Warnings for Mydayis
Included as part of the "PRECAUTIONS" Section
Precautions for Mydayis
Abuse, Misuse, And Addiction
MYDAYIS has a high potential for abuse and misuse. The use of MYDAYIS exposes individuals to the risks of abuse and misuse, which can lead to the development of a substance use disorder, including addiction. MYDAYIS can be diverted for non-medical use into illicit channels or distribution [see Drug Abuse And Dependence]. Misuse and abuse of CNS stimulants, including MYDAYIS, can result in overdose and death [see OVERDOSE], and this risk is increased with higher doses or unapproved methods of administration, such as snorting or injection.
Before prescribing MYDAYIS, assess each patient’s risk for abuse, misuse, and addiction. Educate patients and their families about these risks and proper disposal of any unused drug. Advise patients to store MYDAYIS in a safe place, preferably locked, and instruct patients to not give MYDAYIS to anyone else. Throughout MYDAYIS treatment, reassess each patient’s risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction and frequently monitor for signs and symptoms of abuse, misuse, and addiction.
Risks To Patients With Serious Cardiac Disease
Sudden death has been reported in patients with structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious cardiac disease who were treated with CNS stimulants at the recommended ADHD dosage.
Avoid MYDAYIS use in patients with known structural cardiac abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, serious cardiac arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, or other serious cardiac disease.
Increased Blood Pressure And Heart Rate
CNS stimulants cause an increase in blood pressure (mean increase about 2 to 4 mmHg) and heart rate (mean increase about 3 to 6 bpm). Some patients may have larger increases.
Monitor all MYDAYIS-treated patients for potential tachycardia and hypertension [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Psychiatric Adverse Reactions
Exacerbation Of Pre-Existing Psychosis
CNS stimulants may exacerbate symptoms of behavior disturbance and thought disorder in patients with a pre-existing psychotic disorder.
Induction Of A Manic Episode In Patients With Bipolar Disorder
CNS stimulants may induce a manic or mixed episode in patients with bipolar disorder. Prior to initiating MYDAYIS treatment, screen patients for risk factors for developing a manic episode (e.g., comorbid or history of depressive symptoms or a family history of suicide, bipolar disorder, and depression).
New Psychotic Or Manic Symptoms
CNS stimulants, at the recommended dosage, may cause psychotic or manic symptoms, e.g., hallucinations, delusional thinking, or mania in patients without a prior history of psychotic illness or mania. In a pooled analysis of multiple short-term, placebo-controlled studies of CNS stimulants, psychotic or manic symptoms occurred in approximately 0.1% of CNS stimulant-treated patients compared to 0% of placebo-treated patients. If such symptoms occur, consider discontinuing MYDAYIS.
Long-Term Suppression Of Growth In Pediatric Patients
CNS stimulants have been associated with weight loss and slowing of growth rate in pediatric patients.
In a 4 week, placebo-controlled trial of MYDAYIS in patients ages 6 to 17 years old with ADHD, there was a decrease in weight in the MYDAYIS groups compared to weight gain in the placebo group [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Closely monitor growth (weight and height) in MYDAYIS-treated pediatric patients. Pediatric patients who are not growing or gaining weight as expected may need to have their treatment interrupted. MYDAYIS is not approved for use in pediatric patients 12 years and younger [see Use In Specific Populations].
Peripheral Vasculopathy, Including Raynaud’s Phenomenon
CNS stimulants, including MYDAYIS, used to treat ADHD are associated with peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud’s phenomenon. Signs and symptoms are usually intermittent and mild; however, sequelae have included digital ulceration and/or soft tissue breakdown. Effects of peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud’s phenomenon, were observed in post-marketing reports and at the therapeutic dosage of CNS stimulants in all age groups throughout the course of treatment. Signs and symptoms generally improved after dosage reduction or discontinuation of the CNS stimulant.
Careful observation for digital changes is necessary during MYDAYIS treatment. Further clinical evaluation (e.g., rheumatology referral) may be appropriate for MYDAYIS-treated patients who develop signs or symptoms of peripheral vasculopathy.
Seizures
MYDAYIS may lower the convulsive threshold in patients with prior history of seizure, in patients with prior EEG abnormalities in the absence of seizures, and in patients without a history of seizures and no prior EEG evidence of seizures. In the presence of seizures, MYDAYIS should be discontinued.
Serotonin Syndrome
Serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening reaction, may occur when amphetamines are used in combination with other drugs that affect the serotonergic neurotransmitter systems such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, lithium, tramadol, tryptophan, buspirone, and St. John’s Wort [see DRUG INTERACTIONS]. The coadministration with cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) inhibitors may also increase the risk with increased exposure to MYDAYIS. In these situations, consider an alternative nonserotonergic drug or an alternative drug that does not inhibit CYP2D6 [see DRUG INTERACTIONS].
