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WARNING
ANAPHYLAXIS
Anaphylaxis presenting as bronchospasm, hypotension, syncope, urticaria, and/or angioedema of the throat or tongue, has been reported to occur after administration of omalizumab products. Anaphylaxis has occurred as early as after the first dose of omalizumab products, but also has occurred beyond 1 year after beginning regularly administered treatment. Because of the risk of anaphylaxis, initiate OMLYCLO therapy in a healthcare setting and closely observe patients for an appropriate period of time after OMLYCLO administration. Health care providers administering OMLYCLO should be prepared to manage anaphylaxis which can be life-threatening. Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis and instruct them to seek immediate medical care should symptoms occur. Selection of patients for self-administration of OMLYCLO should be based on criteria to mitigate risk from anaphylaxis [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Omalizumab-igec is a recombinant DNA-derived humanized IgG1κ monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to human immunoglobulin E (IgE). The antibody has a molecular weight of approximately 149 kiloDaltons. OMLYCLO is produced by a Chinese hamster ovary cell suspension culture.
OMLYCLO (omalizumab-igec) is administered as a subcutaneous (SC) injection and is available in prefilled syringes.
OMLYCLO (omalizumab-igec) injection is supplied as a sterile, preservative-free, clear to opalescent and colorless to pale brownish-yellow solution for subcutaneous injection.
OMLYCLO (omalizumab-igec) injection is available as a single-dose prefilled syringe.
Each 75 mg prefilled syringe delivers 75 mg omalizumab-igec in 0.5 mL and contains arginine hydrochloride (21.065 mg), histidine (0.685 mg), L-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate (1.17 mg), and polysorbate 20 (0.2 mg) in Water for Injection (WFI), USP. The pH of the product is 6.0.
Each 150 mg prefilled syringe delivers 150 mg omalizumab-igec in 1 mL and contains arginine hydrochloride (42.13 mg), histidine (1.37 mg), L-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate (2.34 mg), and polysorbate 20 (0.4 mg) in WFI, USP. The pH of the product is 6.0.
A prefilled glass syringe with a 27-gauge special thin wall needle. The syringe plunger stopper and needle cap are not made with natural rubber latex.
OMLYCLO is indicated for adults and pediatric patients 6 years of age and older with moderate to severe persistent asthma who have a positive skin test or in vitro reactivity to a perennial aeroallergen and whose symptoms are inadequately controlled with inhaled corticosteroids.
OMLYCLO is not indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm or status asthmaticus.
OMLYCLO is indicated for add-on maintenance treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in adult patients 18 years of age and older with inadequate response to nasal corticosteroids.
OMLYCLO is indicated for the reduction of allergic reactions (Type I), including anaphylaxis, that may occur with accidental exposure to one or more foods in adult and pediatric patients aged 1 year and older with IgE-mediated food allergy.
OMLYCLO is to be used in conjunction with food allergen avoidance.
OMLYCLO is not indicated for the emergency treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.
OMLYCLO is indicated for the treatment of adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) who remain symptomatic despite H1 antihistamine treatment.
OMLYCLO is not indicated for treatment of other forms of urticaria.
Dosage of OMLYCLO in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is not dependent on serum IgE (free or total) level or body weight [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
The recommended dosage for asthma is OMLYCLO 75 mg to 375 mg by subcutaneous injection every 2 or 4 weeks based on serum total IgE level (IU/mL) measured before the start of treatment and by body weight (kg) [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
Table 1: Subcutaneous OMLYCLO Doses Every 2 or 4
Weeks* for Patients 12 Years of Age and Older with Asthma
 |
Table 2: Subcutaneous OMLYCLO Doses Every 2 or 4
Weeks* for Pediatric Patients with Asthma Who Begin OMLYCLO Between the Ages of
6 to <12 Years
 |
Periodically reassess the need for continued therapy based upon the patient’s disease severity and level of asthma control.
The recommended dosage for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is OMLYCLO 75 mg to 600 mg by subcutaneous injection every 2 or 4 weeks based on serum total IgE level (IU/mL) measure before the start of treatment and by body weight (kg) [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. Refer to Table 3 for recommended dosage based on serum total IgE level and body weight for patients with CRSwNP.
Table 3: Subcutaneous OMLYCLO Doses Every 2 or 4
Weeks* for Adult Patients with CRSwNP
 |
Periodically reassess the need for continued therapy based upon the patient’s disease severity and level of symptom control.
The recommended dosage for IgE-mediated food allergy is OMLYCLO 75 mg to 600 mg by subcutaneous injection every 2 or 4 weeks based on serum total IgE level (IU/mL), measured before the start of treatment, and by body weight [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
Refer to Table 4 for recommended dosage based on serum IgE level and body weight for patients with IgE-mediated food allergy.
Table 4: Subcutaneous OMLYCLO Doses Every 2 or 4
Weeks* for Adult and Pediatric Patients 1 Year of Age and Older with
IgE-Mediated Food Allergy
 |
The appropriate duration of therapy for IgE-mediated food allergy has not been evaluated. Periodically reassess the need for continued therapy.
The recommended dosage for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is OMLYCLO 150 mg or 300 mg by subcutaneous injection every 4 weeks.
The appropriate duration of therapy for CSU has not been evaluated. Periodically reassess the need for continued therapy.
Healthcare providers should consider known risk factors for anaphylaxis to OMLYCLO [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS] and mitigation strategies when selecting patients for self-administration. Patient-specific factors including the following criteria should be considered:
1a) Asthma, CRSwNP and CSU: Patient should have no prior history of anaphylaxis to OMLYCLO or other agents, such as foods, drugs, biologics, etc.
1b) IgE-Mediated Food Allergy: Patient should have no prior history of anaphylaxis to OMLYCLO or other agents (except foods), such as drugs, biologics, etc.
2) Patient should receive at least 3 doses of OMLYCLO under the guidance of a healthcare provider with no hypersensitivity reactions
3) Patient or caregiver is able to recognize symptoms of anaphylaxis
4) Patient or caregiver is able to treat anaphylaxis appropriately
5) Patient or caregiver is able to perform subcutaneous injections with OMLYCLO prefilled syringe with proper technique according to the prescribed dosing regimen and Instructions for Use
OMLYCLO injection doses are available as a prefilled syringe. Instruct patients or caregivers to follow the directions provided in the “Instructions for Use” for preparation and administration of OMLYCLO Prefilled Syringe [see Instructions for Use].
Table 5: Number of OMLYCLO Prefilled Syringes, Injections
and Total Injection Volumes*
| OMLYCLO Dose** | 75 mg | 150 mg | Total Volume Injected |
| 75 mg | 1 | 0 | 0.5 mL |
| 150 mg | 0 | 1 | 1 mL |
| 225 mg | 1 | 1 | 1.5 mL |
| 300 mg | 0 | 2 | 2 mL |
| 375 mg | 1 | 2 | 2.5 mL |
| 450 mg | 0 | 3 | 3 mL |
| 525 mg | 1 | 3 | 3.5 mL |
| 600 mg | 0 | 4 | 4 mL |
| *This table represents the fewest number of injections
for the patient, however, there are other syringe dosing combinations to
achieve desired dose. **The 75 mg, 150 mg, 225 mg, 300 mg, and 375 mg OMLYCLO doses are approved for use in asthmapatients. All doses in the table are approved for use in CRSwNP and IgE-mediated food allergy patients. The 150 mg and 300 mg OMLYCLO doses are also approved for use in CSU patients. |
|||
OMLYCLO (omalizumab-igec) injection is a clear to opalescent and colorless to pale brownish-yellow solution in a single-dose prefilled glass syringe with a 27-gauge special thin wall needle. The syringe plunger stopper and needle cap are not made with natural rubber latex. Each carton contains one prefilled syringe.
Each OMLYCLO 75 mg carton contains one single-dose 75 mg
prefilled syringe with a yellow plunger rod (NDC 72606-035-01).
Each OMLYCLO 150 mg carton contains one single-dose 150
mg prefilled syringe with a blue plunger rod (NDC 72606-036-01).
OMLYCLO prefilled syringe should be shipped and stored under refrigerated conditions 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) in the original carton. Protect from direct sunlight. OMLYCLO prefilled syringe can be removed from and placed back in the refrigerator if needed. The total combined time out of the refrigerator may not be more than 7 days. Do not use if prefilled syringe is left at temperatures above 25°C (77°F).
Do not freeze. Do not use if the syringe has been frozen. Do not shake.
Manufactured by: CELLTRION, Inc., 23, Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 22014, Republic of Korea. Distributed by: CELLTRION USA, Inc., 1 Evertrust Plaza Suite 1207, Jersey City, NJ, 07302. Revised Date: Mar 2025
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling:
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.
The data described below reflect omalizumab exposure for 2,076 adult and adolescent patients ages 12 and older, including 1,687 patients exposed for six months and 555 exposed for one year or more, in either placebo-controlled or other controlled asthma studies. The mean age of patients receiving omalizumab was 42 years, with 134 patients 65 years of age or older; 60% were women, and 85% Caucasian. Patients received omalizumab 150 mg to 375 mg every 2 or 4 weeks or, for patients assigned to control groups, standard therapy with or without a placebo.
The adverse reactions most frequently resulting in clinical intervention (e.g., discontinuation of omalizumab, or the need for concomitant medication to treat an adverse reaction) were injection site reaction (45%), viral infections (23%), upper respiratory tract infection (20%), sinusitis (16%), headache (15%), and pharyngitis (11%). These reactions were observed at similar rates in omalizumab-treated patients and control patients.
Table 6 shows adverse reactions from four placebo-controlled asthma trials that occurred ≥1% and more frequently in adult and adolescent patients 12 years of age and older receiving omalizumab than in those receiving placebo. Adverse reactions were classified using preferred terms from the International Medical Nomenclature (IMN) dictionary. Injection site reactions were recorded separately from the reporting of other adverse reactions.
