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MNEXSPIKE (COVID-19 Vaccine, mRNA) is a sterile white to off-white injectable suspension for intramuscular use.
Each 0.2 mL dose of MNEXSPIKE (2024-2025 Formula) contains 10 mcg nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the N-terminal domain (NTD) and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the Spike glycoprotein of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant lineage JN.1. Each dose also contains the following ingredients: a total lipid content of 0.2 mg (SM-102, polyethylene glycol [PEG] 2000 dimyristoyl glycerol [DMG], cholesterol, and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3Âphosphocholine [DSPC]), 0.09 mg tromethamine, 0.51 mg tromethamine hydrochloride, and 17 mg sucrose.
MNEXSPIKE does not contain a preservative.
The rubber tip cap and plunger used for the single-dose syringes are not made with natural rubber latex.
MNEXSPIKE is a vaccine indicated for active immunization to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
MNEXSPIKE is approved for use in individuals who have been previously vaccinated with any COVID-19 vaccine and are:
For intramuscular use.
Table 1: Thawing Conditions and Times
| Thaw in Refrigerator 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) | Thaw at Room Temperature 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F) | |
| Carton of 10 syringes | Thaw for 2 hours and 40 minutes | Thaw for 1 hour and 20 minutes |
| Carton of 2 syringes | Thaw for 1 hour and 40 minutes | Thaw for 40 minutes |
| Carton of 1 syringe | Thaw for 1 hour and 40 minutes | Thaw for 40 minutes |
| One syringe (removed from carton) | Thaw for 1 hour and 40 minutes | Thaw for 40 minutes |
Administer MNEXSPIKE intramuscularly.
Administer MNEXSPIKE as a single 0.2 mL dose at least 3 months after the last dose of COVID-19 vaccine.
MNEXSPIKE is an injectable suspension.
A single dose is 0.2 mL.
MNEXSPIKE (2024-2025 Formula) is supplied as follows:
NDC 80777-399-62: Carton of 1 single-dose prefilled syringe containing 1 dose of 0.2 mL (NDC 80777-399-17)
NDC 80777-399-61: Carton of 2 single-dose prefilled syringes, each syringe containing 1 dose of 0.2 mL (NDC 80777-399-17)
NDC 80777-399-60: Carton of 10 single-dose prefilled syringes, each syringe containing 1 dose of 0.2 mL (NDC 80777-399-17)
Store frozen between -40°C to -15°C (-40°F to 5°F).
During storage and after thawing, minimize exposure to room light, and avoid exposure to direct sunlight and ultraviolet light.
After thawing, MNEXSPIKE may be stored refrigerated between 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) for up to 90 days or up to the expiration date printed on the carton, whichever comes first.
After thawing, MNEXSPIKE may be stored between 8°C to 25°C (46°F to 77°F) for up to 24 hours.
Do not refreeze once thawed.
Thawed syringes can be handled in room light conditions.
Transportation Of Thawed Syringes At 2°C To 8°C (36°F To 46°F)
Thawed prefilled syringes can be transported at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) in shipping containers qualified to maintain 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Once thawed and transported at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F), prefilled syringes should not be refrozen and should be stored at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) until use.
Manufactured for: Moderna US, Inc. Princeton, NJ 08540. Revised: May 2025
Most commonly (≥10%) reported adverse reactions following administration of MNEXSPIKE:
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a vaccine cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another vaccine and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety of MNEXSPIKE was evaluated in a randomized, observer-blind, active-controlled clinical trial conducted in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada involving 11,417 participants 12 years of age and older who received a single dose of MNEXSPIKE (n=5,706) or comparator vaccine (Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent [Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5] not U.S. licensed, authorized for emergency use; n=5,711) (Study 1, NCT05815498). MNEXSPIKE administered in the study contained 5 mcg mRNA encoding the membrane-bound, linked N-terminal domain (NTD) and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the Spike (S) glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu 1 strain (Original) and 5 mcg mRNA encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant lineages BA.4 and BA.5. The comparator vaccine administered in the study contained 25 mcg mRNA encoding the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu 1 strain (Original) and 25 mcg mRNA encoding the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant lineages BA.4 and BA.5. The median duration of follow-up for safety was 8.8 months.
In Study 1, the median age of the population was 56 years (range 12 through 96 years); 8.7% of participants were 12 years through 17 years, 62.6% were 18 years through 64 years, and 28.7% were 65 years and older. Overall, 45.7% of the participants were male, 54.3% were female, 13.2% were Hispanic or Latino, 82.2% were White, 11.2% were Black or African American, 3.6% were Asian, 0.4% were American Indian or Alaska Native, 0.1% were Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 0.4% were other races, and 1.5% were Multiracial. Demographic characteristics were similar between participants who received MNEXSPIKE and those who received the comparator vaccine.
All participants in the study, except one participant in the MNEXSPIKE group, had previously received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine prior to the study with a median interval of 9.8 months since the last dose. Overall, 74.3% of participants (MNEXSPIKE=4,211; comparator vaccine=4,270) had evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection at baseline (immunologic or virologic evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection [defined as positive RT-PCR test and/or positive Elecsys immunoassay result at Day 1]).
Local and systemic adverse reactions and use of antipyretic medication were solicited in an electronic diary for 7 days following injection (i.e., day of vaccination and the next 6 days) among participants who received MNEXSPIKE (n=5,702) and participants who received the comparator vaccine (n=5,706). Events that persisted for more than 7 days were followed until resolution.
The reported number and percentage of solicited local and systemic adverse reactions for 12 years through 17 years are presented in Table 2 and Table 3, 18 years through 64 years are presented in Table 4 and Table 5, and 64 years and older are presented in Table 6 and Table 7, respectively.