Serotonin syndrome symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, delirium, and coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, dizziness, diaphoresis, flushing, hyperthermia), neuromuscular symptoms (e.g., tremor, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperreflexia, incoordination), seizures, and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea).
Concomitant use of MYDAYIS with MAOI drugs is contraindicated [see CONTRAINDICATIONS].
Discontinue treatment with MYDAYIS and any concomitant serotonergic agents immediately if the above symptoms occur, and initiate supportive symptomatic treatment. If concomitant use of MYDAYIS with other serotonergic drugs or CYP2D6 inhibitors is clinically warranted, initiate MYDAYIS with lower doses, monitor patients for the emergence of serotonin syndrome during drug initiation or titration, and inform patients of the increased risk for serotonin syndrome.
Potential for Overdose Due To Medication Errors
Medication errors, including substitution and dispensing errors, between MYDAYIS and other amphetamine products could occur, leading to possible overdosage. To avoid substitution errors and overdosage, do not substitute for other amphetamine products on a milligram-per-milligram basis because of different amphetamine base compositions and differing pharmacokinetic profiles [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION and OVERDOSE].
Motor And Verbal Tics, And Worsening Of Tourette’s Syndrome
CNS stimulants, including amphetamine, have been associated with the onset or exacerbation of motor and verbal tics. Worsening of Tourette’s syndrome has also been reported [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Before initiating MYDAYIS, assess the family history and clinically evaluate patients for tics or Tourette’s syndrome. Regularly monitor MYDAYIS-treated patients for the emergence or worsening of tics or Tourette’s syndrome, and discontinue treatment if clinically appropriate.
Patient Counseling Information
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Medication Guide).
Abuse, Misuse, And Addiction
Educate patients and their families about the risks of abuse, misuse, and addiction of MYDAYIS, which can lead to overdose and death, and proper disposal of any unused drug [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and Drug Abuse And Dependence and OVERDOSE]. Advise patients to store MYDAYIS in a safe place, preferably locked, and instruct patients to not give MYDAYIS to anyone else.
Risks To Patients With Serious Cardiac Disease
Advise patients that there are potential risks to patients with serious cardiac disease, including sudden death with MYDAYIS use. Instruct patients to contact a healthcare provider immediately if they develop symptoms such as exertional chest pain, unexplained syncope, or other symptoms suggestive of cardiac disease [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Increased Blood Pressure And Heart Rate
Instruct patients that MYDAYIS can cause elevations of their blood pressure and pulse rate and they should be monitored for such effects [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Psychiatric Adverse Reactions
Advise patients that MYDAYIS, at recommended doses, may cause psychotic or manic symptoms even in patients without prior history of psychotic symptoms or mania [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Long-Term Suppression Of Growth In Pediatric Patients
Advise patients, family members, and caregivers that MYDAYIS may cause slowing of growth including weight loss [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Circulation Problems In Fingers And Toes [Peripheral Vasculopathy, Including Raynaud’s Phenomenon]
Instruct patients beginning treatment with MYDAYIS about the risk of peripheral vasculopathy, including Raynaud’s phenomenon, and associated signs and symptoms: fingers or toes may feel numb, cool, painful, and/or may change from pale, to blue, to red. Instruct patients to report to their physician any new numbness, pain, skin color change, or sensitivity to temperature in fingers or toes. Instruct patients to call their physician immediately with any signs of unexplained wounds appearing on fingers or toes while taking MYDAYIS. Further clinical evaluation (e.g., rheumatology referral) may be appropriate for certain patients [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Seizures
Caution patient that MYDAYIS may lower the convulsive threshold. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately and to discontinue MYDAYIS if a seizure occurs [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Serotonin Syndrome
Caution patients about the risk of serotonin syndrome with concomitant use of MYDAYIS and other serotonergic drugs including SSRIs, SNRIs, triptans, tricyclic antidepressants, fentanyl, lithium, tramadol, tryptophan, buspirone, St. John’s Wort, and with drugs that impair metabolism of serotonin (in particular MAOIs, both those intended to treat psychiatric disorders and also others such as linezolid [see CONTRAINDICATIONS, WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and DRUG INTERACTIONS]. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider or report to the emergency room if they experience signs or symptoms of serotonin syndrome.
Motor and Verbal Tics, And Worsening Of Tourette’s Syndrome
Advise patients that motor and verbal tics and worsening of Tourette’s syndrome may occur during treatment with MYDAYIS. Instruct patients to notify their healthcare provider if emergence of new tics or worsening of tics or Tourette’s syndrome occurs [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Concomitant Medications
Advise patients to notify their physicians if they are taking, or plan to take, any prescription or overthe- counter drugs because there is a potential for interactions [see DRUG INTERACTIONS].
