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GALAFOLD (migalastat), an alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-Gal A) pharmacological chaperone, contains migalastat hydrochloride as the active ingredient, a low molecular weight iminosugar and an analogue of the terminal galactose of globotriaosylceramide (GL-3).
The chemical name for migalastat hydrochloride is (+)-(2R,3S,4R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl) piperidine-3,4,5-triol hydrochloride. Its molecular formula is C6H13NO4•HCl, molecular mass is 199.63 g/mol, and its chemical structure is depicted below.
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Migalastat hydrochloride is a white to almost white crystalline solid. It is freely soluble in aqueous media within the pH range of 1.2 to 7.5.
GALAFOLD (migalastat) capsules for oral administration contain 123 mg of migalastat (equivalent to 150 mg migalastat hydrochloride) as a white to pale brown powder and are supplied in a size “2” hard gelatin capsule with an opaque blue cap and an opaque white body imprinted with “A1001” in black ink. The inactive ingredients are magnesium stearate and pregelatinized starch. Capsule shells consist of gelatin, indigotine-FD&C Blue 2, and titanium dioxide. The black ink consists of black iron oxide, potassium hydroxide, and shellac.
GALAFOLD is indicated for the treatment of adults with a confirmed diagnosis of Fabry disease and an amenable galactosidase alpha gene (GLA) variant based on in vitro assay data [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on reduction in kidney interstitial capillary cell globotriaosylceramide (KIC GL-3) substrate [see Clinical Studies]. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in confirmatory trials.
Select adults with confirmed Fabry disease who have an amenable GLA variant for treatment with GALAFOLD [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
Treatment is indicated for patients with an amenable GLA variant that is interpreted by a clinical genetics professional as causing Fabry disease (pathogenic, likely pathogenic) in the clinical context of the patient. Consultation with a clinical genetics professional is strongly recommended in cases where the amenable GLA variant is of uncertain clinical significance (VUS, variant of uncertain significance) or may be benign (not causing Fabry disease).
The recommended dosage of GALAFOLD is 123 mg orally once every other day.
Take GALAFOLD at the same time of day and do not take on consecutive days.
Swallow capsule whole. Do not cut, crush, or chew the capsule.
Take GALAFOLD on an empty stomach. Do not consume food or caffeine at least 2 hours prior to and 2 hours after taking GALAFOLD to give a minimum 4 hour fast [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
Water (plain, flavored, or sweetened), fruit juices without pulp, and caffeine-free carbonated beverages can be consumed during the fasting period.
If the GALAFOLD dose is missed, take the missed dose if it is within 12 hours of the time that the dose should have been taken. If more than 12 hours have passed, take GALAFOLD at the next planned dosing day and time following the original every-other-day dosing schedule.
Capsules: 123 mg of migalastat in a size “2” capsule with an opaque blue cap and opaque white body with “A1001” printed in black, containing white to pale brown powder.
GALAFOLD capsules are supplied as 123 mg migalastat, size “2” capsules with an opaque blue cap and opaque white body filled with white to pale brown powder and imprinted with “A1001” in black ink.
GALAFOLD capsules are packaged as two 7-count capsules blister strips with aluminum foil lidding encased in cardboard blister cards providing 14 capsules per wallet pack that supplies the drug product for 4 weeks (28 days).
Wallet pack containing 14 GALAFOLD capsules NDC 71904-100-01.
Store at USP Controlled Room Temperature of 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). Excursions are permitted between 15° to 30°C (59° to 86°F). Store in the original packaging to protect from moisture.
Manufactured for: Amicus Therapeutics US, LLC 3675 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104. Revised: Jun 2024
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
In clinical trials, 139 patients with Fabry disease (79 females, 60 males, 92% Caucasian, ages 16 to 72 years), who were naïve to GALAFOLD or previously treated with enzyme replacement therapy, were exposed to at least one dose of GALAFOLD. Of the 139 patients, 127 patients were exposed to GALAFOLD 123 mg every other day for 6 months and 123 patients were exposed for greater than one year. The clinical trials included one randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 6 months duration followed by a 6-month open-label treatment phase (Study 1) [see Clinical Studies]. A second trial was a randomized, open-label, active-controlled clinical trial of 18 months duration in patients with Fabry disease receiving enzyme replacement therapy who were randomized to either switch to GALAFOLD or continue enzyme replacement therapy (Study 2; NCT01218659). In addition, there were two open-label, long-term extension trials.
The most common adverse reactions reported with GALAFOLD (≥ 10%) during the 6-month placebo-controlled, double-blind phase of Study 1 were headache, nasopharyngitis, urinary tract infection, nausea, and pyrexia.
Table 1 shows adverse reactions that occurred in at least 5% of patients treated with GALAFOLD during the 6-month placebo-controlled, double-blind phase of Study 1.
Table 1: Adverse Reactions* in Patients with Fabry Disease (Study 1)
| Adverse Reaction | GALAFOLD % (N = 34) |
Placebo % (N = 33) |
| Headache | 35% | 21% |
| Nasopharyngitis | 18% | 6% |
| Urinary tract infection** | 15% | 0 |
| Nausea | 12% | 6% |
| Pyrexia | 12% | 3% |
| Abdominal pain | 9% | 3% |
| Back pain | 9% | 0 |
| Cough | 9% | 0 |
| Diarrhea | 9% | 3% |
| Epistaxis | 9% | 3% |
| * Adverse reactions were those that occurred in at least 5% of patients treated with GALAFOLD. ** Included urinary tract infection, cystitis, and kidney infection |
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Adverse reactions that occurred in > 5% of patients who received GALAFOLD in the 6-month open-label treatment phase of Study 1, in Study 2, and in the long-term extension trials (N = 115, mean duration of treatment 2.7 years) included those in Table 1 with the addition of vomiting.