Table 6: Adverse Reactions ≥1% More Frequent in
omalizumab-Treated Adult or Adolescent Patients 12 years of Age and Older in
Four Placebo-controlled Asthma Trials
| Adverse reaction | Omalizumab n=738 |
Placebo n=717 |
| Body as a whole | ||
| Pain | 7% | 5% |
| Fatigue | 3% | 2% |
| Musculoskeletal system | ||
| Arthralgia | 8% | 6% |
| Fracture | 2% | 1% |
| Leg pain | 4% | 2% |
| Arm pain | 2% | 1% |
| Nervous system | ||
| Dizziness | 3% | 2% |
| Skin and aroendases | ||
| Pruritus | 2% | 1% |
| Dermatitis | 2% | 1% |
| Special senses | ||
| Earache | 2% | 1% |
There were no differences in the incidence of adverse reactions based on age (among patients under 65), gender or race.
A retrospective case-control study investigated risk factors for anaphylaxis to omalizumab among patients treated with omalizumab for asthma. Cases with an adjudicated history of anaphylaxis to omalizumab were compared to controls with no such history. The study found that a self-reported history of anaphylaxis to foods, medications or other causes was more common among patients with omalizumab anaphylaxis (57% of 30 cases) compared to controls (23% of 88 controls) [OR 8.1, 95% CI 2.7 to 24.3]. Because this is a case-control study, the study cannot provide the incidence of anaphylaxis among omalizumab users. From other sources, anaphylaxis to omalizumab was observed in 0.1% of patients in clinical trials and at least 0.2% of patients based upon postmarketing reports. Approximately 60% to 70% of cases were reported to occur within the first three doses of omalizumab, with additional cases occurring sporadically beyond the third dose. The time to onset for anaphylaxis was reported to occur within 2 hours for the majority of cases (approximately 75%) [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, ADVERSE REACTIONS].
In adults and adolescents, injection site reactions of any severity occurred at a rate of 45% in omalizumab-treated patients compared with 43% in placebo-treated patients. The types of injection site reactions included: bruising, redness, warmth, burning, stinging, itching, hive formation, pain, indurations, mass, and inflammation.
Severe injection site reactions occurred more frequently in omalizumab-treated patients compared with patients in the placebo group (12% versus 9%).
The majority of injection site reactions occurred within 1 hour post injection, lasted less than 8 days, and generally decreased in frequency at subsequent dosing visits.
The data described below reflect omalizumab exposure for 926 patients 6 to <12 years of age, including 583 patients exposed for six months and 292 exposed for one year or more, in either placebo-controlled or other controlled asthma studies. The mean age of pediatric patients receiving omalizumab was 8.8 years; 69% were male, and 64% were Caucasian. Pediatric patients received omalizumab 75 mg to 375 mg every 2 or 4 weeks or, for patients assigned to control groups, standard therapy with or without a placebo. No cases of malignancy were reported in patients treated with omalizumab in these trials.
The most common adverse reactions occurring at ≥3% in the pediatric patients receiving omalizumab and more frequently than in patients treated with placebo were nasopharyngitis, headache, pyrexia, upper abdominal pain, pharyngitis streptococcal, otitis media, viral gastroenteritis, arthropod bite, and epistaxis.
The adverse reactions most frequently resulting in clinical intervention (e.g., discontinuation of omalizumab, or the need for concomitant medication to treat an adverse event) were bronchitis (0.2%), headache (0.2%) and urticaria (0.2%). These reactions were observed at similar rates in omalizumab-treated patients and control patients.
The data described below reflect omalizumab exposure for 135 patients ≥ 18 years of age, exposed for six months in two placebo-controlled studies. The mean age of patients receiving omalizumab was 49.7 years; 64% were male, and 94% were Caucasian. Patients received omalizumab or placebo SC every 2 or 4 weeks, with dosage and frequency according to Table 3. All patients received background nasal mometasone therapy throughout the study. Table 7 lists the adverse reactions occurring in ≥3% of omalizumab-treated patients and more frequently than in patients treated with placebo in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) Trials 1 and 2; results were pooled.
Table 7: Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥3% of
omalizumab-Treated Patients and More Frequently than in Patients Treated with
Placebo in CRSwNP Trials 1 and 2
| Adverse reaction | Omalizumab N=135 |
Placebo N=130 |
| Gastrointestinal disorder | ||
| Upper abdominal pain | 4 (3.0%) | 1 (0.8%) |
| General disorders and administration site conditions | ||
| Injection site reactions* | 7 (5.2%) | 2 (1.5%) |
| Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disorders | ||
| Arthralgia | 4 (3.0%) | 2 (1.5%) |
| Nervous system disorders | ||
| Headache | 11 (8.1%) | 7 (5.4%) |
| Dizziness | 4 (3.0%) | 1 (0.8%) |
| CRSwNP = Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps. *Injection site reactions terms: ?injection site reaction?, ?injection related reaction? and ?injection site pain?. Allinjection site reactions were mild to moderate severity and none resulted in study discontinuation |
||
The safety of omalizumab in patients with IgE-mediated allergic reactions (Type I), including anaphylaxis, that may occur with accidental exposure to one or more foods, was based on data from the Food Allergy (FA) Trial, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 168 patients (165 pediatric patients and 3 adults) who were allergic to peanut and at least two other foods [see Clinical Studies]. Patients received a dosage of omalizumab or placebo subcutaneously every 2 or 4 weeks for 16 to 20 weeks according to the recommended dosage based on total IgE level (IU/mL), measured before the start of treatment, and by body weight (kg) provided in Table 4 [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION]. Safety data provided in Table 8 are from the primary analysis population of pediatric patients aged 1 years to 17 years. Safety data obtained from adults (n=3) in this trial was limited. Table 8 lists the adverse reactions occurring in ≥3% of omalizumab-treated pediatric patients and more frequently than in patients treated with placebo in the FA trial. There were no discontinuations due to adverse reactions.
Table 8: Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥3% of
omalizumab -Treated Pediatric Patients 1 Year of Age and Older and More
Frequently than in Patients Treated with Placebo in FA Trial
| Adverse reaction | Omalizumab N=110 |
Placebo N=55 |
| General disorders and administration site conditions | ||
| Injection site reactions* | 17 (15.5%) | 6 (10.9%) |
| Pyrexia | 7 (6.4%) | 2 (3.6%) |
| *Injection site reactions terms: ?injection site reaction?,?injection site urticaria?,?injection site discomfort?,?injection site erythema?,?injection site pain? and ?injection site rash?. All injection site reactions were mild to moderate severity and none resulted in study discontinuation. | ||
The safety of omalizumab for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) was assessed in three placebo-controlled, multiple-dose clinical trials of 12 weeks? (CSU Trial 2) and 24 weeks? duration (CSU Trials 1 and 3). In CSU Trials 1 and 2, patients received omalizumab 75 mg, 150 mg, or 300 mg or placebo every 4 weeks in addition to their baseline level of H1 antihistamine therapy throughout the treatment period. In CSU Trial 3 patients were randomized to omalizumab 300 mg or placebo every 4 weeks in addition to their baseline level of H1 antihistamine therapy. The data described below reflect omalizumab exposure for 733 patients enrolled and receiving at least one dose of omalizumab in the three clinical trials, including 684 patients exposed for 12 weeks and 427 exposed for 24 weeks. The mean age of patients receiving omalizumab 300 mg was 43 years, 75% were women, and 89% were white. The demographic profiles for patients receiving omalizumab 150 mg and 75 mg were similar.
Table 9 shows adverse reactions that occurred in ≥2% of patients receiving omalizumab (150 or 300 mg) and more frequently than those receiving placebo. Adverse reactions are pooled from CSU Trial 2 and the first 12 weeks of CSU Trials 1 and 3.
Table 9: Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥2% in
omalizumab-Treated Patients and More Frequently than in Patients Treated with
Placebo (Day 1 to Week 12) in CSU Trials
| Adverse Reactions* | CSU Trials 1, 2 and 3 Pooled | ||
| 150 mg (n=175) |
300 mg (n=412) |
Placebo (n=242) |
|
| Gastrointestinal disorders | |||
| Nausea | 2 (1.1%) | 11 (2.7%) | 6 (2.5%) |
| Infections and infestations | |||
| Nasopharyngitis | 16 (9.1%) | 27 (6.6%) | 17 (7.0%) |
| Sinusitis | 2 (1.1%) | 20 (4.9%) | 5 (2.1%) |
| Upper respiratory tract infection | 2 (1.1%) | 14 (3.4%) | 5 (2.1%) |
| Viral upper respiratory tract infection | 4 (2.3%) | 2 (0.5%) | (0.0%) |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | |||
| Arthralgia | 5 (2.9%) | 12 (2.9%) | 1 (0.4%) |
| Nervous system disorders | |||
| Headache | 21 (12.0%) | 25 (6.1%) | 7 (2.9%) |
| Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders | |||
| Cough | 2 (1.1%) | 9 (2.2%) | 3 (1.2%) |
| * by MedDRA (15.1) System Organ Class and Preferred Term | |||
Additional reactions reported during the 24-week treatment period in CSU Trials 1 and 3 [≥2% of patients receiving omalizumab (150 mg or 300 mg) and more frequently than those receiving placebo] included: toothache, fungal infection, urinary tract infection, myalgia, pain in extremity, musculoskeletal pain, peripheral edema, pyrexia, migraine, sinus headache, anxiety, oropharyngeal pain, asthma, urticaria, and alopecia.
Injection site reactions of any severity occurred during the studies in more omalizumab-treated patients [11 patients (2.7%) at 300 mg, 1 patient (0.6%) at 150 mg] compared with 2 placebo-treated patients (0.8%). The types of injection site reactions included: swelling, erythema, pain, bruising, itching, bleeding, and urticaria. None of the events resulted in study discontinuation or treatment interruption.