Table 2: Number and Percentage of Participants with Solicited Local Adverse Reactions Starting Within 7 Days* After Injection in Participants 12 Years Through 17 Years (Solicited Safety Set)
| Local Adverse Reactionsa | MNEXSPIKEb N=497 n (%) |
Comparator Vaccinec N=495 n (%) |
| Paind | 342 (68.8) | 390 (78.8) |
| Pain, Grade 3 d | 10 (2.0) | 19 (3.8) |
| Axillary swelling or tendernessd | 172 (34.6) | 134 (27.1) |
| Axillary swelling or tenderness, Grade 3d | 6 (1.2) | 2 (0.4) |
| Swelling (hardness) ≥25 mme | 18 (3.6) | 25 (5.1) |
| Swelling (hardness) >100 mm, Grade 3e | 4 (0.8) | 2 (0.4) |
| Erythema (redness) ≥25 mme | 6 (1.2) | 13 (2.6) |
| * 7 days included day of vaccination and the subsequent 6 days. Events were collected in the electronic diary (e-diary). N=Number of participants in the Solicited Safety Set. n=Number of participants with listed solicited adverse reactions. a Absence of rows for Grade 3 or Grade 4 adverse reactions indicates no events were reported. b A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 c Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) d Pain and axillary swelling or tenderness grading scale: no interference with activity (Grade 1); some interference with activity (Grade 2); prevents daily activity (Grade 3). e Swelling and erythema grading scale: 25-50 mm /2.5-5 cm (Grade 1); 51-100 mm /5.1-10 cm (Grade 2); >100 mm / >10 cm (Grade 3). |
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Table 3: Number and Percentage of Participants with Solicited Systemic Adverse Reactions Starting Within 7 Days* After Injection in Participants 12 Years Through 17 Years (Solicited Safety Set)
| Systemic Adverse Reactionsa | MNEXSPIKEb N=497 n (%) |
Comparator Vaccinec N=495 n (%) |
| Headached | 271 (54.5) | 287 (58.0) |
| Headache, Grade 3 d | 35 (7.0) | 20 (4.0) |
| Fatigued | 235 (47.3) | 251 (50.7) |
| Fatigue, Grade 3 d | 34 (6.8) | 22 (4.4) |
| Myalgiad | 195 (39.2) | 178 (36.0) |
| Myalgia, Grade 3d | 28 (5.6) | 17 (3.4) |
| Chillse | 157 (31.6) | 158 (31.9) |
| Chills, Grade 3e | 6 (1.2) | 1 (0.2) |
| Arthralgiad | 119 (23.9) | 117 (23.6) |
| Arthralgia, Grade 3d | 10 (2.0) | 6 (1.2) |
| Nausea/vomitingf | 80 (16.1) | 87 (17.6) |
| Nausea/vomiting, Grade 3f | 0 (0) | 2 (0.4) |
| Feverg | 49 (9.9) | 46 (9.3) |
| Fever, Grade 3g | 4 (0.8) | 2 (0.4) |
| Use of antipyretic or pain medication | 186 (37.4) | 211 (42.6) |
| * 7 days included day of vaccination and the subsequent 6 days. Events and use of antipyretic or pain medication were collected in the electronic diary (e-diary). N=Number of participants in the Solicited Safety Set. n=Number of participants with listed solicited adverse reactions. a No Grade 4 adverse reactions were reported. b A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 c Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) d Headache, fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia grading scale: no interference with activity (Grade 1); some interference with activity (Grade 2); prevents daily activity (Grade 3). e Chills grading scale: no interference with activity (Grade 1); some interference with activity not requiring medical intervention (Grade 2); prevents daily activity and requires medical intervention (Grade 3). fNausea/vomiting grading scale: no interference with activity or 1-2 episodes/24 hours (Grade 1); some interference with activity or >2 episodes/24 hours (Grade 2); prevents daily activity, requires outpatient intravenous hydration (Grade 3). g Fever grading scale: ≥38.0° – ≤38.4°C /≥100.4° – ≤101.1°F (Grade 1); ≥38.5° – ≤38.9°C /≥101.2°– ≤102.0°F (Grade 2); ≥39.0° – ≤40.0°C / ≥102.1° – ≤104.0°F (Grade 3). |
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Table 4: Number and Percentage of Participants with Solicited Local Adverse Reactions Starting Within 7 Days* After Injection in Participants 18 Years Through 64 Years (Solicited Safety Set)
| Local Adverse Reactionsa | MNEXSPIKEb N=3,573 n (%) |
Comparator Vaccinec N=3,574 n (%) |
| Paind | 2,672 (74.8) | 2,920 (81.7) |
| Pain, Grade 3 d | 38 (1.1) | 49 (1.4) |
| Axillary swelling or tendernessd | 777 (21.7) | 749 (21.0) |
| Axillary swelling or tenderness, Grade 3d | 11 (0.3) | 15 (0.4) |
| Swelling (hardness) ≥25 mme | 140 (3.9) | 246 (6.9) |
| Swelling (hardness) >100 mm, Grade 3e | 11 (0.3) | 19 (0.5) |
| Erythema (redness) ≥25 mme | 85 (2.4) | 152 (4.3) |
| Erythema (redness) >100 mm, Grade 3e | 9 (0.3) | 17 (0.5) |
| * 7 days included day of vaccination and the subsequent 6 days. Events were collected in the electronic diary (e-diary). N=Number of participants in the Solicited Safety Set. n=Number of participants with listed solicited adverse reactions. a No Grade 4 adverse reactions were reported. b A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 c Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) d Pain and axillary swelling or tenderness grading scale: no interference with activity (Grade 1); some interference with activity (Grade 2); prevents daily activity (Grade 3). e Swelling and erythema grading scale: 25-50 mm /2.5-5 cm (Grade 1); 51-100 mm /5.1-10 cm (Grade 2); >100 mm / >10 cm (Grade 3). |
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Table 5: Number and Percentage of Participants with Solicited Systemic Adverse Reactions Starting Within 7 Days* After Injection in Participants 18 Years Through 64 Years (Solicited Safety Set)
| Systemic Adverse Reactionsa | MNEXSPIKEb N=3,573 n (%) |
Comparator Vaccinec N=3,574 n (%) |
| Fatigued | 1,939 (54.3) | 1,876 (52.5) |
| Fatigue, Grade 3 d | 170 (4.8) | 156 (4.4) |
| Headached | 1,708 (47.8) | 1,583 (44.3) |
| Headache, Grade 3 d | 90 (2.5) | 76 (2.1) |
| Myalgiad | 1,485 (41.6) | 1,469 (41.1) |
| Myalgia, Grade 3d | 144 (4.0) | 105 (2.9) |