Co-administration of GALAFOLD with caffeine decreases migalastat AUC and Cmax [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY] which may reduce GALAFOLD efficacy. Avoid co-administration of GALAFOLD with caffeine at least 2 hours before and 2 hours after taking GALAFOLD [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section.
No Information provided
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (PATIENT INFORMATION and Instructions for Use).
Advise the patient:
Inform the patient and/or caregiver that there is a study that collects data on pregnant women with Fabry disease, and data on the effects of GALAFOLD on lactation in women with Fabry disease and their neonates and infants up to 1 year of age who are exposed through breast milk. Encourage the patient and/or caregiver to participate and state that participation is voluntary [see Use In Specific Populations].
The carcinogenic potential of migalastat was assessed in a 2-year study in rats and a 26-week study in Tg.rasH2 mice. In the 2-year rat study, migalastat was not tumorigenic at oral doses of up to 600 mg/kg twice daily (24 times the recommended dose based on AUC). In the 26-week study in Tg.rasH2 mice, migalastat was not tumorigenic at oral doses of up to 1000 mg/kg/day in males and 500 mg/kg/day in females.
Migalastat was negative in the bacterial mutagenicity (Ames) assay, in vitro cell mutation assay in L5178Y mouse lymphoma TK+/- cells, and in vivo micronucleus assay in rats.
Oral administration of up to 12.5 mg/kg migalastat twice daily in rats (equivalent to the human AUC at the recommended dose) produced a significant decrease in male fertility. This effect was completely reversed after four weeks of recovery. Female fertility was not affected.
There were three pregnant women with Fabry disease exposed to GALAFOLD in clinical trials. As such, the available data are not sufficient to assess drug associated risks of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, no adverse developmental effects were observed (see Data).
The background risk for major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defects, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
There is a study that collects data on pregnant women with Fabry disease, either exposed or unexposed to GALAFOLD. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients or obtain additional information by contacting the Pregnancy Coordinating Center at 1-888-239-0758, emailing [email protected], or visiting www.fabrypregnancyregistry.com.
Animal Data
No adverse developmental effects were observed with oral administration of migalastat to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis at doses up to 26 and 54 times, respectively, the recommended dose based on AUC. No effects on post-natal development were observed following oral administration of up to 500 mg/kg migalastat twice daily to pregnant rats (16 times the recommended dose based on AUC) during organogenesis and through lactation.
There are no data on the presence of migalastat in human milk, the effects on the breastfed infant, or the effects on milk production. Migalastat is present in the milk of lactating rats (see Data). When a drug is present in animal milk, it is likely that the drug will be present in human milk. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for GALAFOLD and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from GALAFOLD or from the underlying maternal condition.
There is a study that collects data on effects of GALAFOLD on lactation for women with Fabry disease and their neonates and infants up to 1 year of age who are exposed through breast milk. Healthcare providers are encouraged to register patients or obtain additional information by contacting the Pregnancy Coordinating Center at 1-888-239-0758, email [email protected], or visit www.fabrypregnancyregistry.com.
Animal Data
Migalastat concentrations in milk from rats following oral administration of up to 500 mg/kg twice daily (approximately 16 times the recommended human dose based on AUC) was approximately 2.5 times higher than levels in the rat maternal plasma at 4 hours post-dose. The concentration of migalastat in plasma from pups was approximately 11 times lower than the maternal plasma concentrations at 1-hour post-dose.
The effects of GALAFOLD on fertility in humans have not been studied. Transient and fully reversible infertility in male rats was associated with migalastat treatment at a systemic exposure (AUC) equivalent to the human exposure at the recommended dose. Complete reversibility was seen at 4 weeks after the termination of treatment. Migalastat did not affect fertility in female rats [see Nonclinical Toxicology].
The safety and effectiveness of GALAFOLD have not been established in pediatric patients.
Clinical trials of GALAFOLD did not include sufficient numbers of patients 65 years of age and older to determine whether they respond differently from younger adult patients.
Migalastat is substantially excreted by the kidneys. Systemic exposure was significantly increased in subjects with severe renal impairment (eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m²).
GALAFOLD has not been studied in patients with Fabry disease who have an eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m². GALAFOLD is not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment or end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis.
No dosage adjustment is required in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment (eGFR at least 30 mL/min/1.73 m² and above) [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
No Information provided
None.
Migalastat is a pharmacological chaperone that reversibly binds to the active site of the alpha-galactosidase A (alpha-Gal A) protein (encoded by the galactosidase alpha gene, GLA), which is deficient in Fabry disease. This binding stabilizes alpha-Gal A allowing its trafficking from the endoplasmic reticulum into the lysosome where it exerts its action. In the lysosome, at a lower pH and at a higher concentration of relevant substrates, migalastat dissociates from alpha-Gal A allowing it to break down the glycosphingolipids globotriaosylceramide (GL-3) and globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3). Certain GLA variants (mutations) causing Fabry disease result in the production of abnormally folded and less stable forms of the alpha-Gal A protein which, however, retain enzymatic activity. Those GLA variants, referred to as amenable variants, produce alpha-Gal A proteins that may be stabilized by migalastat thereby restoring their trafficking to lysosomes and their intralysosomal activity.