A 5-year observational cohort study was conducted in patients ≥12 years of age with moderate to severe persistent asthma and a positive skin test reaction to a perennial aeroallergen to evaluate the long-term safety of omalizumab, including the risk of malignancy [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. A total of 5,007 omalizumab-treated and 2,829 non?omalizumab-treated patients enrolled in the study. Similar percentages of patients in both cohorts were current (5%) or former smokers (29%). Patients had a mean age of 45 years and were followed for a mean of 3.7 years. More omalizumab-treated patients were diagnosed with severe asthma (50%) compared to the non?omalizumab-treated patients (23%) and 44% of patients prematurely discontinued the study. Additionally, 88% of patients in the omalizumab-treated cohort had been previously exposed to omalizumab for a mean of 8 months.
A higher incidence rate (per 1,000 patient-years) of overall cardiovascular and cerebrovascular serious adverse events (SAEs) was observed in omalizumab-treated patients (13.4) compared to non?omalizumab-treated patients (8.1). Increases in rates were observed for transient ischemic attack (0.7 versus 0.1), myocardial infarction (2.1 versus 0.8), pulmonary hypertension (0.5 versus 0), pulmonary embolism/venous thrombosis (3.2 versus 1.5), and unstable angina (2.2 versus 1.4), while the rates observed for ischemic stroke and cardiovascular death were similar among both study cohorts. The results suggest a potential increased risk of serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients treated with omalizumab. However, the observational study design, the inclusion of patients previously exposed to omalizumab (88%), baseline imbalances in cardiovascular risk factors between the treatment groups, an inability to adjust for unmeasured risk factors, and the high study discontinuation rate limit the ability to quantify the magnitude of the risk.
A pooled analysis of 25 randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials of 8 to 52 weeks in duration was conducted to further evaluate the imbalance in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular SAEs noted in the above observational cohort study. A total of 3,342 omalizumab-treated patients and 2,895 placebo-treated patients were included in the pooled analysis. The patients had a mean age of 38 years, and were followed for a mean duration of 6.8 months. No notable imbalances were observed in the rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular SAEs listed above. However, the results of the pooled analysis were based on a low number of events, slightly younger patients, and shorter duration of follow-up than the observational cohort study; therefore, the results are insufficient to confirm or reject the findings noted in the observational cohort study.
The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of omalizumab products. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Based on spontaneous reports and an estimated exposure of about 57,300 patients from June 2003 through December 2006, the frequency of anaphylaxis attributed to omalizumab use was estimated to be at least 0.2% of patients. Diagnostic criteria of anaphylaxis were skin or mucosal tissue involvement, and, either airway compromise, and/or reduced blood pressure with or without associated symptoms, and a temporal relationship to omalizumab administration with no other identifiable cause. Signs and symptoms in these reported cases included bronchospasm, hypotension, syncope, urticaria, angioedema of the throat or tongue, dyspnea, cough, chest tightness, and/or cutaneous angioedema. Pulmonary involvement was reported in 89% of the cases. Hypotension or syncope was reported in 14% of cases. Fifteen percent of the reported cases resulted in hospitalization. A previous history of anaphylaxis unrelated to omalizumab was reported in 24% of the cases.
Of the reported cases of anaphylaxis attributed to omalizumab, 39% occurred with the first dose, 19% occurred with the second dose, 10% occurred with the third dose, and the rest after subsequent doses. One case occurred after 39 doses (after 19 months of continuous therapy, anaphylaxis occurred when treatment was restarted following a 3-month gap). The time to onset of anaphylaxis in these cases was up to 30 minutes in 35%, greater than 30 and up to 60 minutes in 16%, greater than 60 and up to 90 minutes in 2%, greater than 90 and up to 120 minutes in 6%, greater than 2 hours and up to 6 hours in 5%, greater than 6 hours and up to 12 hours in 14%, greater than 12 hours and up to 24 hours in 8%, and greater than 24 hours and up to 4 days in 5%. In 9% of cases the times to onset were unknown.
Twenty-three patients who experienced anaphylaxis were rechallenged with omalizumab and 18 patients had a recurrence of similar symptoms of anaphylaxis. In addition, anaphylaxis occurred upon rechallenge with omalizumab in 4 patients who previously experienced urticaria only.
Eosinophilic conditions have been reported [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
A constellation of signs and symptoms including arthritis/arthralgia, rash (urticaria or other forms), fever and lymphadenopathy similar to serum sickness have been reported in post-approval use of omalizumab products [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Severe thrombocytopenia has been reported.
Hair loss has been reported.
No formal drug interaction studies have been performed with omalizumab products.
In patients with asthma, CRSwNP, and IgE-mediated food allergy the concomitant use of omalizumab products and allergen immunotherapy has not been evaluated.
In patients with CSU, the use of omalizumab products in combination with immunosuppressive therapies has not been studied.
Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section.
Anaphylaxis has been reported to occur after administration of omalizumab products in premarketing clinical trials and in postmarketing spontaneous reports [see BOXED WARNING and ADVERSE REACTIONS]. Signs and symptoms in these reported cases have included bronchospasm, hypotension, syncope, urticaria, and/or angioedema of the throat or tongue. Some of these events have been life-threatening. In premarketing clinical trials in patients with asthma, anaphylaxis was reported in 3 of 3,507 (0.1%) patients. Anaphylaxis occurred with the first dose of omalizumab in two patients and with the fourth dose in one patient. The time to onset of anaphylaxis was 90 minutes after administration in two patients and 2 hours after administration in one patient.
A case-control study in asthma patients showed that, among omalizumab users, patients with a history of anaphylaxis to foods, medications, or other causes were at increased risk of anaphylaxis associated with omalizumab products, compared to those with no prior history of anaphylaxis [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
In postmarketing spontaneous reports, the frequency of anaphylaxis attributed to omalizumab use was estimated to be at least 0.2% of patients based on an estimated exposure of 57,300 patients from June 2003 through December 2006. Anaphylaxis has occurred as early as after the first dose of omalizumab, but also has occurred beyond one year after beginning regularly scheduled treatment. Approximately 60% to 70% of anaphylaxis cases have been reported to occur within the first three doses of omalizumab, with additional cases occurring sporadically beyond the third dose.
Initiate OMLYCLO only in a healthcare setting equipped to manage anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. Observe patients closely for an appropriate period of time after administration of OMLYCLO, taking into account the time to onset of anaphylaxis seen in premarketing clinical trials and postmarketing spontaneous reports [see ADVERSE REACTIONS]. Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis, and instruct them to seek immediate medical care should signs or symptoms occur.
Once OMLYCLO therapy has been established, administration of OMLYCLO prefilled syringe outside of a healthcare setting by a patient or a caregiver may be appropriate for selected patients. Patient selection, determined by the healthcare provider in consultation with the patient, should take into account the pattern of anaphylaxis events seen in premarketing clinical trials and postmarketing spontaneous reports, as well as individual patient risk factors (e.g., prior history of anaphylaxis), ability to recognize signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis, and ability to perform subcutaneous injections with OMLYCLO prefilled syringe with proper technique according to the prescribed dosing regimen and Instructions for Use [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Discontinue OMLYCLO in patients who experience a severe hypersensitivity reaction [see CONTRAINDICATIONS].
Malignant neoplasms were observed in 20 of 4,127 (0.5%) omalizumab-treated patients compared with 5 of 2,236 (0.2%) control patients in clinical studies of adults and adolescents ≥12 years of age with asthma and other allergic disorders. The observed malignancies in omalizumab-treated patients were a variety of types, with breast, non-melanoma skin, prostate, melanoma, and parotid occurring more than once, and five other types occurring once each. The majority of patients were observed for less than 1 year. The impact of longer exposure to omalizumab products or use in patients at higher risk for malignancy (e.g., elderly, current smokers) is not known.
In a subsequent observational study of 5,007 omalizumab-treated and 2,829 non-omalizumabÂtreated adolescent and adult patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma and a positive skin test reaction or in vitro reactivity to a perennial aeroallergen, patients were followed for up to 5 years. In this study, the incidence rates of primary malignancies (per 1,000 patient years) were similar among omalizumab-treated (12.3) and non-omalizumab-treated patients (13.0) [see ADVERSE REACTIONS]. However, study limitations preclude definitively ruling out a malignancy risk with omalizumab products. Study limitations include: the observational study design, the bias introduced by allowing enrollment of patients previously exposed to omalizumab (88%), enrollment of patients (56%) while a history of cancer or a premalignant condition were study exclusion criteria, and the high study discontinuation rate (44%).
Omalizumab products have not been shown to alleviate asthma exacerbations acutely. Do not use OMLYCLO to treat acute bronchospasm or status asthmaticus. Patients should seek medical advice if their asthma remains uncontrolled or worsens after initiation of treatment with OMLYCLO.
Do not discontinue systemic or inhaled corticosteroids abruptly upon initiation of OMLYCLO therapy for asthma or CRSwNP. Decrease corticosteroids gradually under the direct supervision of a physician. In CSU patients, the use of omalizumab products in combination with corticosteroids has not been evaluated.
In rare cases, patients with asthma on therapy with omalizumab products may present with serious systemic eosinophilia sometimes presenting with clinical features of vasculitis consistent with Churg-Strauss syndrome, a condition which is often treated with systemic corticosteroid therapy. These events usually, but not always, have been associated with the reduction of oral corticosteroid therapy. Physicians should be alert to eosinophilia, vasculitic rash, worsening pulmonary symptoms, cardiac complications, and/or neuropathy presenting in their patients. A causal association between omalizumab products and these underlying conditions has not been established.
In post-approval use, some patients have experienced a constellation of signs and symptoms including arthritis/arthralgia, rash, fever, and lymphadenopathy with an onset 1 to 5 days after the first or subsequent injections of omalizumab products. These signs and symptoms have recurred after additional doses in some patients. Although circulating immune complexes or a skin biopsy consistent with a Type III reaction were not seen with these cases, these signs and symptoms are similar to those seen in patients with serum sickness. Physicians should stop OMLYCLO if a patient develops this constellation of signs and symptoms [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Monitor patients at high risk of geohelminth infection while on OMLYCLO therapy. Insufficient data are available to determine the length of monitoring required for geohelminth infections after stopping omalizumab products treatment.