| Arthralgiad | 1,159 (32.4) | 1,094 (30.6) |
| Arthralgia, Grade 3d | 86 (2.4) | 62 (1.7) |
| Chillse | 867 (24.3) | 760 (21.3) |
| Chills, Grade 3e | 26 (0.7) | 22 (0.6) |
| Nausea/vomitingf | 492 (13.8) | 424 (11.9) |
| Nausea/vomiting, Grade 3f | 4 (0.1) | 3 (<0.1) |
| Feverg | 193 (5.4) | 138 (3.9) |
| Fever, Grade 3g | 27 (0.8) | 17 (0.5) |
| Use of antipyretic or pain medication | 1,243 (34.8) | 1,226 (34.3) |
| * 7 days included day of vaccination and the subsequent 6 days. Events and use of antipyretic or pain medication were collected in the electronic diary (e-diary). N=Number of participants in the Solicited Safety Set. n=Number of participants with listed solicited adverse reactions. a No Grade 4 adverse reactions were reported. b A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 c Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) d Fatigue, headache, myalgia, arthralgia grading scale: no interference with activity (Grade 1); some interference with activity (Grade 2); prevents daily activity (Grade 3). e Chills grading scale: no interference with activity (Grade 1); some interference with activity not requiring medical intervention (Grade 2); prevents daily activity and requires medical intervention (Grade 3). fNausea/vomiting grading scale: no interference with activity or 1-2 episodes/24 hours (Grade 1); some interference with activity or >2 episodes/24 hours (Grade 2); prevents daily activity, requires outpatient intravenous hydration (Grade 3). g Fever grading scale: ≥38.0° – ≤38.4°C /≥100.4° – ≤101.1°F (Grade 1); ≥38.5° – ≤38.9°C /≥101.2°– ≤102.0°F (Grade 2); ≥39.0° – ≤40.0°C / ≥102.1° – ≤104.0°F (Grade 3). |
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Table 6: Number and Percentage of Participants with Solicited Local Adverse Reactions Starting Within 7 Days* After Injection in Participants 65 Years and Older (Solicited Safety Set)
| Local Adverse Reactionsa | MNEXSPIKEb N=1,632 n (%) |
Comparator Vaccinec N=1,637 n (%) |
| Paind | 891 (54.6) | 1,109 (67.7) |
| Pain, Grade 3 d | 12 (0.7) | 7 (0.4) |
| Axillary swelling or tendernessd | 174 (10.7) | 164 (10.0) |
| Axillary swelling or tenderness, Grade 3d | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) |
| Swelling (hardness) ≥25 mme | 48 (2.9) | 88 (5.4) |
| Swelling (hardness), Grade 3e | 1 (<0.1) | 11 (0.7) |
| Erythema (redness) ≥25 mme | 32 (2.0) | 60 (3.7) |
| Erythema (redness), Grade 3e | 2 (0.1) | 7 (0.4) |
| * 7 days included day of vaccination and the subsequent 6 days. Events were collected in the electronic diary (e-diary). N=Number of participants in the Solicited Safety Set. n=Number of participants with listed solicited adverse reactions. a No Grade 4 adverse reactions were reported. b A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 c Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) d Pain and axillary swelling or tenderness grading scale: no interference with activity (Grade 1); some interference with activity (Grade 2); prevents daily activity (Grade 3). e Swelling and erythema grading scale: 25-50 mm /2.5-5 cm (Grade 1); 51-100 mm /5.1-10 cm (Grade 2); >100 mm / >10 cm (Grade 3). |
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Table 7: Number and Percentage of Participants with Solicited Systemic Adverse Reactions Starting Within 7 Days* After Injection in Participants 65 Years and Older (Solicited Safety Set)
| Systemic Adverse Reactionsa | MNEXSPIKEb N=1,632 n (%) |
Comparator Vaccinec N=1,637 n (%) |
| Fatigued | 702 (43.0) | 671 (41.0) |
| Fatigue, Grade 3 d | 59 (3.6) | 41 (2.5) |
| Headached | 540 (33.1) | 479 (29.3) |
| Headache, Grade 3 d | 22 (1.3) | 22 (1.3) |
| Myalgiad | 498 (30.5) | 467 (28.5) |
| Myalgia, Grade 3d | 33 (2.0) | 27 (16) |
| Arthralgiad | 418 (25.6) | 366 (22.4) |
| Arthralgia, Grade 3d | 24 (1.5) | 21 (1.3) |
| Chillse | 269 (16.5) | 209 (12.8) |
| Chills, Grade 3e | 10 (0.6) | 8 (0.5) |
| Nausea/vomitingf | 119 (7.3) | 114 (7.0) |
| Nausea/vomiting, Grade 3f | 2 (0.1) | 5 (0.3) |
| Feverg | 75 (4.6) | 70 (4.3) |
| Fever, Grade 3g | 2 (0.1) | 9 (0.6) |
| Fever, Grade 4g | 0 (0) | 1 (<0.1) |
| Use of antipyretic or pain medication | 429 (26.3) | 393 (24.0) |
| * 7 days included day of vaccination and the subsequent 6 days. Events and use of antipyretic or pain medication were collected in the electronic diary (e-diary). N=Number of participants in the Solicited Safety Set. n=Number of participants with listed solicited adverse reactions. a Absence of rows for Grade 4 adverse reactions indicates no events were reported. b A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 c Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) d Headache, fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia grading scale: no interference with activity (Grade 1); some interference with activity (Grade 2); prevents daily activity (Grade 3). e Chills grading scale: no interference with activity (Grade 1); some interference with activity not requiring medical intervention (Grade 2); prevents daily activity and requires medical intervention (Grade 3). fNausea/vomiting grading scale: no interference with activity or 1-2 episodes/24 hours (Grade 1); some interference with activity or >2 episodes/24 hours (Grade 2); prevents daily activity, requires outpatient intravenous hydration (Grade 3). g Fever grading scale: ≥38.0° – ≤38.4°C /≥100.4° – ≤101.1°F (Grade 1); ≥38.5° – ≤38.9°C /≥101.2°– ≤102.0°F (Grade 2); ≥39.0° – ≤40.0°C / ≥102.1° – ≤104.0°F (Grade 3); >40.0°C / >104.0°F (Grade 4). |
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Solicited local and systemic adverse reactions reported following vaccine administration had a median duration of 2 days for MNEXSPIKE and 2 to 3 days for the comparator vaccine.