In an in vitro assay (HEK-293 assay), Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK-293) cell lines were transfected with specific GLA variants which produced variant alpha-Gal A proteins. In the transfected cells, amenability of the GLA variants was assessed after a 5-day incubation with 10 micromol/L migalastat. A GLA variant was categorized as amenable if the resultant variant alpha-Gal A activity (measured in the cell lysates) met two criteria: 1) it showed a relative increase of at least 20% compared to the pre-treatment alpha-Gal A activity, and 2) it showed an absolute increase of at least 3% of the wild-type (normal) alpha-Gal A activity.
The in vitro assay did not evaluate trafficking of the variant alpha-Gal A proteins into the lysosome or the dissociation of migalastat from the variant alpha-Gal A proteins within the lysosome. Also, the in vitro assay did not test whether a GLA variant causes Fabry disease or not.
The GLA variants that are amenable to treatment with GALAFOLD, either based on the in vitro assay data or on the concept that synonymous nucleotide changes leading to the same variant alpha-Gal A protein as a confirmed amenable GLA variant are amenable without additional testing, are shown in Table 2. In patients with multiple identified variants, the amenability assessment of each independent variant may not reflect the overall amenability classification of the combination of variants. The specific variant combination must be present within Table 2 (e.g., c.[164A>T; 170A>T]) and on a single chromosome (males and females) to be considered amenable to treatment with GALAFOLD. When multiple variants are identified in a female, it is recommended to consult a clinical genetics professional to determine whether the variants are on a single GLA allele.
Inclusion of GLA variants in this table does not reflect interpretation of their clinical significance in Fabry disease. Whether a certain amenable GLA variant in a patient with Fabry disease is disease-causing or not should be determined by the prescribing physician (in consultation with a clinical genetics professional, if needed) prior to treatment initiation. Consultation with a clinical genetics professional is strongly recommended in cases where the amenable GLA variant is of uncertain clinical significance (VUS, variant of uncertain significance) or may be benign (not causing Fabry disease).
If a GLA variant does not appear in Table 2, it is either non-amenable (if tested) or has not been tested for in vitro amenability. For further information, please contact Amicus Medical Information at 1-877-4AMICUS or [email protected].
Table 2: Amenable GLA Variants Based on the In Vitro Assay
| DNA Change (Long) | DNA Change (Short) | Protein Change (1-letter Code) | Protein Change (3-letter Code) |
| c.7C>G | c.C7G | p.(L3V) | p.(Leu3Val) |
| c.8T>C | c.T8C | p.(L3P) | p.(Leu3Pro) |
| c.[11G>T; 620A>C]† | c.[G11T; A620C]† | p.[(R4M; Y207S)]† | p.[(Arg4Met; Tyr207Ser)]† |
| c.37G>A | c.G37A | p.(A13T) | p.(Ala13Thr) |
| c.37G>C | c.G37C | p.(A13P) | p.(Ala13Pro) |
| c.43G>A | c.G43A | p.(A15T) | p.(Ala15Thr) |
| c.44C>G | c.C44G | p.(A15G) | p.(Ala15Gly) |
| c.53T>G | c.T53G | p.(F18C) | p.(Phe18Cys) |
| c.58G>C | c.G58C | p.(A20P) | p.(Ala20Pro) |
| c.59C>A | c.C59A | p.(A20D) | p.(Ala20Asp) |
| c.65T>G | c.T65G | p.(V22G) | p.(Val22Gly) |