In a one-year clinical trial conducted in Brazil in adult and adolescent patients at high risk for geohelminthic infections (roundworm, hookworm, whipworm, threadworm), 53% (36/68) of omalizumab-treated patients experienced an infection, as diagnosed by standard stool examination, compared to 42% (29/69) of placebo controls. The point estimate of the odds ratio for infection was 1.96, with a 95% confidence interval (0.88, 4.36) indicating that in this study a patient who had an infection was anywhere from 0.88 to 4.36 times as likely to have received omalizumab than a patient who did not have an infection. Response to appropriate antiÂgeohelminth treatment of infection as measured by stool egg counts was not different between treatment groups.
Serum total IgE levels increase following administration of omalizumab products due to formation of drug:IgE complexes [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY]. Elevated serum total IgE levels may persist for up to 1 year following discontinuation of omalizumab products. Do not use serum total IgE levels obtained less than 1 year following discontinuation to reassess the dosing regimen for asthma, CRSwNP or IgE-mediated food allergy patients, because these levels may not reflect steady-state free IgE levels [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
OMLYCLO should not be used for the emergency treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. In studies to simulate use, some patients and caregivers did not understand that omalizumab products are not intended for the emergency treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. The safety and effectiveness of omalizumab products for emergency treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, have not been established. Instruct patients that OMLYCLO is for maintenance use to reduce allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, while avoiding food allergens.
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Medication Guide and Instructions for Use).
Inform patients of the risk of life-threatening anaphylaxis with OMLYCLO including the following points [see BOXED WARNING and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]:
Advise patients, parents, or caregivers that OMLYCLO should not be used for the emergency treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Instruct patients receiving OMLYCLO not to decrease the dose of, or stop taking any other asthma, CRSwNP, CSU or IgE-mediated food allergy medications or allergen immunotherapy unless otherwise instructed by their physician. Inform patients that they may not see immediate improvement in their asthma, CRSwNP, CSU or IgE-mediated food allergy symptoms after beginning OMLYCLO therapy.
If a patient or caregiver is to administer subcutaneous OMLYCLO prefilled syringe, instruct on injection technique and assess ability to inject subcutaneously to ensure proper administration of OMLYCLO. For patients who require more than 1 injection to complete their prescribed dose, instruct patients to administer all injections consecutively and in one sitting [See DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS, and INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE].
No long-term studies have been performed in animals to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of omalizumab products.
There were no effects on fertility and reproductive performance in male and female Cynomolgus monkeys that received omalizumab at subcutaneous doses up to 75 mg/kg/week (approximately 5 times the maximum recommended human dose on a mg/kg basis).
A registry study of omalizumab exposure during pregnancy showed no increase in the rate of major birth defects or miscarriage. There was an increased rate of low birth weight among registry infants compared to infants in the other cohorts, despite average gestational age at birth; however, women taking omalizumab during pregnancy also had more severe asthma, which makes it difficult to determine whether the low birth weight is due to the drug or the disease severity [see Data]. There are risks associated with poorly or moderately controlled asthma in pregnancy [see Clinical Considerations].
Human IgG antibodies are known to cross the placental barrier; therefore, omalizumab products may be transmitted from the mother to the developing fetus.
In animal reproduction studies, no evidence of fetal harm was observed in Cynomolgus monkeys with subcutaneous doses of omalizumab up to approximately 5 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) [see Data].
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population(s) is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the US general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
Disease-Associated Maternal And/Or Embryo/Fetal Risk
In women with poorly or moderately controlled asthma, evidence demonstrates that there is an increased risk of preeclampsia in the mother and prematurity, low birth weight, and small for gestational age in the neonate. The level of asthma control should be closely monitored in pregnant women and treatment adjusted as necessary to maintain optimal control.
Human Data
A prospective cohort pregnancy exposure registry study conducted in the US from 2006 to 2018, included 250 pregnant women with asthma treated with omalizumab. Of these, 246 patients were exposed to omalizumab in the first trimester of pregnancy, and the median exposure duration was 8.7 months.
The registry findings for applicable mother and infant subgroups were compared to age-adjusted frequencies in a disease-matched external cohort of 1,153 pregnant women with asthma (without exposure to omalizumab) identified from healthcare databases of residents in the Canadian province of Quebec, and referred to as the Quebec External Comparator Cohort (“comparator cohort”).
Among applicable registry infants, the prevalence of major congenital anomalies (8.1%) was similar to that for infants in the comparator cohort (8.9%). Among applicable registry pregnancies, 99.1% led to live births, similar to 99.3% for the comparator cohort. There was an increased rate of low birth weight among registry infants (13.7%) as compared to the comparator cohort (9.8%); however, women taking omalizumab during pregnancy also had more severe asthma, which makes it difficult to determine whether the low birth weight is due to the drug or the disease severity.
The registry study cannot definitively establish the absence of any risk because of methodological limitations, including the observational nature of the registry, small sample size, and potential differences between the registry population and the comparator cohort.
Animal Data
Reproductive studies have been performed in Cynomolgus monkeys. There was no evidence of maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity, or teratogenicity when omalizumab was administered throughout the period of organogenesis at doses that produced exposures approximately 5 times the MRHD (on a mg/kg basis with maternal subcutaneous doses up to 75 mg/kg/week). Omalizumab did not elicit adverse effects on fetal or neonatal growth when administered throughout late gestation, delivery, and nursing.
There is no information regarding the presence of omalizumab products in human milk, or the effects on milk production. However, omalizumab products are human monoclonal antibodies (IgG1 kappa), and immunoglobulin (IgG) is present in human milk in small amounts.
The majority of infants (80.9%, 186/230) in the pregnancy exposure registry were breastfed. Events categorized as “infections and infestations” were not significantly increased in infants who were exposed to omalizumab through breastfeeding compared with infants who were not breastfed, or infants who were breastfed without exposure to omalizumab. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for OMLYCLO and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from OMLYCLO or from the underlying maternal condition.
Safety and effectiveness of OMLYCLO for moderate to severe persistent asthma who had a positive skin test or in vitro reactivity to a perennial aeroallergen and whose symptoms are inadequately controlled with inhaled corticosteroids, have been established in pediatric patients aged 6 years and older. Use of OMLYCLO for this indication is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of omalizumab. Omalizumab was evaluated in 2 trials in 926 (omalizumab 624; placebo 302) pediatric patients 6 to <12 years of age with moderate to severe persistent asthma who had a positive skin test or in vitro reactivity to a perennial aeroallergen. One trial was a pivotal trial of similar design and conduct to that of adult and adolescent Asthma Trials 1 and 2. The other trial was primarily a safety study and included evaluation of efficacy as a secondary outcome. In the pivotal trial, omalizumab-treated patients had a statistically significant reduction in the rate of exacerbations (exacerbation was defined as worsening of asthma that required treatment with systemic corticosteroids or a doubling of the baseline ICS dose) [see Clinical Studies]. Safety and efficacy of OMLYCLO in pediatric patients with asthma below 6 years of age have not been established.
Safety and effectiveness of OMLYCLO in pediatric patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) below 18 years of age have not been established.
The safety and effectiveness of OMLYCLO for the reduction of allergic reactions (Type I), including anaphylaxis, that may occur with accidental exposure to one or more foods have been established in pediatric patients aged 1 year and older with IgE-mediated food allergy. Use of OMLYCLO for this indication is supported by evidence from an adequate and well-controlled study that included a total of 165 pediatric patients; 61 patients aged 1 year to less than 6 years of age and 104 patients aged 6 to less than 18 years of age. A significantly greater percentage of omalizumab-treated patients compared to placebo-treated patients was able to consume a single dose of food (peanut, cashew, milk, egg) without dose-limiting symptoms [see Clinical Studies].
Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients with IgE-mediated food allergy below 1 year of age have not been established.
The safety and effectiveness of OMLYCLO for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) who remain symptomatic despite H1 antihistamine treatment have been established in pediatric patients aged 12 years and older. Use of OMLYCLO in this population is supported by evidence from adequate and well-controlled studies of omalizumab. Adolescent patients with CSU were evaluated in 39 patients 12 to 17 years of age (omalizumab 29, placebo 10) included in three randomized, placebo-controlled CSU trials. A numerical decrease in weekly itch score was observed, and adverse reactions were similar to those reported in patients 18 years and older.
Safety and effectiveness of OMLYCLO in pediatric patients with CSU below 12 years of age have not been established.
In clinical studies, 134 asthma patients, 20 CRSwNP patients, 37 CSU patients and no IgEÂmediated food allergy patients 65 years of age or older were treated with omalizumab. Although there were no apparent age-related differences observed in these studies, the number of patients aged 65 and over is not sufficient to determine whether they respond differently from younger patients.
No Information provided
OMLYCLO is contraindicated in patients with severe hypersensitivity reaction to omalizumab products or any ingredient of OMLYCLO [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Omalizumab products inhibit the binding of IgE to the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcοRI) on the surface of mast cells, basophils, and dendritic cells, resulting in FcοRI down-regulation on these cells.
In allergic asthmatics, treatment with omalizumab products inhibit IgE-mediated inflammation, as evidenced by reduced blood and tissue eosinophils and reduced inflammatory mediators, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13.
Omalizumab products bind to IgE and lowers free IgE levels. Subsequently, IgE receptors (FcοRI) on cells down-regulate. The mechanism by which these effects of omalizumab products result in an improvement of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) symptoms is unknown.
In clinical studies, serum free IgE levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner within 1 hour following the first dose and maintained between doses. Mean serum free IgE decrease was greater than 96% using recommended doses. Serum total IgE levels (i.e., bound and unbound) increased after the first dose due to the formation of drug:IgE complexes, which have a slower elimination rate compared with free IgE. At 16 weeks after the first dose, average serum total IgE levels were five-fold higher compared with pre-treatment when using standard assays. After discontinuation of omalizumab dosing, the omalizumab -induced increase in total IgE and decrease in free IgE were reversible, with no observed rebound in IgE levels after drug washout. Total IgE levels did not return to pre-treatment levels for up to one year after discontinuation of omalizumab.