Participants were monitored for unsolicited adverse events for 28 days following injection. Serious adverse events and medically attended adverse events will be recorded for the entire study duration (1 year). Among the 11,417 participants who received MNEXSPIKE (n=5,706) or the comparator vaccine (n=5,711), unsolicited adverse events that occurred within 28 days following injection were reported by 12.3% of participants (n=701) who received MNEXSPIKE and 11.9% of participants (n=680) who received the comparator vaccine.
There were no notable patterns or numerical imbalances between treatment groups for specific categories of adverse events that would suggest a causal relationship to MNEXSPIKE.
Serious adverse events were reported by 2.7% of participants (n=156) who received MNEXSPIKE and 2.6% of participants (n=151) who received the comparator vaccine through a median follow-up of 8.8 months. There were no serious adverse events considered causally related to MNEXSPIKE.
There were no notable patterns or imbalances between treatment groups for specific categories of serious adverse events that would suggest a causal relationship to MNEXSPIKE.
The safety of MNEXSPIKE was evaluated in a randomized, observer-blind, active-controlled clinical trial conducted in Japan involving 689 participants 12 years of age and older who received a single dose of MNEXSPIKE (n=343) or comparator vaccine (SPIKEVAX 2023-2024 Formula [n=346]) (Study 2). MNEXSPIKE administered in the study contained 10 mcg mRNA encoding the membrane-bound, linked N-terminal domain (NTD) and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the Spike (S) glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant lineage XBB.1.5. The comparator vaccine administered in the study contained 50 mcg mRNA encoding the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant lineage XBB.1.5. The median duration of follow-up for safety was 35 days.
In Study 2, the median age of the population was 52 years (range 12 through 83 years); 20.3% of participants were 12 years through 17 years, 58.8% were 18 years through 64 years, and 20.9% were 65 years of age and older. Overall, 65.7% were male, 34.3% were female, and all participants were Asian.
Participants were monitored for unsolicited adverse events for 28 days following injection. Among the 689 participants who received MNEXSPIKE (n=343) or the comparator vaccine (n=346), unsolicited adverse events that occurred within 28 days following injection were reported by 7.0% of participants (n=24) who received MNEXSPIKE and 6.9% of participants (n=24) who received the comparator vaccine.
There were no notable patterns or numerical imbalances between treatment groups for specific categories of adverse events that would suggest a causal relationship to MNEXSPIKE.
No serious adverse events were reported.
Postmarketing data with authorized or approved mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated increased risks of myocarditis and pericarditis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
In a longitudinal retrospective observational cohort study across 38 hospitals in the U.S., information on cardiovascular outcomes was collected on 333 patients 5 years through 29 years of age who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis. Among these patients, 322 were confirmed to have received an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine encoding the S glycoprotein of the Original SARS-CoV-2. Of 331 patients, 278 had onset of symptoms following the second dose of a primary series, 33 following the first dose of a primary series, and 20 following a first booster dose1.
Among 307 patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis for whom follow-up information was available, 89 reported cardiac symptoms at a median follow-up of 91 days (interquartile range 25-186 days) post-vaccination1.
Initial gadolinium-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) was performed on 216 patients, of whom 177 had late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), a marker of myocardial injury. Among 161 patients who had LGE on initial CMR and who had a follow-up gadolinium-enhanced CMR at a median follow-up of 159 days (interquartile range 78-253 days), 98 had persistence of LGE. Overall, the severity of LGE decreased during follow-up. The clinical and prognostic significance of these CMR findings is not known1.
Limitations of this study include potential selection bias towards patients with more severe myocarditis who are more likely to be hospitalized and have CMR, variability in diagnostic testing, and variability in follow-up1.
No Information provided
REFERENCES
1. Jain SS, Anderson SA, Steele JM, et al. Cardiac manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis in the young in the USA: longitudinal results from the Myocarditis After COVID Vaccination (MACiV) multicenter study. Lancet. 2024;76:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102809
Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section.
Appropriate medical treatment must be immediately available to manage potential anaphylactic reactions following administration of MNEXSPIKE.
Postmarketing data with authorized or approved mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated increased risks of myocarditis and pericarditis, with onset of symptoms typically in the first week following vaccination. The observed risk has been highest in males 12 years through 24 years of age. Based on analyses of commercial health insurance claims data from inpatient and outpatient settings, the estimated unadjusted incidence of myocarditis and/or pericarditis during the period 1 through 7 days following administration of the 2023-2024 Formula of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines was approximately 8 cases per million doses in individuals 6 months through 64 years of age and approximately 25 cases per million doses in males 12 years through 25 years of age.
Although some individuals with myocarditis and/or pericarditis following administration of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines have required intensive care support, available data suggest that individuals typically have resolution of symptoms within a few days with conservative management.
Follow-up information on cardiovascular outcomes in hospitalized patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis is available from a longitudinal retrospective observational study. Most of these patients had received a two-dose primary series of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine prior to their diagnosis. In this study, at a median follow-up of approximately 5 months post-vaccination, persistence of abnormal cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) findings that are a marker for myocardial injury was common. The clinical and prognostic significance of these CMR findings is not known1 [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Information is not yet available about potential long-term sequelae of myocarditis or pericarditis following administration of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has published considerations related to myocarditis and pericarditis after vaccination, including for vaccination of individuals with a history of myocarditis or pericarditis (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/clinicalÂconsiderations/myocarditis.html).
Syncope (fainting) may occur in association with administration of injectable vaccines. Procedures should be in place to avoid injury from fainting.
Immunocompromised persons, including individuals receiving immunosuppressive therapy, may have a diminished immune response to MNEXSPIKE [see Use In Specific Populations].
MNEXSPIKE may not protect all vaccine recipients.
Advise the vaccine recipient or caregiver to read the FDA-approved patient labeling.
Inform the vaccine recipient or caregiver of the potential benefits and risks of vaccination with MNEXSPIKE.