Pregnancy Registry
Advise patients that there is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to MYDAYIS during pregnancy [see Use In Specific Populations].
Pregnancy
Advise patients of the potential fetal effects from the use of MYDAYIS during pregnancy. Advise patients to notify their healthcare provider if they become pregnant or intend to become pregnant during treatment with MYDAYIS [see Use In Specific Populations].
Lactation
Advise women not to breastfeed if they are taking MYDAYIS [see Use In Specific Populations].
Alcohol
Advise patients to avoid alcohol while taking MYDAYIS. Consumption of alcohol while taking MYDAYIS may result in a more rapid release of the dose of mixed amphetamine salts [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
Nonclinical Toxicology
Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment Of Fertility
Carcinogenesis
No evidence of carcinogenicity was found in studies in which d, l-amphetamine (enantiomer ratio of 1:1) was administered to mice and rats in the diet for 2 years at doses of up to 30 mg/kg/day in male mice, 19 mg/kg/day in female mice, and 5 mg/kg/day in male and female rats. These doses are approximately 3, 2, and 1 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose of 50 mg/day on a mg/m2 body surface area basis in adults.
Mutagenesis
Amphetamine, in the enantiomer ratio present, d- to l- ratio of 3:1, was not clastogenic in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test in vivo and was negative when tested in the E. coli component of the Ames test in vitro. d, l-Amphetamine (1:1 enantiomer ratio) has been reported to produce a positive response in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test, an equivocal response in the Ames test, and negative responses in the in vitro sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberration assays.
Impairment Of Fertility
Amphetamines, in the enantiomer ratio, d- to l- ratio of 3:1, did not adversely affect fertility or early embryonic development in the rat at doses of up to 20 mg/kg/day (approximately 6 times the maximum recommended human dose of 25 mg/day given to adolescents on a mg/m2 body surface area basis).
Use In Specific Populations
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Exposure Registry
There is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to MYDAYIS during pregnancy. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients by calling the National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications at 1-866-961-2388 or visiting online at https://womensmentalhealth.org/research/pregnancyregistry/.
Risk Summary
The limited available data from published literature and postmarketing reports on use of amphetamine in pregnant women are not sufficient to inform a drug-associated risk for major birth defects and miscarriage. Adverse pregnancy outcomes, including premature delivery and low birth weight, have been seen in infants born to mothers dependent on amphetamines [see Clinical Considerations].
In an embryofetal development study, amphetamine (d- to l- enantiomer ratio of 3:1, the same as in MYDAYIS) had no effects on embryofetal morphological development or survival when administered to pregnant rats and rabbits throughout the period of organogenesis up to doses 10 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 25 mg/day given to adolescents, on a mg/m2 body surface area basis. However, in a pre- and postnatal development study, amphetamine (d- to l- ratio of 3:1) administered orally to pregnant rats during gestation and lactation caused a decrease in pup survival and a decrease in pup body weight that correlated with a delay in developmental landmarks at clinically relevant doses of amphetamine. In addition, adverse effects on reproductive performance were observed in pups whose mothers were treated with amphetamine. Long-term neurochemical and behavioral effects have also been reported in animal developmental studies using clinically relevant doses of amphetamine [see Data].
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively.
Clinical Considerations
Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions
Amphetamines, such as MYDAYIS, cause vasoconstriction and thereby may decrease placental perfusion. In addition, amphetamines can stimulate uterine contractions increasing the risk of premature delivery. Infants born to amphetamine-dependent mothers have an increased risk of premature delivery and low birth weight.
Monitor infants born to mothers taking amphetamines for symptoms of withdrawal such as feeding difficulties, irritability, agitation, and excessive drowsiness.
Data
Animal Data
Amphetamine (d- to l- enantiomer ratio of 3:1, the same as in MYDAYIS) had no apparent effects on embryofetal morphological development or survival when administered orally to pregnant rats and rabbits throughout the period of organogenesis at doses of up to 6 and 16 mg/kg/day, respectively. These doses are approximately 2 and 10 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) of 25 mg/day given to adolescents, on a mg/m2 body surface area basis. Fetal malformations and death have been reported in mice following parenteral administration of damphetamine doses of 50 mg/kg/day (approximately 8 times the MRHD given to adolescents on a mg/m2 basis) or greater to pregnant animals. Administration of these doses was also associated with severe maternal toxicity.