In clinical studies in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients, omalizumab treatment led to a reduction in serum free IgE and an increase in serum total IgE levels, similar to the observations in asthma patients. The mean total IgE concentrations at baseline were 168 IU/mL and 218 IU/mL in CRSwNP Trial 1 and 2, respectively. After repeated dosing every 2 or 4 weeks, with dosage and frequency according to Table 3, the mean predose free IgE concentrations at Week 16 were 10.0 IU/mL in CRSwNP Trial 1 and 11.7 IU/mL in CRSwNP Trial 2 and remained stable at 24 weeks of treatment. Total IgE levels in serum increased due to the formation of omalizumab-IgE complexes, which have a slower elimination rate compared with free IgE. After repeated dosing every 2 or 4 weeks, with dosage and frequency according to Table 3, mean and median predose serum total IgE levels at Week 16 were 3-to 4-fold higher compared with pre-treatment levels, and remained stable between 16 and 24 weeks of treatment.
In a clinical study in patients with IgE-mediated food allergy, omalizumab treatment led to a reduction in serum free IgE and an increase in serum total IgE levels, similar to the observations in asthma patients. The mean total IgE concentration at baseline was 810 IU/mL. After repeated dosing every 2 or 4 weeks, with dosage and frequency according to Table 4, the mean pre-dose free IgE concentration at Week 16 was 10.0 IU/mL. Mean total IgE levels in serum increased about 2.4-fold due to the formation of omalizumab-IgE complexes, which have a longer half-life compared with free IgE.
In clinical studies in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) patients, omalizumab treatment led to a dose-dependent reduction of serum free IgE and an increase of serum total IgE levels, similar to the observations in asthma patients. Maximum suppression of free IgE was observed 3 days following the first subcutaneous dose. After repeat dosing once every 4 weeks, predose serum free IgE levels remained stable between 12 and 24 weeks of treatment. Total IgE levels in serum increased after the first dose due to the formation of omalizumab-IgE complexes which have a slower elimination rate compared with free IgE. After repeat dosing once every 4 weeks at 75 mg up to 300 mg, average predose serum total IgE levels at Week 12 were two-to three-fold higher compared with pre-treatment levels, and remained stable between 12 and 24 weeks of treatment. After discontinuation of omalizumab dosing, free IgE levels increased and total IgE levels decreased towards pre-treatment levels over a 16-week follow-up period.
After SC administration, omalizumab was absorbed with an average absolute bioavailability of 62%. Following a single SC dose in adult and adolescent patients with asthma, omalizumab was absorbed slowly, reaching peak serum concentrations after an average of 7– 8 days. In patients with CSU, the peak serum concentration was reached at a similar time after a single SC dose. The pharmacokinetics of omalizumab was linear at doses greater than 0.5 mg/kg. In patients with asthma, following multiple doses of omalizumab, areas under the serum concentration-time curve from Day 0 to Day 14 at steady state were up to 6-fold of those after the first dose. In patients with CSU, omalizumab exhibited linear pharmacokinetics across the dose range of 75 mg to 600 mg given as single subcutaneous dose. Following repeat dosing from 75 to 300 mg every 4 weeks, trough serum concentrations of omalizumab increased proportionally with the dose levels.
In vitro, omalizumab formed complexes of limited size with IgE. Precipitating complexes and complexes larger than 1 million daltons in molecular weight were not observed in vitro or in vivo. Tissue distribution studies in Cynomolgus monkeys showed no specific uptake of 125IÂomalizumab by any organ or tissue. The apparent volume of distribution of omalizumab in patients with asthma following SC administration was 78 ± 32 mL/kg. In patients with CSU, based on population pharmacokinetics, distribution of omalizumab was similar to that in patients with asthma.
Clearance of omalizumab involved IgG clearance processes as well as clearance via specific binding and complex formation with its target ligand, IgE. Liver elimination of IgG included degradation in the liver reticuloendothelial system (RES) and endothelial cells. Intact IgG was also excreted in bile. In studies with mice and monkeys, drug:IgE complexes were eliminated by interactions with Fcγ receptors within the RES at rates that were generally faster than IgG clearance. In asthma patients omalizumab serum elimination half-life averaged 26 days, with apparent clearance averaging 2.4 ± 1.1 mL/kg/day.
Doubling body weight approximately doubled apparent clearance. In CSU patients, at steady state, based on population pharmacokinetics, omalizumab serum elimination half-life averaged 24 days and apparent clearance averaged 240 mL/day (corresponding to 3.0 mL/kg/day for an 80 kg patient).
The population pharmacokinetics of omalizumab was analyzed to evaluate the effects of demographic characteristics in patients with asthma. Analyses of these data suggested that no dose adjustments are necessary for age (6 to 76 years), race, ethnicity, or gender.
The population pharmacokinetics analyses of omalizumab suggested that the pharmacokinetics of omalizumab in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) were consistent with that in asthma. Graphical covariate analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of demographic characteristics and other factors on omalizumab exposure and clinical responses. These analyses demonstrate that no dose adjustments are necessary for age (18 to 75 years) or gender. Race and ethnicity data are too limited in CRSwNP studies to inform dose adjustment.
Population pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses of omalizumab suggested that the PK of omalizumab in patients with IgE-mediated food allergy were generally consistent with that in patients with asthma. Covariate analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of demographic characteristics and other factors on omalizumab exposure and clinical responses. These analyses demonstrate that no dose adjustments are necessary for age (1 year and older), race, ethnicity, or gender.
The population pharmacokinetics of omalizumab was analyzed to evaluate the effects of demographic characteristics and other factors on omalizumab exposure in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Covariate effects were evaluated by analyzing the relationship between omalizumab concentrations and clinical responses. These analyses demonstrate that no dose adjustments are necessary for age (12 to 75 years), race/ethnicity, gender, body weight, body mass index, or baseline IgE level.
The observed incidence of anti-drug antibodies is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in other studies, including those of omalizumab or of other omalizumab products.
Antibodies to omalizumab were detected in approximately 1/1723 (<0.1%) of patients treated with omalizumab in the clinical studies evaluated for asthma in patients 12 years of age and older. In three pediatric studies, antibodies to omalizumab were detected in one patient out of 581 patients 6 to <12 years of age treated with omalizumab and evaluated for antibodies. There were no detectable antibodies in the patients treated in the CSU clinical trials, but due to levels of omalizumab at the time of anti-therapeutic antibody sampling and missing samples for some patients, antibodies to omalizumab could only have been determined in 88% of the 733 patients treated in these clinical studies. The data reflect the percentage of patients whose test results were considered positive for antibodies to omalizumab in ELISA assays and are highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assays.
Anti-drug antibodies were not measured in the CRSwNP or IgE-mediated food allergy trials.
The safety and efficacy of omalizumab were evaluated in three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trials.
The trials enrolled patients 12 to 76 years old, with moderate to severe persistent (NHLBI criteria) asthma for at least one year, and a positive skin test reaction to a perennial aeroallergen. In all trials, omalizumab dosing was based on body weight and baseline serum total IgE concentration. All patients were required to have a baseline IgE between 30 and 700 IU/mL and body weight not more than 150 kg. Patients were treated according to a dosing table to administer at least 0.016 mg/kg/IU (IgE/mL) of omalizumab or a matching volume of placebo over each 4-week period. The maximum omalizumab dose per 4 weeks was 750 mg.
In all three trials an exacerbation was defined as a worsening of asthma that required treatment with systemic corticosteroids or a doubling of the baseline ICS dose. Most exacerbations were managed in the outpatient setting and the majority were treated with systemic steroids. Hospitalization rates were not significantly different between omalizumab and placebo-treated patients; however, the overall hospitalization rate was small. Among those patients who experienced an exacerbation, the distribution of exacerbation severity was similar between treatment groups.
Asthma Trials 1 And 2
At screening, patients in Asthma Trials 1 and 2 had a forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) between 40% and 80% predicted. All patients had a FEV1 improvement of at least 12% following beta2-agonist administration. All patients were symptomatic and were being treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and short-acting beta2-agonists. Patients receiving other concomitant controller medications were excluded, and initiation of additional controller medications while on study was prohibited. Patients currently smoking were excluded.
Each trial was comprised of a run-in period to achieve a stable conversion to a common ICS (beclomethasone dipropionate), followed by randomization to omalizumab or placebo. Patients received omalizumab for 16 weeks with an unchanged corticosteroid dose unless an acute exacerbation necessitated an increase. Patients then entered an ICS reduction phase of 12 weeks during which ICS dose reduction was attempted in a step-wise manner.
The distribution of the number of asthma exacerbations per patient in each group during a study was analyzed separately for the stable steroid and steroid-reduction periods.
In both Asthma Trials 1 and 2 the number of exacerbations per patient was reduced in patients treated with omalizumab compared with placebo (Table 10).
Measures of airflow (FEV1) and asthma symptoms were also evaluated in these trials. The clinical relevance of the treatment-associated differences is unknown. Results from the stable steroid phase Asthma Trial 1 are shown in Table 11. Results from the stable steroid phase of Asthma Trial 2 and the steroid reduction phases of both Asthma Trials 1 and 2 were similar to those presented in Table 11.