Instruct the vaccine recipient or caregiver to report any adverse events to their healthcare provider or to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System at 1-800-822-7967 and https://vaers.hhs.gov.
MNEXSPIKE has not been evaluated for the potential to cause carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, or impairment of male fertility in animals. [see Use In Specific Populations].
All pregnancies have a risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Available data on MNEXSPIKE administered to pregnant women are insufficient to inform vaccine-associated risks in pregnancy.
A developmental toxicity study was performed where female rats were administered a vaccine formulation containing 80 mcg of nucleoside-modified messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) (which is 8 times the amount of nucleoside-modified mRNA in a full human dose of MNEXSPIKE [encoding the N-terminal domain (NTD) and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu 1 strain]) twice prior to mating and twice during gestation. The study revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus due to the vaccine. The study also revealed no evidence of effects on female fertility (see Animal Data).
Animal Data
A developmental toxicity study was conducted to assess the effects of MNEXSPIKE on pregnant/lactating female rats, as well as the development of the embryo/fetus and offspring following exposure to the female to the vaccine from implantation through the end of pregnancy, with follow-up of the offspring through weaning. In this study, 0.2 mL of a vaccine formulation containing 80 mcg of nucleoside-modified mRNA per dose (which is 8 times the amount of mRNA in a full human dose of MNEXSPIKE [10 mcg of nucleoside-modified mRNA; encoding the N-terminal domain (NTD) and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu 1 strain]). Each dose of the vaccine formulation administered to rats also contained the following ingredients: a total lipid content of 1.8 mg (SM-102, polyethylene glycol [PEG] 2000 dimyristoyl glycerol [DMG], cholesterol, and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3Âphosphocholine [DSPC]), 0.48 mg tromethamine, 17 mg sucrose, and 0.1 mg sodium acetate). MNEXSPIKE was administered to female rats by the intramuscular route on four occasions: 28 and 14 days prior to mating, and on gestation days 1 and 13. No vaccine-related fetal malformations or variations and no adverse effect on postnatal development were observed in the study. The study also revealed no evidence of effects on female fertility.
Pregnant individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 compared with non-pregnant individuals.
It is not known whether MNEXSPIKE is excreted in human milk. Data are not available to assess the effects of MNEXSPIKE on the breastfed infant or on milk production/excretion. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for MNEXSPIKE and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from MNEXSPIKE or from the underlying maternal condition. For preventive vaccines, the underlying maternal condition is susceptibility to disease prevented by the vaccine.
Pediatric Use
Safety and effectiveness of MNEXSPIKE in individuals 12 through 17 years of age with at least one high risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes is based on safety and effectiveness data in this age group and in adults [see ADVERSE REACTIONS and Clinical Studies]. The safety and effectiveness of MNEXSPIKE have not been established in individuals younger than 12 years of age.
Clinical studies of MNEXSPIKE included approximately 1,704 participants 65 years of age and older and 330 participants 75 years of age and older [see ADVERSE REACTIONS and Clinical Studies].
Some local and systemic adverse reactions were reported in a lower proportion of participants 65 years of age and older compared to participants 18 years through 64 years of age [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Relative vaccine efficacy was similar among participants 65 years of age and older and participants 18 years through 64 years [see Clinical Studies].
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has published considerations related to COVIDÂ19 vaccination for individuals who are moderately to severely immunocompromised (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/clinical-considerations/covid-19-vaccines-us.html).
REFERENCES
1. Jain SS, Anderson SA, Steele JM, et al. Cardiac manifestations and outcomes of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis in the young in the USA: longitudinal results from the Myocarditis After COVID Vaccination (MACiV) multicenter study. Lancet. 2024;76:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102809
No Information provided
Do not administer MNEXSPIKE to individuals with a known history of severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any component of MNEXSPIKE [see DESCRIPTION] or to individuals who had a severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) following a previous dose of SPIKEVAX (COVID-19 Vaccine, mRNA) or any Moderna COVID-19 vaccine authorized for emergency use.
The nucleoside-modified mRNA in MNEXSPIKE is formulated in lipid particles, which enable delivery of the nucleoside-modified mRNA into host cells to allow expression of the N-terminal domain (NTD) and receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the Spike (S) glycoprotein of SARSÂCoV-2. The vaccine elicits an immune response which protects against COVID-19.
Study 1 is a Phase 3 randomized, observer-blind, active-controlled clinical trial that evaluated the relative vaccine efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of MNEXSPIKE in participants 12 years of age and older in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada. Randomization was stratified by age: 12 years through 17 years, 18 years through 64 years, and 65 years of age and older. The study allowed for the inclusion of participants with stable pre-existing medical conditions, defined as disease not requiring significant change in therapy or hospitalization for worsening disease during the 2 months before enrollment, as well as participants with stable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A total of 11,454 participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive MNEXSPIKE (n=5,728), a vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5, or comparator vaccine (Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent [Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5] not U.S. licensed, authorized for emergency use; n=5,726). All participants in the study, except one participant in the MNEXSPIKE group, had previously received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine prior to the study with a median interval of 9.8 months since the last dose.
The primary efficacy analysis population (referred to as the Per-Protocol Set for Efficacy) included 11,366 participants who received either MNEXSPIKE (n=5,679) or Moderna COVIDÂ19 Vaccine, Bivalent (n=5,687). In the Per-Protocol Set for Efficacy, 45.7% of participants were male, 54.3% were female, 13.1% were Hispanic or Latino, 82.2% were White, 11.1% were Black or African American, 3.6% were Asian, 0.4% were American Indian or Alaska Native, 0.1% were Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 0.3% were other races, and 1.5% were Multiracial. The median age of participants was 56 years (range 12 through 96 years) and 28.7% of participants were 65 years of age and older. There were no notable differences in demographics between participants who received MNEXSPIKE and those who received the comparator vaccine.
The population for the relative vaccine efficacy analysis included participants 12 years of age and older who were enrolled from March 28, 2023, and followed for the development of COVID-19 through January 31, 2024. The median length of follow-up was 8 months.