| c.[70T>A; 1255A>G]† | c.[T70A; A1255G]† | p.[(W24R; N419D)]† | p.[(Trp24Arg; Asn419Asp)]† |
| c.70T>A or c.70T>C‡ | c.T70A or c.T70C‡ | p.(W24R) | p.(Trp24Arg) |
| c.70T>G | c.T70G | p.(W24G) | p.(Trp24Gly) |
| c.72G>C or c.72G>T‡ | c.G72C or c.G72T‡ | p.(W24C) | p.(Trp24Cys) |
| c.95T>C | c.T95C | p.(L32P) | p.(Leu32Pro) |
| c.97G>C | c.G97C | p.(D33H) | p.(Asp33His) |
| c.97G>T | c.G97T | p.(D33Y) | p.(Asp33Tyr) |
| c.98A>G | c.A98G | p.(D33G) | p.(Asp33Gly) |
| c.100A>C | c.A100C | p.(N34H) | p.(Asn34His) |
| c.100A>G | c.A100G | p.(N34D) | p.(Asn34Asp) |
| c.101A>C | c.A101C | p.(N34T) | p.(Asn34Thr) |
| c.101A>G | c.A101G | p.(N34S) | p.(Asn34Ser) |
| c.102T>A or c.102T>G‡ | c.T102A or c.T102G‡ | p.(N34K) | p.(Asn34Lys) |
| c.103G>A or c.103G>C‡ | c.G103A or c.G103C‡ | p.(G35R) | p.(Gly35Arg) |
| c.104G>A | c.G104A | p.(G35E) | p.(Gly35Glu) |
| c.104G>T | c.G104T | p.(G35V) | p.(Gly35Val) |
| c.107T>C | c.T107C | p.(L36S) | p.(Leu36Ser) |
| c.107T>G | c.T107G | p.(L36W) | p.(Leu36Trp) |
| c.108G>C or c.108G>T‡ | c.G108C or c.G108T‡ | p.(L36F) | p.(Leu36Phe) |
| c.109G>A | c.G109A | p.(A37T) | p.(Ala37Thr) |
| c.109G>T | c.G109T | p.(A37S) | p.(Ala37Ser) |
| c.110C>T | c.C110T | p.(A37V) | p.(Ala37Val) |
| c.122C>T | c.C122T | p.(T41I) | p.(Thr41Ile) |
| c.124A>C or c.124A>T‡ | c.A124C or c.A124T‡ | p.(M42L) | p.(Met42Leu) |
| c.124A>G | c.A124G | p.(M42V) | p.(Met42Val) |
| c.125T>A | c.T125A | p.(M42K) | p.(Met42Lys) |
| c.125T>C | c.T125C | p.(M42T) | p.(Met42Thr) |
| c.125T>G | c.T125G | p.(M42R) | p.(Met42Arg) |
| c.126G>A or c.126G>C or c.126G>T‡ | c.G126A or c.G126C‡ or c.G126T* | p.(M42I) | p.(Met42Ile) |
| c.137A>C | c.A137C | p.(H46P) | p.(His46Pro) |
| c.142G>C | c.G142C | p.(E48Q) | p.(Glu48Gln) |
| c.152T>A | c.T152A | p.(M51K) | p.(Met51Lys) |
| c.153G>A or c.153G>T‡ or c.153G>C‡ | c.G153A or c.G153T‡ or c.G153C‡ | p.(M51I) | p.(Met51Ile) |
| c.157_158delinsCT | c.157_158delinsCT | p.(N53L) | p.(Asn53Leu) |
| c.157A>G | c.A157G | p.(N53D) | p.(Asn53Asp) |
| c.160C>T | c.C160T | p.(L54F) | p.(Leu54Phe) |
| c.161T>C | c.T161C | p.(L54P) | p.(Leu54Pro) |
| c.164A>G | c.A164G | p.(D55G) | p.(Asp55Gly) |
| c.164A>T | c.A164T | p.(D55V) | p.(Asp55Val) |
| c.[164A>T; 170A>T]† | c.[A164T; A170T]† | p.[(D55V; Q57L)]† | p.[(Asp55Val; Gln57Leu)]† |
| c.167G>A | c.G167A | p.(C56Y) | p.(Cys56Tyr) |
| c.167G>T | c.G167T | p.(C56F) | p.(Cys56Phe) |
| c.170A>G | c.A170G | p.(Q57R) | p.(Gln57Arg) |
| c.170A>T | c.A170T | p.(Q57L) | p.(Gln57Leu) |
| c.175G>A | c.G175A | p.(E59K) | p.(Glu59Lys) |
| c.178C>A | c.C178A | p.(P60T) | p.(Pro60Thr) |
| c.178C>T | c.C178T | p.(P60S) | p.(Pro60Ser) |
| c.179C>T | c.C179T | p.(P60L) | p.(Pro60Leu) |
| c.196G>A | c.G196A | p.(E66K) | p.(Glu66Lys) |
| c.197A>G | c.A197G | p.(E66G) | p.(Glu66Gly) |
| c.207C>A or c.207C>G‡ | c.C207A or c.C207G‡ | p.(F69L) | p.(Phe69Leu) |
| c.214A>G | c.A214G | p.(M72V) | p.(Met72Val) |
| c.216G>A or c.216G>T‡ or c.216G>C‡ | c.G216A or c.G216T‡ or c.G216C‡ | p.(M72I) | p.(Met72Ile) |
| c.218C>T | c.C218T | p.(A73V) | p.(Ala73Val) |
| c.227T>C | c.T227C | p.(M76T) | p.(Met76Thr) |
| c.239G>A | c.G239A | p.(G80D) | p.(Gly80Asp) |
| c.239G>T | c.G239T | p.(G80V) | p.(Gly80Val) |
| c.247G>A | c.G247A | p.(D83N) | p.(Asp83Asn) |
| c.253G>A | c.G253A | p.(G85S) | p.(Gly85Ser) |
| c.253_254delinsAA | c. 253_254delinsAA | p.(G85N) | p.(Gly85Asn) |
| c.253_255delinsATG | c. 253_255delinsATG | p.(G85M) | p.(Gly85Met) |