Table 10: Frequency of Asthma Exacerbations per
Patient by Phase in Asthma Trials 1 and 2
| Exacerbations per patient | Stable Steroid Phase (16 wks) | |||
| Asthma Trial 1 | Asthma Trial 2 | |||
| omalizumab N=268 |
Placebo N=257 |
omalizumab N=274 |
Placebo N=272 |
|
| 0 | 85.8% | 76.7% | 87.6% | 69.9% |
| 1 | 11.9% | 16.7% | 11.3% | 25.0% |
| ≥2 | 2.2% | 6.6% | 1.1% | 5.1% |
| p-Value | 0.005 | <0.001 | ||
| Mean number exacerbations/patient | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
| 0 | 78.7% | 67.7% | 83.9% | 70.2% |
| 1 | 19.0% | 28.4% | 14.2% | 26.1% |
| ≥2 | 2.2% | 3.9% | 1.8% | 3.7% |
| p-Value | 0.004 | <0.001 | ||
| Mean number exacerbations/patient | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
Table 11: Asthma Symptoms and Pulmonary Function
During Stable Steroid Phase of Asthma Trial 1
| Endpoint | omalizumab N=268* |
Placebo N=257* |
||
| Mean Baseline | Median Change (Baseline to Wk 16) | Mean Baseline | Median Change (Baseline to Wk 16) | |
| Total asthma symptom score | 4.3 | -1.5† | 4.2 | -1.1† |
| Nocturnal asthma score | 1.2 | -0.4† | 1.1 | -0.2† |
| Daytime asthma score | 2.3 | -0.9† | 2.3 | -0.6† |
| FEV1 % predicted | 68 | 3† | 68 | 0† |
| Asthma symptom scale: total score from 0 (least) to 9
(most); nocturnal and daytime scores from 0 (least) to 4 (most symptoms). * Number of patients available for analysis ranges 255-258 in the omalizumab group and 238-239 in the placebo group. † Comparisonofomalizumabversusplacebo(p<0.05). |
||||
Asthma Trial 3
In Asthma Trial 3, there was no restriction on screening FEV1, and unlike Asthma Trials 1 and 2, long-acting beta2-agonists were allowed. Patients were receiving at least 1000 μg/day fluticasone propionate and a subset was also receiving oral corticosteroids. Patients receiving other concomitant controller medications were excluded, and initiation of additional controller medications while on study was prohibited. Patients currently smoking were excluded.
The trial was comprised of a run-in period to achieve a stable conversion to a common ICS (fluticasone propionate), followed by randomization to omalizumab or placebo. Patients were stratified by use of ICS-only or ICS with concomitant use of oral steroids. Patients received omalizumab for 16 weeks with an unchanged corticosteroid dose unless an acute exacerbation necessitated an increase. Patients then entered an ICS reduction phase of 16 weeks during which ICS or oral steroid dose reduction was attempted in a step-wise manner.
The number of exacerbations in patients treated with omalizumab was similar to that in placebo-treated patients (Table 12). The absence of an observed treatment effect may be related to differences in the patient population compared with Asthma Trials 1 and 2, study sample size, or other factors.
Table 12: Percentage of Patients with Asthma
Exacerbations by Subgroup and Asthma Phase in Trial 3
| Stable Steroid Phase (16 wks) | ||||
| Inhaled Only | Oral + Inhaled | |||
| omalizumab N=126 |
Placebo N=120 |
omalizumab N=50 |
Placebo N=45 |
|
| % Patients with ≥1 exacerbations | 15.9% | 15.0% | 32.0% | 22.2% |
| Difference (95% CI) | 0.9 (-9.7, 13.7) | 9.8 (-10.5, 31.4) | ||
| Steroid Reduction Phase (16 wks) | ||||
| omalizumab N=126 |
Placebo N=120 |
omalizumab N=50 |
Placebo N=45 |
|
| % Patients with ≥1 exacerbations | 22.2% | 26.7% | 42.0% | 42.2% |
| Difference (95% CI) | 1 . I 7. 4 4) | -0.2 (-22.4, 20.1) | ||
In all three of the trials, a reduction of asthma exacerbations was not observed in the omalizumabÂtreated patients who had FEV1>80% at the time of randomization. Reductions in exacerbations were not seen in patients who required oral steroids as maintenance therapy.
The safety and efficacy of omalizumab in pediatric patients 6 to <12 years of age with moderate to severe asthma is based on one randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, multi-center trial (Asthma Trial 4 [NCT00079937]) and an additional supportive study (Asthma Trial 5).
Asthma Trial 4 was a 52-week study that evaluated the safety and efficacy of omalizumab as add-on therapy in 628 pediatric patients ages 6 to <12 years with moderate to severe asthma inadequately controlled despite the use of inhaled corticosteroids (fluticasone propionate DPI ≥200 mcg/day or equivalent) with or without other controller asthma medications. Eligible patients were those with a diagnosis of asthma >1 year, a positive skin prick test to at least one perennial aeroallergen, and a history of clinical features such as daytime and/or night-time symptoms and exacerbations within the year prior to study entry. During the first 24 weeks of treatment, steroid doses remained constant from baseline. This was followed by a 28-week period during which inhaled corticosteroid adjustment was allowed.
The primary efficacy variable was the rate of asthma exacerbations during the 24-week, fixed steroid treatment phase. An asthma exacerbation was defined as a worsening of asthma symptoms as judged clinically by the investigator, requiring doubling of the baseline inhaled corticosteroid dose for at least 3 days and/or treatment with rescue systemic (oral or IV) corticosteroids for at least 3 days. At 24 weeks, the omalizumab group had a statistically significantly lower rate of asthma exacerbations (0.45 vs. 0.64) with an estimated rate ratio of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.53, 0.90).
The omalizumab group also had a lower rate of asthma exacerbations compared to placebo over the full 52-week double-blind treatment period (0.78 vs. 1.36; rate ratio: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.72). Other efficacy variables such as nocturnal symptom scores, beta-agonist use, and measures of airflow (FEV1) were not significantly different in omalizumab-treated patients compared to placebo.
Asthma Trial 5 was a 28-week randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study that primarily evaluated safety in 334 pediatric patients, 298 of whom were 6 to <12 years of age, with moderate to severe asthma who were well-controlled with inhaled corticosteroids (beclomethasone dipropionate 168-420 mcg/day). A 16-week steroid treatment period was followed by a 12-week steroid dose reduction period. Patients treated with omalizumab had fewer asthma exacerbations compared to placebo during both the 16-week fixed steroid treatment period (0.18 vs. 0.32; rate ratio: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.96) and the 28-week treatment period (0.38 vs. 0.76; rate ratio: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.71).
The safety and efficacy of omalizumab was evaluated in two, randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials (CRSwNP Trial 1 [NCT03280550] and CRSwNP Trial 2 [NCT03280537]) that enrolled patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) with inadequate response to nasal corticosteroids (CRSwNP Trial 1, n=138; CRSwNP Trial 2, n=127). Patients received omalizumab or placebo SC every 2 or 4 weeks, with omalizumab dosage and frequency according to Table 3, for 24 weeks followed by a 4-week follow-up period. All patients received background nasal mometasone therapy during both the treatment period and during a 5Âweek run-in period. Prior to randomization, patients were required to have evidence of bilateral polyps as determined by a nasal polyp score (NPS) ≥ 5 with NPS ≥ 2 in each nostril, despite use of nasal mometasone during the run-in period. NPS was measured via endoscopy and scored (range 0-4 per nostril: 0= no polyps; 1=small polyps in the middle meatus not reaching below the inferior border of the middle turbinate; 2=polyps reaching below the lower border of the middle turbinate; 3=large polyps reaching the lower border of the inferior turbinate or polyps medial to the middle turbinate; 4=large polyps causing complete obstruction of the inferior nasal cavity) for a total NPS (range 0-8). Patients were furthermore required to have a weekly average of nasal congestion score (NCS) > 1 prior to randomization, despite use of nasal mometasone. Nasal congestion was measured by a daily assessment on a 0 to 3 point severity scale (0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=severe). Prior sino-nasal surgery or prior systemic corticosteroid usage were not required for inclusion in the trials and sinus CT scans were not performed to evaluate for sinus opacification.
Demographics and baseline characteristics, including allergic comorbidities, are described in Table 13.
Table 13: Demographics and Baseline Characteristics of
CRSwNP Trials 1 and 2
| Parameter | CRSwNP Trial 1 (n=138) |
CRSwNP Trial 2 (n=127) |
| Mean age (years) (SD) | 51 (13) | 50 (12) |
| % Male | 64 | 65 |
| Patients with systemic corticosteroid use in the previous year (%) | 19 | 26 |
| Patients with prior surgery for nasal polyps (%) | 79 (57) | 79 (62) |
| Mean bilateral endoscopic NPS (SD), range 0-8 | 6.2 (1.0) | 6.3 (0.9) |
| Mean nasal congestion score (SD) range 0-3 | 2.4 (0.6) | 2.3 (0.7) |
| Mean sense of smell score (SD) range 0-3 | 2.7 (0.7) | 2.7 (0.7) |
| Mean post nasal drip score (SD) range 0-3 | 1.8 (0.9) | 1.7 (0.9) |
| Mean runny nose score (SD) range 0-3 | 2.0 (0.8) | 1.9 (0.9) |
| Mean blood eosinophils (cells/mcL) (SD) | 346 (284) | 335 (188) |
| Mean total IgE IU/mL (SD) | 161 (140) | 190 (201) |
| Asthma (%) | 54 | 61 |
| Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (%) | 20 | 35 |
| CRSwNP= chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; SD=standard deviation; NPS=nasal polyp score; IgE = Immunoglobulin E; IU=international units. For NPS, NCS, sense of smell, post nasal drip, and runny nose, higher scores indicate greater disease severity. | ||
The co-primary endpoints in CRSwNP Trials 1 and 2 were NPS and average daily NCS at Week 24. In both trials, patients who received omalizumab had a statistically significant greater improvement from baseline at Week 24 in NPS and weekly average NCS, than patients who received placebo. Results from CRSwNP Trials 1 and 2 are shown in Table 14.
The greater improvements in NPS and NCS in the omalizumab group compared to the placebo group were observed as early as the first assessment at Week 4 in both studies, as seen in Figure 1.