The primary efficacy objective in this study was to demonstrate the non-inferior vaccine efficacy against COVID-19 starting 14 days after MNEXSPIKE compared to that after the comparator vaccine. The case definition of COVID-19 was the presence of at least one symptom from a list of COVID-19 symptoms and a positive NP swab for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. Listed symptoms were fever (temperature ≥38°C / ≥100.4°F) or chills, cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, fatigue, muscle aches or body aches, headache, new loss of taste or smell, sore throat, congestion or runny nose, nausea or vomiting, and diarrhea. The statistical criterion to demonstrate non-inferiority (lower bound of the 99.4% CI >-10%) for relative vaccine efficacy was met (Table 8).
Table 8: Relative Vaccine Efficacy Against COVID-19* in Participants 12 Years of Age and Older Starting 14 Days After a Single Dose of MNEXSPIKE or Comparator Vaccine – Per-Protocol Set for Efficacy
| MNEXSPIKEa | Comparator Vaccineb | Relative Vaccine Efficacy (99.4% CI)d | ||||
| Participants (N) | COVID-19 Cases (n) | Incidence Rate of COVID-19 Per 100 Person-Monthsc | Participants (N) | COVID-19 Cases (n) | Incidence Rate of COVID-19 Per 100 Person-Monthsc | |
| 5,679 | 560 | 1.4 | 5,687 | 617 | 1.5 | 9.3% (-6.6%, 22.8%)e |
| * Presence of at least one symptom from a list of COVID-19 symptoms and a positive NP swab for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. Listed symptoms were fever (temperature ≥38°C / ≥100.4°F) or chills, cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, fatigue, muscle aches or body aches, headache, new loss of taste or smell, sore throat, congestion or runny nose, nausea or vomiting, and diarrhea. a A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 b Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) c Person-months is defined as the total months from study injection date to the date of event (COVID-19), date of off-study COVID-19 vaccine, last date of study participation, death date or efficacy data cutoff date, whichever is the earliest. d Relative Vaccine Efficacy (rVE) = 1-hazard ratio (MNEXSPIKE vs comparator vaccine). Hazard ratio and CI are estimated using a stratified Cox proportional hazard model (stratified by age group per randomization) with Efron's method of tie handling and with the treatment group as a fixed effect. Alpha-adjusted 2-sided (99.4%) confidence level is calculated using Lan-DeMets O’Brien-Fleming spending function (nominal one-sided alpha = 0.0028). e The success criterion for the primary efficacy endpoint was that the lower limit of the 2-sided CI for rVE was >-10%. |
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A descriptive analysis of incidence of COVID-19 in participants 12 years of age and older by age subgroup was conducted (Table 9).
Table 9: Descriptive Analysis of Incidence of COVID-19* in Participants 12 Years of Age and Older by Age Subgroup Starting 14 Days After a Single Dose of MNEXSPIKE or Comparator Vaccine – Per-Protocol Set for Efficacy
| Age Subgroup (Years) | MNEXSPIKEa | Comparator Vaccineb | Descriptive rVEd (95% CI)e | ||||
| Participants (N) | COVID-19 Cases (n) | Incidence Rate of COVID-19 Per 100 Person-Monthsc | Participants (N) | COVID-19 Cases (n) | Incidence Rate of COVID-19 Per 100 Person-Monthsc | ||
| 12 to <18 | 491 | 29 | 1.0 | 490 | 23 | 0.8 | -29.2%f (-123.3%, 25.3%) |
| 18 to <65 | 3,558 | 382 | 1.4 | 3,562 | 422 | 1.6 | 9.7% (-3.8%, 21.3%) |
| ≥65 | 1,630 | 149 | 1.3 | 1,635 | 172 | 1.5 | 13.5% (-7.7%, 30.6%) |
| * Presence of at least one symptom from a list of COVID-19 symptoms and a positive NP swab for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. Listed symptoms were fever (temperature ≥38°C / ≥100.4°F) or chills, cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, fatigue, muscle aches or body aches, headache, new loss of taste or smell, sore throat, congestion or runny nose, nausea or vomiting, and diarrhea. a A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 b Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) c Person-months is defined as the total months from study injection date to the date of event (COVID-19), date of off-study COVID-19 vaccine, last date of study participation, death date or efficacy data cutoff date, whichever is the earliest. d rVE=relative vaccine efficacy e Descriptive relative vaccine efficacy means that these endpoints were not hypothesis-tested and do not necessarily make valid inferences about vaccine efficacy. f VE cannot be reliably estimated due to the low number of cases accrued in this age group. |
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The primary immunogenicity analysis population included 621 participants who received MNEXSPIKE and 568 participants who received the comparator vaccine. Among participants assessed for immunogenicity, 45.3% were male, 54.7% were female, 13.5% were Hispanic or Latino, 80.7% were White, 11.9% were Black or African American, 4.0% were Asian, <0.1% were American Indian or Alaska Native, <0.1% were Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 0.3% were other races, and 2.1% were Multiracial.
The primary immunogenicity analyses evaluated the ratio of neutralizing antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMC) and the difference in seroresponse rate (SRR) against a pseudovirus expressing Omicron BA.4/BA.5 and the original SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein (D614G) following vaccination with MNEXSPIKE compared to vaccination with the comparator vaccine. MNEXSPIKE met the pre-specified non-inferiority criterion of the lower bound of the 95% CI of GMC ratio >0.667, and the pre-specified non-inferiority criterion of the lower bound of the 95% CI of the SRR-difference >-10%. These analyses are summarized in Table 10 and Table 12. Descriptive analyses of GMC and SRR by age subgroup are summarized in Table 11 and Table 13.