| c.254G>A | c.G254A | p.(G85D) | p.(Gly85Asp) |
| c.261G>C or c.261G>T‡ | c.G261C or c.G261T‡ | p.(E87D) | p.(Glu87Asp) |
| c.263A>G | c.A263G | p.(Y88C) | p.(Tyr88Cys) |
| c.265C>T | c.C265T | p.(L89F) | p.(Leu89Phe) |
| c.272T>C | c.T272C | p.(I91T) | p.(Ile91Thr) |
| c.288G>A or c.288G>T‡ or c.288G>C‡ | c.G288A or c.G288T‡ or c.G288C‡ | p.(M96I) | p.(Met96Ile) |
| c.289G>C | c.G289C | p.(A97P) | p.(Ala97Pro) |
| c.290C>T | c.C290T | p.(A97V) | p.(Ala97Val) |
| c.305C>T | c.C305T | p.(S102L) | p.(Ser102Leu) |
| c.311G>T | c.G311T | p.(G104V) | p.(Gly104Val) |
| c.316C>T | c.C316T | p.(L106F) | p.(Leu106Phe) |
| c.320A>G | c.A320G | p.(Q107R) | p.(Gln107Arg) |
| c.322G>A | c.G322A | p.(A108T) | p.(Ala108Thr) |
| c.326A>G | c.A326G | p.(D109G) | p.(Asp109Gly) |
| c.334C>G | c.C334G | p.(R112G) | p.(Arg112Gly) |
| c.335G>A | c.G335A | p.(R112H) | p.(Arg112His) |
| c.335G>T | c.G335T | p.(R112L) | p.(Arg112Leu) |
| c.337T>A | c.T337A | p.(F113I) | p.(Phe113Ile) |
| c.337T>C or c.339T>A‡ or c.339T>G‡ | c.T337C or c.T339A‡ or c.T339G‡ | p.(F113L) | p.(Phe113Leu) |
| c.352C>T | c.C352T | p.(R118C) | p.(Arg118Cys) |
| c.361G>A | c.G361A | p.(A121T) | p.(Ala121Thr) |
| c.368A>G | c.A368G | p.(Y123C) | p.(Tyr123Cys) |
| c.373C>T | c.C373T | p.(H125Y) | p.(His125Tyr) |
| c.374A>T | c.A374T | p.(H125L) | p.(His125Leu) |
| c.376A>G | c.A376G | p.(S126G) | p.(Ser126Gly) |
| c.376A>T | c.A376T | p.(S126C) | p.(Ser126Cys) |
| c.383G>A | c.G383A | p.(G128E) | p.(Gly128Glu) |
| c.399T>G | c.T399G | p.(I133M) | p.(Ile133Met) |
| c.404C>T | c.C404T | p.(A135V) | p.(Ala135Val) |
| c.408T>A or c.408T>G‡ | c.T408A or c.T408G‡ | p.(D136E) | p.(Asp136Glu) |
| c.416A>G | c.A416G | p.(N139S) | p.(Asn139Ser) |
| c.419A>C | c.A419C | p.(K140T) | p.(Lys140Thr) |
| c.427G>A | c.G427A | p.(A143T) | p.(Ala143Thr) |
| c.431G>A | c.G431A | p.(G144D) | p.(Gly144Asp) |
| c.431G>T | c.G431T | p.(G144V) | p.(Gly144Val) |
| c.434T>C | c.T434C | p.(F145S) | p.(Phe145Ser) |
| c.436C>T | c.C436T | p.(P146S) | p.(Pro146Ser) |
| c.437C>G | c.C437G | p.(P146R) | p.(Pro146Arg) |
| c.454T>C | c.T454C | p.(Y152H) | p.(Tyr152His) |
| c.454T>G | c.T454G | p.(Y152D) | p.(Tyr152Asp) |
| c.455A>G | c.A455G | p.(Y152C) | p.(Tyr152Cys) |
| c.465T>A or c.465T>G‡ | c.T465A or c.T465G‡ | p.(D155E) | p.(Asp155Glu) |
| c.466G>A | c.G466A | p.(A156T) | p.(Ala156Thr) |
| c.466G>T | c.G466T | p.(A156S) | p.(Ala156Ser) |
| c.467C>T | c.C467T | p.(A156V) | p.(Ala156Val) |
| c.471G>C or c.471G>T‡ | c.G471C or c.G471T‡ | p.(Q157H) | p.(Gln157His) |
| c.484T>G | c.T484G | p.(W162G) | p.(Trp162Gly) |
| c.493G>C | c.G493C | p.(D165H) | p.(Asp165His) |
| c.494A>G | c.A494G | p.(D165G) | p.(Asp165Gly) |
| c.496_497delinsTC | c.496_497delinsTC | p.(L166S) | p.(Leu166Ser) |
| c.496C>G | c.C496G | p.(L166V) | p.(Leu166Val) |
| c.496_497delinsGG | c.496_497delinsGG | p.(L166G) | p.(Leu166Gly) |
| c.499C>G | c.C499G | p.(L167V) | p.(Leu167Val) |
| c.506T>C | c.T506C | p.(F169S) | p.(Phe169Ser) |
| c.511G>A | c.G511A | p.(G171S) | p.(Gly171Ser) |
| c.520T>C | c.T520C | p.(C174R) | p.(Cys174Arg) |
| c.520T>G | c.T520G | p.(C174G) | p.(Cys174Gly) |
| c.525C>G or c.525C>A‡ | c.C525G or c.C525A‡ | p.(D175E) | p.(Asp175Glu) |
| c.539T>G | c.T539G | p.(L180W) | p.(Leu180Trp) |
| c.540G>T or c.540G>C‡ | c.G540T or c.G540C‡ | p.(L180F) | p.(Leu180Phe) |
| c.548G>A | c.G548A | p.(G183D) | p.(Gly183Asp) |
| c.548G>C | c.G548C | p.(G183A) | p.(Gly183Ala) |
