indicate that fenofibric acid is not an inhibitor of cytochrome (CYP) P450 isoforms CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, or CYP1A2. It is a weak inhibitor of CYP2C8, CYP2C19, and CYP2A6, and mild-to-moderate inhibitor of CYP2C9 at therapeutic concentrations.
Comparison of atorvastatin exposures when atorvastatin (80 mg once daily for 10 days) is given in combination with fenofibric acid (Trilipix 135 mg once daily for 10 days) and ezetimibe (10 mg once daily for 10 days) versus when atorvastatin is given in combination with ezetimibe only (ezetimibe 10 mg once daily and atorvastatin, 80 mg once daily for 10 days): The Cmax decreased by 1% for atorvastatin and ortho-hydroxy-atorvastatin and increased by 2% for parahydroxy- atorvastatin. The AUC decreased 6% and 9% for atorvastatin and orthohydroxy-atorvastatin, respectively, and did not change for para-hydroxy-atorvastatin.
Comparison of ezetimibe exposures when ezetimibe (10 mg once daily for 10 days) is given in combination with fenofibric acid (Trilipix 135 mg once daily for 10 days) and atorvastatin (80 mg once daily for 10 days) versus when ezetimibe is given in combination with atorvastatin only (ezetimibe 10 mg once daily and atorvastatin, 80 mg once daily for 10 days): The Cmax increased by 26% and 7% for total and free ezetimibe, respectively. The AUC increased by 27% and 12% for total and free ezetimibe, respectively.
Table 3 describes the effects of co-administered drugs on fenofibric acid systemic exposure. Table 4 describes the effects of co-administered fenofibric acid on systemic exposure of other drugs.
Table 3: Effects of Co-Administered Drugs on Fenofibric Acid Systemic Exposure from Trilipix or Fenofibrate Administration
|
Co- Administered Drug |
Dosage Regimen of Co-Administered Drug |
Dosage Regimen of Trilipix or Fenofibrate |
Changes in Fenofibric Acid Exposure |
|
|
AUC |
Cmax |
|||
|
Lipid-lowering medications |
||||
|
Rosuvastatin |
40 mg once daily for 10 days |
Trilipix 135 mg once daily for10 days |
↓2% |
↓2% |
|
Atorvastatin |
20 mg once daily for 10 days |
Fenofibrate 160 mg1 once daily for 10 days |
↓2% |
↓4% |
|
Atorvastatin + ezetimibe |
Atorvastatin, 80 mg once daily and ezetimibe, 10 mg once daily for 10 days |
Trilipix 135 mg once daily for 10 days |
↑5% |
↑5% |
|
Pravastatin |
40 mg as a single dose |
Fenofibrate 3 x 67 mg2 as a single dose |
↓1% |
↓2% |
|
Fluvastatin |
40 mg as a single dose |
Fenofibrate 160 mg1 as a single dose |
↓2% |
↓10% |
|
Simvastatin |
80 mg once daily for 7 days |
Fenofibrate 160 mg1 once daily for 7 days |
↓5% |
↓11% |
|
Anti-diabetic medications |
||||
|
Glimepiride |
1 mg as a single dose |
Fenofibrate 145 mg1 once daily for 10 days |
↑1% |
↓1% |
|
Metformin |
850 mg three times daily for 10 days |
Fenofibrate 54 mg1 three times daily for 10 days |
↓9% |
↓6% |
|
Rosiglitazone |
8 mg once daily for 5 days |
Fenofibrate 145 mg1 once daily for 14 days |
↑10% |
↑3% |
|
Gastrointestinal medications |
||||
|
Omeprazole |
40 mg once daily for 5 days |
Trilipix 135 mg as a single dose fasting |
↑6% |
↑17% |
|
Omeprazole |
40 mg once daily for 5 days |
Trilipix 135 mg as a single dose with food |
↑4% |
↓2% |
|
1 TriCor (fenofibrate) oral tablet |
||||
Table 4: Effects of Trilipix or Fenofibrate Co-Administration on Systemic Exposure of Other Drugs
|
Dosage Regimen of Trilipix or Fenofibrate |
Dosage Regimen of Co-Administered Drug |
Changes in Co-Administered Drug Exposure |
||
|
Analyte |
AUC |
Cmax |
||
|
Lipid-lowering medications |
||||
|
Trilipix 135 mg once daily for 10 days |