A pre- and postnatal development study was conducted with amphetamine (d- to l- enantiomer ratio of 3:1) in which pregnant rats received daily oral doses of 2, 6, and 10 mg/kg from gestation Day 6 to lactation Day 20. These doses are approximately 0.6, 2, and 3 times the MRHD of 25 mg/day amphetamine (d- to l- ratio of 3:1) given to adolescents, on a mg/m2 basis. All doses caused hyperactivity and decreased weight gain in the dams. A decrease in pup survival was seen at all doses. A decrease in pup body weight was seen at 6 and 10 mg/kg which correlated with delays in developmental landmarks, such as preputial separation and vaginal opening. Increased pup locomotor activity was seen at 10 mg/kg on Day 22 postpartum but not at 5 weeks postweaning. When pups were tested for reproductive performance at maturation, gestational weight gain, number of implantations, and number of delivered pups were decreased in the group whose mothers had been given 10 mg/kg.
A number of studies from the literature in rodents indicate that prenatal or early postnatal exposure to amphetamine (d- or d, l-) at doses similar to those used clinically can result in long-term neurochemical and behavioral alterations. Reported behavioral effects include learning and memory deficits, altered locomotor activity, and changes in sexual function.
Lactation
Risk Summary
Based on limited case reports in published literature, amphetamine (d- or d, l-) is present in human milk, at relative infant doses of 2 to 13.8% of the maternal weight-adjusted dosage and a milk/plasma ratio ranging between 1.9 and 7.5. There are no reports of adverse effects on the breastfed infant. Long-term neurodevelopmental effects on infants from amphetamine exposure are unknown. It is possible that large dosages of dextroamphetamine might interfere with milk production, especially in women whose lactation is not well established. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants, including serious cardiovascular reactions, blood pressure and heart rate increase, suppression of growth, and peripheral vasculopathy, advise patients that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with MYDAYIS.
Pediatric Use
The safety and effectiveness of MYDAYIS in pediatric patients with ADHD ages 13 to 17 years have been established in two placebo-controlled clinical studies [see ADVERSE REACTIONS, CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY and Clinical Studies].
The safety and effectiveness of MYDAYIS have not been established in pediatric patients ages 12 years and younger.
MYDAYIS has been studied for the treatment of ADHD in pediatric patients 6 to 12 years in two placebo controlled safety and efficacy trials. In the first trial, pediatric patients 6 to 12 years experienced higher rates of adverse reactions in some cases compared to patients 13 years and older, including higher rates of insomnia (30% vs 8%) and appetite decreased (43% vs 22%). In addition, amphetamine systemic exposures (both d- and l-) in pediatric patients 6 to 12 years following a single dose were higher than those observed in adults at the same dose (72 to 79% higher Cmax and approximately 83% higher AUC). A second trial evaluated a lower dose than those approved for pediatric patients 13 to 17 years; efficacy was not demonstrated for the lower dose. Therefore, a safe and effective dose cannot be established in pediatric patients 12 years and younger.
Growth Suppression
Growth should be monitored during treatment with stimulants, including MYDAYIS, in pediatric patients 13 to 17 years who are not growing or gaining weight as expected may need to have their treatment interrupted [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS and ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Juvenile Animal Toxicity Data
Juvenile rats treated with mixed amphetamine salts (same as in MYDAYIS) early in the postnatal period through sexual maturation demonstrated transient changes in motor activity. Learning and memory was impaired at approximately 8 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) given to children on a mg/m2 basis. No recovery was seen following a drug-free period. A delay in sexual maturation was observed at a dose approximately 8 times the MRHD given to children on a mg/m2 basis, although there was no effect on fertility.
In a juvenile developmental study, rats received daily oral doses of amphetamine (d to l enantiomer ratio of 3:1, the same as in MYDAYIS) of 2, 6, or 20 mg/kg on days 7 to 13 of age; from Day 14 to approximately Day 60 of age these doses were given b.i.d. for total daily doses of 4, 12, or 40 mg/kg. The latter doses are approximately 0.8, 2, and 8 times the MRHD of 25 mg/day given to children on a mg/m2 basis. Postdosing hyperactivity was seen at all doses; motor activity measured prior to the daily dose was decreased during the dosing period but the decreased motor activity was largely absent after an 18 day drug-free recovery period. Performance in the Morris water maze test for learning and memory was impaired at the 40 mg/kg dose, and sporadically at the lower doses, when measured prior to the daily dose during the treatment period; no recovery was seen after a 19 day drug-free period. A delay in the developmental milestones of vaginal opening and preputial separation was seen at 40 mg/kg but there was no effect on fertility.
Geriatric Use
Clinical studies of MYDAYIS did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should start at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
Renal Impairment
Due to reduced clearance of amphetamine in patients with severe renal insufficiency (GFR 15 to <30 mL/min/1.73 m2), the maximum dose in adults should be reduced. Pediatric patients ages 13 to 17 years with severe renal insufficiency can be given the recommended starting dose if tolerated, but the dose should not be escalated. MYDAYIS is not recommended in patients with ESRD (GFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m2) [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
d-Amphetamine is not dialyzable.