Table 10: Comparison of Geometric Mean Concentration 28 Days After a Single Dose of MNEXSPIKE vs 28 Days After a Single Dose of Comparator Vaccine – Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Subset*
| Assay | MNEXSPIKEa GMC N=621 (95% CI)b |
Comparator Vaccinec GMC N=568 (95% CI)b |
GMC Ratio (MNEXSPIKE/ Comparator Vaccine) (95% CI)b |
| Omicron BA.4/BA.5 | 2340.9 (2167.0, 2528.8) | 1753.8 (1618.2, 1900.7) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.5) |
| Original SARS-CoV-2 (D614G) | 10631.9 (9960.2, 11348.9) | 8576.5 (8012.5, 9180.1) | 1.2 (1.1, 1.4) |
| GMC=Geometric Mean Concentration N=Number of participants with non-missing data at the corresponding timepoint(s). * Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Subset included a randomly selected subset of subjects (Immunogenicity Subset) who received study vaccine, and did not have a major protocol deviation that impacted immune response and had both pre-dose and post-dose immunogenicity assessment at timepoint of primary interest (28 days post-dose). a A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 b The log-transformed antibody levels are analyzed using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with the group variable (MNEXSPIKE vs comparator vaccine) as fixed effect, adjusted by SARS-CoV-2 infection status at baseline, randomization age group, number of prior COVID-19 boosters (0, 1, 2, ≥3), and type of last prior COVID-19 vaccine. Coefficients for Least Square Means use margins by level. The resulted LS means, difference of LS means, and 95% CI are back transformed to the original scale for presentation. c Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) Note: Antibody values < the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) are replaced by 0.5 × LLOQ. Values > the upper limit of quantitation (ULOQ) are replaced by the ULOQ if actual values are not available. |
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Table 11: Descriptive Analysis of Geometric Mean Concentration by Age Subgroup 28 Days After a Single Dose of MNEXSPIKE vs 28 Days After a Single Dose of Comparator Vaccine – Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Subset*
| Assay | Age Subgroup (Years) | MNEXSPIKEa GMC (95% CI)b | Comparator Vaccinec GMC (95% CI)b | GMC Ratio (MNEXSPIKE/ Comparator Vaccine) (95% CI)b |
| Omicron BA.4/BA.5 | 12 to <18 | N=91 3561.4 (3037.5, 4175.7) | N=93 3398.9 (2908.9, 3971.4) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) |
| 18 to <65 | N=378 2120.6 (1917.3, 2345.6) | N=316 1661.0 (1487.8, 1854.4) | 1.3 (1.1, 1.5) | |
| ≥65 | N=152 2339.5 (1984.3, 2758.3) | N=159 1326.8 (1130.0, 1557.7) | 1.8 (1.4, 2.2) | |
| Original SARS-CoV-2 (D614G) | 12 to <18 | N=91 13617.7 (12006.3, 15445.3) | N=93 12404.3 (10966.5, 14030.6) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.3) |
| 18 to <65 | N=378 9734.8 (8938.8, 10601.7) | N=316 8251.3 (7517.2, 9057.1) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.3) | |
| ≥65 | N=152 11451.1 (9936.3, 13196.9) | N=159 7463.3 (6499.4, 8570.1) | 1.5 (1.3, 1.9) | |
| GMC=Geometric Mean Concentration N=Number of participants in the corresponding age group. * Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Subset included a randomly selected subset of subjects (Immunogenicity Subset) who received study vaccine, and did not have a major protocol deviation that impacted immune response and had both pre-dose and post-dose immunogenicity assessment at timepoint of primary interest (28 days post-dose). a A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 b The log-transformed antibody levels are analyzed using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with the group variable (MNEXSPIKE vs comparator vaccine) as fixed effect, adjusted by SARS-CoV-2 infection status at baseline, number of prior COVID-19 boosters (0, 1, 2, ≥3), and type of last prior COVID-19 vaccine. Coefficients for Least Square Means use margins by level. The resulted LS means, difference of LS means, and 95% CI are back transformed to the original scale for presentation. c Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) Note: Antibody values < the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) are replaced by 0.5 × LLOQ. Values > the upper limit of quantitation (ULOQ) are replaced by the ULOQ if actual values are not available. |
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Table 12: Comparison of Seroresponse Rate 28 Days After a Single Dose of MNEXSPIKE vs 28 Days After a Single Dose of Comparator Vaccine – Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Subset*
| Assay | MNEXSPIKEa Seroresponse Rateb N=621 % (95% CI)c |
Comparator Vaccined Seroresponse Rateb N=568 % (95% CI)c |
Difference in Seroresponse Rate (MNEXSPIKE-Comparator Vaccine) % (95% CI)e |
| Omicron BA.4/BA.5 | 79.9 (76.5, 83.0) | 65.5 (61.4, 69.4) | 14.4 (9.3, 19.4) |
| Original SARS-CoV-2 (D614G) | 83.6 (80.4, 86.4) | 72.9 (69.0, 76.5) | 10.7 (6.0, 15.4) |
| N=Number of participants with non-missing data at the corresponding timepoint(s). * Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Subset included a randomly selected subset of subjects (Immunogenicity Subset) who received study vaccine, and did not have a major protocol deviation that impacted immune response and had both pre-dose and post-dose immunogenicity assessment at timepoint of primary interest (28 days post-dose). a A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 b Seroresponse is defined as an antibody value change from baseline below the LLOQ to ≥4 × LLOQ, or at least a 4Âfold rise if baseline is ≥ LLOQ and <4 × LLOQ, or at least a 2-fold rise if baseline is ≥4 × LLOQ, where baseline refers to pre-dose. c 95% CI is calculated using the Clopper-Pearson method. d Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) e 95% CI is calculated using the Miettinen-Nurminen (score) confidence limits. |
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Table 13: Descriptive Analysis of Seroresponse Rate by Age Subgroup 28 Days After a Single Dose of MNEXSPIKE vs 28 Days After a Single Dose of Comparator Vaccine – Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Subset*
| Assay | Age Subgroup (Years) | MNEXSPIKEa Seroresponse Rateb % (95% CI)c | Comparator Vaccined Seroresponse Rateb % (95% CI)c | Difference in Seroresponse Rate (MNEXSPIKE-Comparator Vaccine) % (95% CI)e |
| Omicron | 12 to <18 | N=91 | N=93 | |
| 87.9 | 80.6 | 7.3 | ||
| (79.4, 93.8) | (71.1, 88.1) | (-3.4, 18.0) | ||
| 18 to <65 | N=378 | N=316 | ||
| 79.6 | 63.6 | 16.0 | ||
| (75.2, 83.6) | (58.0, 68.9) | (9.3, 22.7) | ||
| ≥65 | N=152 | N=159 | ||