Table 14: Change from Baseline at Week 24 in Nasal
Polyp Score and 7-day Average of Daily Nasal Congestion Score in CRSwNP Trials
1 and 2
| Trial 1 | Trial 2 | |||
| Placebo | omalizumab | Placebo | omalizumab | |
| Number of patients | 65 | 72 | 65 | 62 |
| Nasal Polyp Score | ||||
| Mean Baseline Score | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.4 |
| LS Mean Change From Baseline at Week 24 | 0.1 | -1.1 | -0.3 | -0.9 |
| Difference in LS means vs. placebo | -1.1 | -0.6 | ||
| 95% CI for difference | -1.6,-0.7 | -1.1, -0.1 | ||
| p-value | <0.0001 | 0.0140 | ||
| 7-day Average of Daily Nasal Congestion Score | ||||
| Mean Baseline Score | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
| LS Mean Change From Baseline at Week 24 | -0.4 | -0.9 | -0.2 | -0.7 |
| Difference in LS means vs. placebo | -0.6 | -0.5 | ||
| 95% CI for difference | -0.8, -0.3 | -0.8, -0.2 | ||
| p-value | 0.0004 | 0.0017 | ||
| CRSwNP= chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; LS=least-square. Change from baseline was analyzed using a mixed-effect model of repeated measures (MMRM) model with baseline score, baseline score/timepoint (week) interaction as covariates, and the following factors: geographic region, asthma/aspirin sensitivity comorbidity status, timepoint, treatment group, treatment/timepoint interaction. | ||||
The mean NPS and NCS at each study week by treatment group is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Mean Change from Baseline in Nasal
Congestion Score and Mean Change from Baseline in Nasal Polyp Score by
Treatment Group in CRSwNP Trials 1 and 2
 |
Omalizumab had statistically significant improvements on sense of smell score compared to placebo. Sense of smell was measured by a daily assessment on a 0 to 3 point severity scale (0=no symptoms, 1=mild symptoms, 2=moderate symptoms, 3=severe symptoms). The LS mean difference for change from baseline at Week 24 in sense of smell score in omalizumab compared to placebo was -0.3 (95% CI: -0.6, -0.1) in CRSwNP Trial 1 and -0.5 (95% CI: -0.7, -0.2) in CRSwNP Trial 2.
Omalizumab had statistically significant improvements on post-nasal drip compared to placebo. The LS mean difference for change from baseline at Week 24 in post-nasal drip score in omalizumab compared to placebo was -0.6 (95% CI: -0.8, -0.3) in CRSwNP Trial 1 and -0.5 (95% CI: -0.8, -0.3) in CRSwNP Trial 2.
Omalizumab had statistically significant improvements on runny nose compared to placebo. The LS mean difference for change from baseline at Week 24 in runny nose score in omalizumab compared to placebo was -0.4 (95% CI: -0.7, -0.2) in CRSwNP Trial 1 and -0.6 (95% CI: -0.9, Â0.4) in CRSwNP Trial 2.
In a pre-specified pooled analysis of systemic corticosteroid use during the 24-week treatment period, there was no significant reduction in systemic corticosteroid use between the treatment arms. The proportion of patients taking systemic corticosteroid in omalizumab was 2.3% compared to 6.2% in placebo. The odds-ratio of systemic corticosteroid use with omalizumab compared to placebo was 0.4 (95% CI: 0.1, 1.5).
There were no sino-nasal surgeries reported, in either placebo or omalizumab arms, in either Trial.
The safety and efficacy of omalizumab was evaluated in a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Food Allergy (FA) trial [NCT03881696] in 168 adult patients and pediatric patients 1 year of age to less than 56 years who were allergic to peanut and at least two other foods, including milk, egg, wheat, cashew, hazelnut, or walnut (i.e., studied foods). The FA trial enrolled patients who experienced dose-limiting symptoms (e.g., moderate to severe skin, respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms) to a single dose of ≤100 mg of peanut protein and ≤300 mg protein for each of the other two foods (milk, egg, wheat, cashew, hazelnut, or walnut) during the screening double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). Patients with a history of severe anaphylaxis (defined as neurological compromise or requiring intubation) were excluded from the study. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive a subcutaneous dosage of omalizumab or placebo based on serum total IgE level (IU/mL), measured before the start of treatment, and by body weight according to Table 4 [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION] for 16 to 20 weeks. After 16 to 20 weeks of treatment, each patient completed a DBPCFC consisting of placebo and each of their 3 studied foods. Following the DBPCFC, the first 60 patients that included 59 pediatric patients and one adult patient who completed the double-blind, placebo-controlled phase of the study could continue to receive omalizumab in a 24 to 28 week open-label extension.
Efficacy of omalizumab is based on 165 pediatric patients who were included in the efficacy analyses provided below. The mean age of the pediatric patients was 8 years (age range: 1 to 17 years); 37% were less than 6 years of age, 38% were 6 to less than 12 years of age, and 25% were 12 to less than 18 years of age. Patient population were 56% male, 63% White, 13% Asian, 7% Black, 16% Other, and 55% of patients had a history of asthma.
The primary efficacy endpoint was the percentage of patients who were able to consume a single dose of ≥600 mg of peanut protein without dose-limiting symptoms (e.g., moderate to severe skin, respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms) during DBPCFC. Table 15 shows omalizumab treatment led to a statistically higher response rate (68%) than placebo (5%).
The secondary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients who were able to consume a single dose of ≥1000 mg of cashew, milk, or egg protein without dose-limiting symptoms during DBPCFC. The study met the secondary endpoints and demonstrated that omalizumab treatment led to statistically higher response rates than placebo for all three foods. See Table 15 for details.
Table 15: DBPCFC Response Rates in Pediatric Patients
for Single Dose of Peanut, Cashew, Milk or Egg Protein in FA Trial
| Food, Challenge Dose | Response Ratea (%) (n/N) | Treatment Difference (%) (Omalizumab-Placebo) (95% CI) | |
| Omalizumab | Placebo | ||
| Peanut, ≥600 mg | 68% (75/110) | 5% (3/55) | 63% (50%, 73%) |
| Peanut, ≥1000 mgb | 65% (72/110) | 0% (0/55) | 65% (56%, 74%) |
| Cashew, ≥1000 mg | 42% (27/64) | 3% (1/30) | 39% (20%, 53%) |
| Milk, ≥1000 mg | 66% (25/38) | 11% (2/19) | 55% (29%, 73%) |
| Egg, ≥1000 mg | 67% (31/46) | 0% (0/19) | 67% (49%, 80%) |
| CI = Confidence interval; DBPCFC = Double-blind
placebo-controlled food challenge; n = Number of responders; N = Total number
of patients receiving food, challenge dose. aResponse defined as consumption of a single dose of the specified amount of food without dose-limiting symptoms. bConsumption of a single dose of ≥1000 mg of peanut protein was an additional secondary endpoint. The key secondary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients who were able to consume a single dose of ≥1000 mg of cashew, milk, or egg protein. Notes: Subjects without an exit DBPCFC or evaluable exit DBPCFC were counted as non-responders; P-values from two-sided Fisher’s exact tests were <0.0001 for all the food challenge doses. |
|||
Seventeen percent of omalizumab treated patients were not able to consume >100 mg of peanut protein without moderate to severe dose-limiting symptoms. Eighteen, 22, and 41 percent of omalizumab-treated patients were not able to consume >300 mg of milk, egg, or cashew protein, respectively, without moderate to severe dose-limiting symptoms.
Additional secondary analyses included the percentage of patients who were able to consume at least two or all three foods during DBPCFC. For two foods, 71% of omalizumab treated patients were able to consume a single dose of ≥600 mg versus 5% in the placebo group and 67% were able to consume a single dose of ≥1000 mg versus 4% in the placebo group. For a single dose of ≥600 mg of three foods, the response rates were 48% in the omalizumab group versus 4% in the placebo group and for a single dose of ≥1000 mg of three foods, the response rate in the omalizumab group was 39% while none of the placebo patients were able to consume the challenge dose without symptoms.
The effectiveness of omalizumab in adults is supported by the adequate and well-controlled trial of omalizumab in pediatric patients, disease similarity in pediatric and adult patients, and pharmacokinetic (PK) similarity [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
While efficacy cannot be established from uncontrolled, open-label studies, for 38 pediatric patients who continued omalizumab for 24-28 weeks in an open-label extension, the percentage of patients who were able to consume ≥600 mg of peanut protein and ≥1000 mg of egg, milk, and/or cashew protein without moderate to severe dose-limiting symptoms was maintained.
The safety and efficacy of omalizumab for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), previously referred to as chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) was assessed in two placebo-controlled, multiple-dose clinical trials of 24 weeks' duration (CSU Trial 1; n= 319, [NCT01287117]) and 12 weeks' duration (CSU Trial 2; n=322, [NCT01292473]). Patients received omalizumab 75 mg, 150 mg, or 300 mg or placebo by SC injection every 4 weeks in addition to their baseline level of H1 antihistamine therapy for 24 or 12 weeks, followed by a 16Âweek washout observation period. A total of 640 patients (165 males, 475 females) were included for the efficacy analyses. Most patients were white (84%) and the median age was 42 years (range 12–72).
Disease severity was measured by a weekly urticaria activity score (UAS7, range 0–42), which is a composite of the weekly itch severity score (range 0–21) and the weekly hive count score (range 0–21). All patients were required to have a UAS7 of ≥16, and a weekly itch severity score of ≥8 for the 7 days prior to randomization, despite having used an H1 antihistamine for at least 2 weeks.
The mean weekly itch severity scores at baseline were fairly balanced across treatment groups and ranged between 13.7 and 14.5 despite use of an H1 antihistamine at an approved dose. The reported median durations of CSU at enrollment across treatment groups were between 2.5 and 3.9 years (with an overall subject-level range of 0.5 to 66.4 years).
In both CSU Trials 1 and 2, patients who received omalizumab 150 mg or 300 mg had greater decreases from baseline in weekly itch severity scores and weekly hive count scores than placebo at Week 12. Representative results from CSU Trial 1 are shown (Table 16); similar results were observed in CSU Trial 2. The 75-mg dose did not demonstrate consistent evidence of efficacy and is not approved for use.