| c.550T>A | c.T550A | p.(Y184N) | p.(Tyr184Asn) |
| c.551A>C | c.A551C | p.(Y184S) | p.(Tyr184Ser) |
| c.551A>G | c.A551G | p.(Y184C) | p.(Tyr184Cys) |
| c.553A>G | c.A553G | p.(K185E) | p.(Lys185Glu) |
| c.559_564dup | c.559_564dup | p.(M187_S188dup) | p.(Met187_Ser188dup) |
| c.559A>G | c.A559G | p.(M187V) | p.(Met187Val) |
| c.560T>C | c.T560C | p.(M187T) | p.(Met187Thr) |
| c.561G>A or c.561G>T‡ or c.561G>C‡ | c.G561A or c.G561T‡ or c.G561C‡ | p.(M187I) | p.(Met187Ile) |
| c.567G>C or c.567G>T‡ | c.G567C or c.G567T‡ | p.(L189F) | p.(Leu189Phe) |
| c.572T>A | c.T572A | p.(L191Q) | p.(Leu191Gln) |
| c.581C>T | c.C581T | p.(T194I) | p.(Thr194Ile) |
| c.584G>T | c.G584T | p.(G195V) | p.(Gly195Val) |
| c.586A>G | c.A586G | p.(R196G) | p.(Arg196Gly) |
| c.593T>C | c.T593C | p.(I198T) | p.(Ile198Thr) |
| c.595G>A | c.G595A | p.(V199M) | p.(Val199Met) |
| c.596T>C | c.T596C | p.(V199A) | p.(Val199Ala) |
| c.596T>G | c.T596G | p.(V199G) | p.(Val199Gly) |
| c.599A>G | c.A599G | p.(Y200C) | p.(Tyr200Cys) |
| c.602C>A | c.C602A | p.(S201Y) | p.(Ser201Tyr) |
| c.602C>T | c.C602T | p.(S201F) | p.(Ser201Phe) |
| c.608A>T | c.A608T | p.(E203V) | p.(Glu203Val) |
| c.609G>C or c.609G>T‡ | c.G609C or c.G609T‡ | p.(E203D) | p.(Glu203Asp) |
| c.611G>T | c.G611T | p.(W204L) | p.(Trp204Leu) |
| c.613C>A | c.C613A | p.(P205T) | p.(Pro205Thr) |
| c.613C>T | c.C613T | p.(P205S) | p.(Pro205Ser) |
| c.614C>T | c.C614T | p.(P205L) | p.(Pro205Leu) |
| c.619T>C | c.T619C | p.(Y207H) | p.(Tyr207His) |
| c.620A>C | c.A620C | p.(Y207S) | p.(Tyr207Ser) |
| c.623T>G | c.T623G | p.(M208R) | p.(Met208Arg) |
| c.628C>T | c.C628T | p.(P210S) | p.(Pro210Ser) |
| c.629C>T | c.C629T | p.(P210L) | p.(Pro210Leu) |
| c.638A>G | c.A638G | p.(K213R) | p.(Lys213Arg) |
| c.638A>T | c.A638T | p.(K213M) | p.(Lys213Met) |
| c.640C>T | c.C640T | p.(P214S) | p.(Pro214Ser) |
| c.641C>T | c.C641T | p.(P214L) | p.(Pro214Leu) |
| c.643A>G | c.A643G | p.(N215D) | p.(Asn215Asp) |
| c.644A>G | c.A644G | p.(N215S) | p.(Asn215Ser) |
| c.[644A>G; 937G>T§]† | c.[A644G; G937T§]† | p.[(N215S; D313Y§)]† | p.[(Asn215Ser; Asp313Tyr§)]† |
| c.644A>T | c.A644T | p.(N215I) | p.(Asn215Ile) |
| c.646T>G | c.T646G | p.(Y216D) | p.(Tyr216Asp) |
| c.647A>G | c.A647G | p.(Y216C) | p.(Tyr216Cys) |
| c.655A>C | c.A655C | p.(I219L) | p.(Ile219Leu) |
| c.656T>A | c.T656A | p.(I219N) | p.(Ile219Asn) |
| c.656T>C | c.T656C | p.(I219T) | p.(Ile219Thr) |
| c.657C>G | c.C657G | p.(I219M) | p.(Ile219Met) |
| c.659G>A | c.G659A | p.(R220Q) | p.(Arg220Gln) |
| c.659G>C | c.G659C | p.(R220P) | p.(Arg220Pro) |
| c.662A>C | c.A662C | p.(Q221P) | p.(Gln221Pro) |
| c.664T>G | c.T664G | p.(Y222D) | p.(Tyr222Asp) |
| c.671A>C | c.A671C | p.(N224T) | p.(Asn224Thr) |
| c.671A>G | c.A671G | p.(N224S) | p.(Asn224Ser) |
| c.673C>G | c.C673G | p.(H225D) | p.(His225Asp) |
| c.682A>C | c.A682C | p.(N228H) | p.(Asn228His) |
| c.683A>G | c.A683G | p.(N228S) | p.(Asn228Ser) |
| c.687T>G or c.687T>A‡ | c.T687G or c.T687A‡ | p.(F229L) | p.(Phe229Leu) |
| c.695T>C | c.T695C | p.(I232T) | p.(Ile232Thr) |
| c.712A>G | c.A712G | p.(S238G) | p.(Ser238Gly) |
| c.713G>A | c.G713A | p.(S238N) | p.(Ser238Asn) |
| c.716T>C | c.T716C | p.(I239T) | p.(Ile239Thr) |
| c.717A>G | c.A717G | p.(I239M) | p.(Ile239Met) |
| c.720G>C or c.720G>T‡ | c.G720C or c.G720T‡ | p.(K240N) | p.(Lys240Asn) |
| c.724A>G | c.A724G | p.(I242V) | p.(Ile242Val) |
| c.724A>T | c.A724T | p.(I242F) | p.(Ile242Phe) |