| 75.7 | 60.4 | 15.3 | ||
| (68.0, 82.2) | (52.3, 68.0) | (4.9, 25.3) | ||
| OriginalSARS-CoV-2(D614G) | 12 to <18 | N=91 | N=93 | |
| 85.7 | 74.2 | 11.5 | ||
| (76.8, 92.2) | (64.1, 82.7) | (-0.1, 23.1) | ||
| 18 to <65 | N=378 | N=316 | ||
| 83.1 | 75.9 | 7.1 | ||
| (78.9, 86.7) | (70.8, 80.6) | (1.1, 13.2) | ||
| ≥65 | N=152 | N=159 | ||
| 83.6 | 66.0 | 17.5 | ||
| (76.7, 89.1) | (58.1, 73.4) | (8.0, 26.9) | ||
| N=Number of participants in the corresponding age group. * Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Subset included a randomly selected subset of subjects (Immunogenicity Subset) who received study vaccine, and did not have a major protocol deviation that impacted immune response and had both pre-dose and post-dose immunogenicity assessment at timepoint of primary interest (28 days post-dose). a A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Original and Omicron variant lineages BA.4/BA.5 b Seroresponse is defined as an antibody value change from baseline below the LLOQ to ≥4 × LLOQ, or at least a 4fold rise if baseline is ≥ LLOQ and <4 × LLOQ, or at least a 2-fold rise if baseline is ≥4 × LLOQ, where baseline refers to pre-dose. c 95% CI is calculated using the Clopper-Pearson method. d Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine, Bivalent (Original and Omicron BA.4/BA.5) e 95% CI is calculated using the Miettinen-Nurminen (score) confidence limits. |
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Study 2 is a Phase 3 randomized, observer-blind, active-controlled clinical trial that evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of MNEXSPIKE in participants 12 years of age and older in Japan. Randomization was stratified by age: 12 years through 17 years, 18 years through 64 years, and 65 years of age and older. The study allowed for the inclusion of participants with stable preexisting medical conditions, defined as disease not requiring significant change in therapy or hospitalization for worsening disease during the 2 months before enrollment, as well as participants with stable human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A total of 692 participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive MNEXSPIKE (n=344), a vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.5 lineage, or comparator vaccine (SPIKEVAX 2023-2024 Formula [n=348]). All participants had previously received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine prior to the study with a median interval of 16.7 months since the last dose.
The primary immunogenicity analysis population included 334 participants who received MNEXSPIKE and 334 participants who received the comparator vaccine. Among participants assessed for immunogenicity, 65.0% were male, 35.0% were female, and all participants were Asian. The median age of participants was 52 years (range 12 through 83 years) and 20.7% of participants were 65 years of age and older.
The primary immunogenicity analyses evaluated the ratio of neutralizing antibody geometric mean concentrations (GMC) against a pseudovirus expressing Omicron XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein following vaccination with MNEXSPIKE compared to vaccination with the comparator vaccine. MNEXSPIKE met the pre-specified non-inferiority criterion of the lower bound of the 95% CI of the GMC ratio >0.667 (Table 14). A descriptive analysis of the difference in seroresponse rates is summarized in Table 15.
Table 14: Comparison of Geometric Mean Concentration 28 Days After a Single Dose of MNEXSPIKE vs 28 Days After a Single Dose of Comparator Vaccine – Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Set*
| Assay | MNEXSPIKEa GMC (95% CI)b N=334 |
Comparator Vaccinec GMC (95% CI)b N=334 |
GMC Ratio (MNEXSPIKE/ Comparator Vaccine) (95% CI)b |
| Omicron | 1757.2 | 1470.4 | 1.2 |
| XBB.1.5 | (1580.1, 1954.3) | (1322.4, 1635.0) | (1.0, 1.4) |
| GMC=Geometric Mean Concentration N=Number of participants with non-missing data at baseline and the corresponding timepoint(s). * Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Set included subjects who received study vaccine, did not have a major protocol deviation that impacted immune response, and had both pre-dose and post-dose immunogenicity assessment at timepoint of primary interest (28 days post-dose). a A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.5 b The log-transformed antibody levels are analyzed using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with the group variable (MNEXSPIKE vs comparator vaccine) as fixed effect, adjusted by SARS-CoV-2 infection status at baseline, randomization age group, number of prior COVID-19 boosters (0, 1, 2, ≥3), and type of last prior COVID-19vaccine. LS means are based on the observed margins. The resulted LS means, difference of LS means, and 95% CI are back transformed to the original scale for presentation. c SPIKEVAX 2023-2024 Formula Note: Antibody values < the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) are replaced by 0.5 × LLOQ. Values > the upper limit of quantitation (ULOQ) are replaced by the ULOQ if actual values are not available. |
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Table 15: Comparison of Seroresponse Rate 28 Days After a Single Dose of MNEXSPIKE vs 28 Days After a Single Dose of Comparator Vaccine – Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Set*
| Assay | MNEXSPIKEa Seroresponse Rateb% (95% CI)c N=334 |
Comparator Vaccined Seroresponse Rateb% (95% CI)c N=334 |
Difference in Seroresponse Rate (MNEXSPIKE-Comparator Vaccine) % (95% CI)e |
| Omicron | 92.2 | 86.8 | 5.4 |
| XBB.1.5 | (88.8, 94.9) | (82.7, 90.3) | (0.8, 10.2) |
| N=Number of participants with non-missing data at baseline and the corresponding timepoint(s). * Per-Protocol Immunogenicity Set included subjects who received study vaccine, did not have a major protocol deviation that impacted immune response, and had both pre-dose and post-dose immunogenicity assessment at timepoint of primary interest (28 days post-dose). a A vaccine encoding the membrane-bound, linked NTD and RBD of the S glycoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.5 b Seroresponse is defined as an antibody value change from baseline below the LLOQ to ≥4 × LLOQ, or at least a 4fold rise if baseline is ≥ LLOQ and <4 × LLOQ, or at least a 2-fold rise if baseline is ≥4 × LLOQ, where baseline refers to pre-dose. c 95% CI is calculated using the Clopper-Pearson method. d SPIKEVAX 2023-2024 Formula e 95% CI is calculated using the Miettinen-Nurminen (score) confidence limits. |
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