Table 16: Change from Baseline to Week 12 in Weekly
Itch Severity Score and Weekly Hive Count Score in CSU Trial 1*
| Omalizumab 75 mg | Omalizumab 150 mg | Omalizumab 300 mg | Placebo | |
| n | 77 | 80 | 81 | 80 |
| Weekly Itch Severity Score | ||||
| Mean Baseline Score (SD) | 14.5 (3.6) | 14.1 (3.8) | 14.2 (3.3) | 14.4 (3.5) |
| Mean Change Week 12 (SD) | -6.46 (6.14) | -6.66 (6.28) | -9.40 (5.73) | -3.63 (5.22) |
| Difference in LS means vs. placebo | -2.96 | -2.95 | -5.80 | - |
| 95% CI for difference | -4.71, -1.21 | -4.72, -1.18 | -7.49, -4.10 | - |
| Weekly Hive Count Score† | ||||
| Mean Baseline Score (SD) | 17.2 (4.2) | 16.2 (4.6) | 17.1 (3.8) | 16.7 (4.4) |
| Mean Change Week 12 (SD) | -7.36 (7.52) | -7.78 (7.08) | -11.35 (7.25) | -4.37 (6.60) |
| Difference in LS means vs. placebo | -2.75 | 3.44 | -6.93 | - |
| placebo 95% CI for difference | -4.95, -0.54 | - -5.57, -1.32 | -9.10, -4.76 | - |
| * Modified intent-to-treat (mITT) population: all
patients who were randomized and received at least one dose of study medication. † Score measured on a range of 0–21 |
||||
The mean weekly itch severity score at each study week by treatment groups is shown in Figure 2. Representative results from CSU Trial 1 are shown; similar results were observed in CSU Trial 2. The appropriate duration of therapy for CSU with omalizumab has not been determined.
Figure 2: Mean Weekly Itch Severity Score by Treatment
Group Modified Intent to Treat Patients in CSU Trial 1
 |
In CSU Trial 1, a larger proportion of patients treated with omalizumab 300 mg (36%) reported no itch and no hives (UAS7=0) at Week 12 compared to patients treated with omalizumab 150 mg (15%), omalizumab 75 mg (12%), and placebo group (9%). Similar results were observed in CSU Trial 2.
OMLYCLO®
(OM-ly-clo)
(omalizumab-igec) injection, for subcutaneous use
What is the most important information I should know about OMLYCLO?
OMLYCLO may cause serious side effects, including:
Severe allergic reaction. A severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis can happen when you receive OMLYCLO. The reaction can occur after the first dose, or after many doses. It may also occur right after a OMLYCLO injection or days later. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening condition and can lead to death. Go to the nearest emergency room right away if you have any of these symptoms of an allergic reaction:
Your healthcare provider will monitor you closely for symptoms of an allergic reaction while you are receiving OMLYCLO and for a period of time after treatment is initiated. Your healthcare provider should talk to you about getting medical treatment if you have symptoms of an allergic reaction.
What is OMLYCLO?
OMLYCLO is an injectable prescription medicine used to treat:
OMLYCLO should not be used for the emergency treatment of any allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. OMLYCLO should also not be used to treat other forms of hives, or sudden breathing problems.
Who should not receive and use OMLYCLO?
Do not receive and use OMLYCLO if you:
What should I tell my healthcare provider before receiving OMLYCLO?
Before receiving OMLYCLO, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:
Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
How should I receive and use OMLYCLO?
What are the possible side effects of OMLYCLO?
OMLYCLO may cause serious side effects, including:
The most common side effects of OMLYCLO:
These are not all the possible side effects of OMLYCLO. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
How should I store OMLYCLO?
Keep the OMLYCLO prefilled syringe sharps disposal container and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General information about the safe and effective use of OMLYCLO.
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use OMLYCLO for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give OMLYCLO to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for information about OMLYCLO that is written for health professionals. For more information, call 800-560-9414
What are the ingredients in OMLYCLO?
Active ingredient: omalizumab-igec
Inactive ingredients: Prefilled syringe: arginine hydrochloride, histidine, L-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate, and polysorbate 20
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
OMLYCLO®
[OM-ly-clo] (omalizumab-igec) injection, for subcutaneous use
Read and follow the Instructions for Use that come with your OMLYCLO Prefilled Syringe before you start using it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information.
This information does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment. Before you use OMLYCLO Prefilled Syringe for the first time, make sure your healthcare provider shows you the right way to use it. Contact your healthcare provider if you have any questions.
Do not use OMLYCLO for the emergency treatment of any allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, hives or sudden breathing problems.
For children 12 years of age and older, OMLYCLO Prefilled Syringe may be self-injected under adult supervision. For children 1 to 11 years of age, OMLYCLO Prefilled Syringe should be injected by a caregiver.
OMLYCLO Prefilled Syringes are available in 2 dose strengths (see Figure A). These instructions can be used for both dose strengths. The type of Prefilled Syringe you receive depends on the dose prescribed by your healthcare provider (see Figure C: Dosing Chart). Check the label on the carton and the color of the Plunger rod to make sure that the dose strength is correct.
Figure A
 |
Important safety information
Storing the Prefilled Syringe
Parts of the Prefilled Syringe (see Figure B)
Figure B
 |
Preparing for the Injection
1. Gather the supplies for the injection.
1a. Prepare a clean, flat surface, such as a table or countertop, in a well-lit area.
1b. Take the carton containing the Prefilled Syringe needed to deliver your prescribed dose out of the refrigerator.
Note: Depending on the dose prescribed to you by your healthcare provider you may need to prepare 1 or more Prefilled Syringes and inject the contents of them all. Each OMLYCLO carton contains 1 syringe. If you need more than 1 prefilled syringe to deliver your full dose take all cartons out of the refrigerator at the same time.
The following chart shows how many injections of each dose strength are needed for your prescribed dose (see Figure C: Dosing Chart).
1c. Make sure you have the following supplies:
Carton containing Prefilled Syringe
Not included in the carton:
Figure C: Dosing Chart
 |
2. Check the expiration on the carton (seeFigure D).
Figure D
 |
3. Wait 20 minutes.
3a. Leave the unopened carton containing the Prefilled Syringe at room temperature 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C) for 20 minutes to allow it to warm up (see Figure E).
Figure E
 |
4. Wash your hands.
4a. Wash your hands with soap and water and dry them thoroughly (see Figure F).
Figure F
 |
5. Remove the Prefilled Syringe from the carton.
5a. Open the carton. Gripping from the syringe body lift the Prefilled Syringe from the carton (see Figure G).
Do not touch the Plunger rod or Needle Cap when removing the Prefilled Syringe from carton.
Figure G
 |
6. Inspect the Prefilled Syringe.
6a. Look at the Prefilled Syringe and make sure you have the correct medicine (OMLYCLO) and dosage.
6b. Look at the Prefilled Syringe and make sure it is not cracked or damaged.
6c. Check the expiration date on the label of the Prefilled Syringe (see Figure H).
Note: If the expiration date is not visible in the viewing window, you may rotate the inner barrel using the plunger rod of the Prefilled Syringe until the expiration date becomes visible.
Figure H
 |
7. Inspect the Medicine.
7a. Look at the medicine and confirm that the liquid is clear to cloudy, colorless to pale brownish-yellow, and free of particles (see Figure I).
Do not use the Prefilled Syringe if the liquid is discolored, distinctly cloudy, or contains particles in it.
You may see air bubbles in the liquid. This is normal.
Figure I
 |
8. Choose an injection site (see Figure J)
8a. If you are giving yourself the injection, You can inject into:
The front and middle of thighs.
The stomach area (abdomen) except within the 2-inch (5 cm) area around your belly button (navel).
8b. If a caregiver or Health Care Provider (HCP) are giving the injection, they can use the outer area of the upper arm.
8c. If your prescribed dose requires more than 1 injection, choose a different injection site for each new injection at least 1 inch (2.5 cm) away from the area used for the last injection.
Figure J
 |
9. Clean the injection site.
9a. Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab using a circular motion (see Figure K).
9b. Let the skin dry before injecting.
Figure K
 |
Giving the Injection
10. Remove the Cap.
10a. Hold the Prefilled Syringe by the syringe body in one hand. Gently pull the Cap straight off with the other hand (See Figure L).
Figure L
 |
11. Insert the Prefilled Syringe into the injection site.
11a. Gently pinch a fold of skin at the injection site with one hand.
Note: Pinching the skin is important to make sure that you inject under the skin (into the fatty area) but not any deeper (into muscle).
11b. With a quick and “dart-like” motion, insert the Needle completely into the fold of skin at a 45 to 90-degree angle (see Figure M).
Note: It is important to use the correct angle to make sure the medicine is delivered under the skin (into the fatty area), or the injection could be uncomfortable and the medicine may not work.
Do not touch the Plunger rod while inserting the Needle into the skin.
Do not insert the needle through clothing.
Hold the syringe tightly in place and do not change the angle of injection or insert the needle again. The patient should not move and should avoid sudden movements throughout the injection.
Figure M
 |
12. Give the injection.
12a. After the Needle is inserted, release the pinch.
12b. Slowly push the Plunger rod all the way down until the full dose of medicine gets injected, and the syringe is empty (see Figure N).
Do not change the position of the Prefilled Syringe after the injection has started.
If the Plunger rod is not fully pressed, the Needle Shield will not extend to cover the needle when it is removed.
Figure N
 |
13. Remove the Prefilled Syringe from the injection site.
13a. After the Prefilled Syringe is empty, slowly lift your thumb from the Plunger rod until the Needle is completely covered by the Needle Shield (see Figure O).
Figure O
 |
14. Care for the injection site.
14a. If some bleeding happens, treat the injection site by gently pressing, not rubbing, a cotton ball or gauze to the site and apply an adhesive bandage if needed.
15. If your prescribed dose requires more than 1 injection:
15a. Throw away the used prefilled syringe as described in Step 16 and Figure P.
15b. Repeat Step 2 through Step 14 for the next injection using a new prefilled syringe.
15c. Choose a different injection site for each new injection at least 1 inch from other injection sites.
15d. Complete all the required injections for your prescribed dose, right away one after another. Contact your healthcare provider if you have any questions.
After the injection
16. Dispose of the Prefilled Syringe.
16a. Put the used Prefilled Syringe in a sharps disposal container right away after use (see Figure P).
If you do not have an FDA-cleared sharps disposal container, you may use a household container that is:
Figure P
 |
This Instructions for Use has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