| c.725T>A | c.T725A | p.(I242N) | p.(Ile242Asn) |
| c.725T>C | c.T725C | p.(I242T) | p.(Ile242Thr) |
| c.728T>C | c.T728C | p.(L243S) | p.(Leu243Ser) |
| c.728T>G | c.T728G | p.(L243W) | p.(Leu243Trp) |
| c.729G>C or c.729G>T‡ | c.G729C or c.G729T‡ | p.(L243F) | p.(Leu243Phe) |
| c.730G>A | c.G730A | p.(D244N) | p.(Asp244Asn) |
| c.730G>C | c.G730C | p.(D244H) | p.(Asp244His) |
| c.733T>G | c.T733G | p.(W245G) | p.(Trp245Gly) |
| c.740C>G | c.C740G | p.(S247C) | p.(Ser247Cys) |
| c.747C>G or c.747C>A‡ | c.C747G or c.C747A‡ | p.(N249K) | p.(Asn249Lys) |
| c.749A>C | c.A749C | P.(Q250P) | p.(Gln250Pro) |
| c.749A>G | c.A749G | p.(Q250R) | p.(Gln250Arg) |
| c.750G>C | c.G750C | p.(Q250H) | p.(Gln250His) |
| c.758T>C | c.T758C | p.(I253T) | p.(Ile253Thr) |
| c.758T>G | c.T758G | p.(I253S) | p.(Ile253Ser) |
| c.761_763delTTG | c.761 763delTTG [a.k.a. c.760_762delGTT¶] | p.(V254del) | p.(Val254del) |
| c.769G>C | c.G769C | p.(A257P) | p.(Ala257Pro) |
| c.770C>G | c.C770G | p.(A257G) | p.(Ala257Gly) |
| c.770C>T | c.C770T | p.(A257V) | p.(Ala257Val) |
| c.772G>C or c.772G>A‡ | c.G772C or c.G772A‡ | p.(G258R) | p.(Gly258Arg) |
| c.773G>T | c.G773T | p.(G258V) | p.(Gly258Val) |
| c.776C>A | c.C776A | p.(P259Q) | p.(Pro259Gln) |
| c.776C>G | c.C776G | p.(P259R) | p.(Pro259Arg) |
| c.776C>T | c.C776T | p.(P259L) | p.(Pro259Leu) |
| c.779G>A | c.G779A | p.(G260E) | p.(Gly260Glu) |
| c.779G>C | c.G779C | p.(G260A) | p.(Gly260Ala) |
| c.781G>A | c.G781A | p.(G261S) | p.(Gly261Ser) |
| c.781G>C | c.G781C | p.(G261R) | p.(Gly261Arg) |
| c.781G>T | c.G781T | p.(G261C) | p.(Gly261Cys) |
| c.788A>G | c.A788G | p.(N263S) | p.(Asn263Ser) |
| c.790G>T | c.G790T | p.(D264Y) | p.(Asp264Tyr) |
| c.794C>T | c.C794T | p.(P265L) | p.(Pro265Leu) |
| c.800T>C | c.T800C | p.(M267T) | p.(Met267Thr) |
| c.805G>A | c.G805A | p.(V269M) | p.(Val269Met) |
| c.805G>C | c.G805C | p.(V269L) | p.(Val269Leu) |
| c.806T>C | c.T806C | p.(V269A) | p.(Val269Ala) |
| c.809T>C | c.T809C | p.(I270T) | p.(Ile270Thr) |
| c.810T>G | c.T810G | p.(I270M) | p.(Ile270Met) |
| c.811G>A | c.G811A | p.(G271S) | p.(Gly271Ser) |
| c.[811G>A; 937G>T§]† | c.[G811A; G937T§]† | p.[(G271S; D313Y§)]† | p.[(Gly271Ser; Asp313Tyr§)]† |
| c.812G>A | c.G812A | p.(G271D) | p.(Gly271Asp) |
| c.812G>C | c.G812C | p.(G271A) | p.(Gly271Ala) |
| c.823C>G | c.C823G | p.(L275V) | p.(Leu275Val) |
| c.827G>A | c.G827A | p.(S276N) | p.(Ser276Asn) |
| c.829T>G | c.T829G | p.(W277G) | p.(Trp277Gly) |
| c.831G>C or c.831G>T‡ | c.G831C or c.G831T‡ | p.(W277C) | p.(Trp277Cys) |
| c.832A>T | c.A832T | p.(N278Y) | p.(Asn278Tyr) |
| c.835C>G | c.C835G | p.(Q279E) | p.(Gln279Glu) |
| c.838C>A | c.C838A | p.(Q280K) | p.(Gln280Lys) |
| c.840A>T or c.840A>C‡ | c.A840T or c.A840C‡ | p.(Q280H) | p.(Gln280His) |
| c.844A>G | c.A844G | p.(T282A) | p.(Thr282Ala) |
| c.845C>T | c.C845T | p.(T282I) | p.(Thr282Ile) |
| c.850A>G | c.A850G | p.(M284V) | p.(Met284Val) |
| c.851T>C | c.T851C | p.(M284T) | p.(Met284Thr) |
| c.860G>T | c.G860T | p.(W287L) | p.(Trp287Leu) |
| c.862G>C | c.G862C | p.(A288P) | p.(Ala288Pro) |
| c.866T>G | c.T866G | p.(I289S) | p.(Ile289Ser) |
| c.868A>C or c.868A>T‡ | c.A868C or c.A868T‡ | p.(M290L) | p.(Met290Leu) |
| c.869T>C | c.T869C | p.(M290T) | p.(Met290Thr) |
| c.870G>C or c.870G>A‡ or c.870G>T‡ | c.G870C or c.G870A‡ or c.G870T‡ | p.(M290I) | p.(Met290Ile) |
| c.871G>A | c.G871A | p.(A291T) | p.(Ala291Thr) |