Rosuvastatin, 40 mg once daily for 10 days |
Rosuvastatin |
↑6% |
↑20% |
|
Fenofibrate 160 mg1 once daily for 10 days |
Atorvastatin, 20 mg once daily for 10 days |
Atorvastatin |
↓17% |
0% |
|
Fenofibrate 3 x 67 mg2 as a single dose |
Pravastatin, 40 mg as a single dose |
Pravastatin |
↑13% |
↑13% |
|
3α-hydroxyl-iso- pravastatin |
↑26% |
↑29% |
||
|
Fenofibrate 160 mg1 as a single dose |
Fluvastatin, 40 mg as a single dose |
(+)-3R, 5S- Fluvastatin |
↑15% |
↑16% |
|
Fenofibrate 160 mg1 once daily for 7 days |
Simvastatin, 80 mg once daily for 7 days |
Simvastatin acid |
↓36% |
↓11% |
|
Simvastatin |
↓11% |
↓17% |
||
|
Active HMG-CoA Inhibitors |
↓12% |
↓1% |
||
|
Total HMG-CoA Inhibitors |
↓8% |
↓10% |
||
|
Anti-diabetic medications |
||||
|
Fenofibrate 145 mg1 once daily for 10 days |
Glimepiride, 1 mg as a single dose |
Glimepiride |
↑35% |
↑18% |
|
Fenofibrate 54 mg1 three times daily for 10 days |
Metformin, 850 mg three times daily for 10 days |
Metformin |
↑3% |
↑6% |
|
Fenofibrate 145 mg1 once daily for 14 days |
Rosiglitazone, 8 mg once daily for 5 days |
Rosiglitazone |
↑6% |
↓1% |
|
1 TriCor (fenofibrate) oral tablet |
||||
Inform patients that Trilipix may cause liver enzyme elevations and possibly liver failure. Advise patients to promptly report fatigue, anorexia, right upper abdominal discomfort, dark urine or jaundice [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Advise patients that Trilipix may cause myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. Inform patients that the risk is also increased when taking certain types of medication and they should discuss all medication, both prescription and over the counter, with their healthcare provider. Instruct patients to inform other healthcare providers prescribing a new medication or increasing the dosage of an existing medication that they are taking Trilipix. Instruct patients to promptly report any unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness particularly if accompanied by malaise or fever [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) and Drug Interactions (7)].
Inform patients that the concomitant use of Trilipix with coumarin-type anticoagulants may increase the risk of bleeding. Advise patients if they are taking or planning to take coumarin-type anticoagulants to inform their healthcare providers and that increased monitoring may be necessary [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) and Drug Interactions (7)].
Inform patients that serious hypersensitivity reactions, such as anaphylaxis and angioedema, have been reported with fenofibrates. Advise patients to report immediately any signs or symptoms suggesting allergic reaction, and to discontinue drug until they have consulted prescribing physicians [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)].
Advise patients to inform their healthcare provider of a known or suspected pregnancy to discuss if Trilipix should be discontinued [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
Advise patients that breastfeeding during treatment with Trilipix is not recommended [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2)].
If a dose is missed, advise patients to not take an extra dose and to resume treatment with the next dose.
© 2025 AbbVie. All rights reserved.
Trilipix and its design are trademarks of AbbVie Inc.
Manufactured for AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL 60064, U.S.A. by Fournier Laboratories Ireland Limited, Anngrove, Carrigtwohill Co. Cork, Ireland, or AbbVie LTD, Barceloneta, PR 00617.