| c.877C>A | c.C877A | p.(P293T) | p.(Pro293Thr) |
| c.881T>C | c.T881C | p.(L294S) | p.(Leu294Ser) |
| c.884T>G | c.T884G | p.(F295C) | p.(Phe295Cys) |
| c.886A>G | c.A886G | p.(M296V) | p.(Met296Val) |
| c.886A>C or c.886A>T‡ | c.A886C or c.A886T‡ | p.(M296L) | p.(Met296Leu) |
| c.887T>C | c.T887C | p.(M296T) | p.(Met296Thr) |
| c.888G>A or c.888G>T or c.888G>C‡ | c.G888A or c.G888T‡ or c.G888C‡ | p.(M296I) | p.(Met296Ile) |
| c.893A>G | c.A893G | p.(N298S) | p.(Asn298Ser) |
| c.897C>G or c.897C>A‡ | c.C897G or c.C897A‡ | p.(D299E) | p.(Asp299Glu) |
| c.898C>T | c.C898T | p.(L300F) | p.(Leu300Phe) |
| c.899T>C | c.T899C | p.(L300P) | p.(Leu300Pro) |
| c.901C>G | c.C901G | p.(R301G) | p.(Arg301Gly) |
| c.902G>A | c.G902A | p.(R301Q) | p.(Arg301Gln) |
| c.902G>C | c.G902C | p.(R301P) | p.(Arg301Pro) |
| c.902G>T | c.G902T | p.(R301L) | p.(Arg301Leu) |
| c.907A>T | c.A907T | p.(I303F) | p.(Ile303Phe) |
| c.908T>A | c.T908A | p.(I303N) | p.(Ile303Asn) |
| c.908T>C | c.T908C | p.(I303T) | p.(Ile303Thr) |
| c.911G>A | c.G911A | p.(S304N) | p.(Ser304Asn) |
| c.911G>C | c.G911C | p.(S304T) | p.(Ser304Thr) |
| c.919G>A | c.G919A | p.(A307T) | p.(Ala307Thr) |
| c.922A>G | c.A922G | p.(K308E) | p.(Lys308Glu) |
| c.924A>C or c.924A>T‡ | c.A924C or c.A924T‡ | p.(K308N) | p.(Lys308Asn) |
| c.925G>C | c.G925C | p.(A309P) | p.(Ala309Pro) |
| c.926C>T | c.C926T | p.(A309V) | p.(Ala309Val) |
| c.928C>T | c.C928T | p.(L310F) | p.(Leu310Phe) |
| c.931C>G | c.C931G | p.(L311V) | p.(Leu311Val) |
| c.935A>G | c.A935G | p.(Q312R) | p.(Gln312Arg) |
| c.936G>C or c.936G>T‡ | c.G936C or c.G936T‡ | p.(Q312H) | p.(Gln312His) |
| c.937G>T§ | c.G937T§ | p.(D313Y§) | p.(Asp313Tyr§) |
| c.[937G>T§; 1232G>A]† | c.[G937T§; G1232A]† | p.[(D313Y§; G411D)]† | p.[(Asp313Tyr§; Gly411Asp)]† |
| c.938A>G | c.A938G | p.(D313G) | p.(Asp313Gly) |
| c.946G>A | c.G946A | p.(V316I) | p.(Val316Ile) |
| c.947T>G | c.T947G | p.(V316G) | p.(Val316Gly) |
| c.950T>C | c.T950C | p.(I317T) | p.(Ile317Thr) |
| c.955A>T | c.A955T | p.(I319F) | p.(Ile319Phe) |
| c.956T>C | c.T956C | p.(I319T) | p.(Ile319Thr) |
| c.958A>C | c.A958C | p.(N320H) | p.(Asn320His) |
| c.959A>T | c.A959T | p.(N320I) | p.(Asn320Ile) |
| c.962A>G | c.A962G | p.(Q321R) | p.(Gln321Arg) |
| c.962A>T | c.A962T | p.(Q321L) | p.(Gln321Leu) |
| c.963G>C or c.963G>T‡ | c.G963C or c.G963T‡ | p.(Q321H) | p.(Gln321His) |
| c.964G>A | c.G964A | p.(D322N) | p.(Asp322Asn) |
| c.964G>C | c.G964C | p.(D322H) | p.(Asp322His) |
| c.966C>A or c.966C>G‡ | c.C966A or c.C966G‡ | p.(D322E) | p.(Asp322Glu) |
| c.967C>A | c.C967A | p.(P323T) | p.(Pro323Thr) |
| c.968C>G | c.C968G | p.(P323R) | p.(Pro323Arg) |
| c.973G>A | c.G973A | p.(G325S) | p.(Gly325Ser) |
| c.973G>C | c.G973C | p.(G325R) | p.(Gly325Arg) |
| c.978G>C or c.978G>T | c.G978C or c.G978T* | p.(K326N) | p.(Lys326Asn) |
| c.979C>G | c.C979G | p.(Q327E) | p.(Gln327Glu) |
| c.980A>T | c.A980T | p.(Q327L) | p.(Gln327Leu) |
| c.983G>C | c.G983C | p.(G328A) | p.(Gly328Ala) |
| c.989A>G | c.A989G | p.(Q330R) | p.(Gln330Arg) |
| c.1001G>A | c.G1001A | p.(G334E) | p.(Gly334Glu) |
| c.1010T>C | c.T1010C | p.(F337S) | p.(Phe337Ser) |
| c.1012G>A | c.G1012A | p.(E338K) | p.(Glu338Lys) |
| c.1013A>T | c.A1013T | p.(E338V) | p.(Glu338Val) |
| c.1016T>A | c.T1016A | p.(V339E) | p.(Val339Glu) |
| c.1027C>A | c.C1027A | p.(P343T) | p.(Pro343Thr) |
| c.1028C>T | c.C1028T | p.(P343L) | p.(Pro343Leu) |
| c.1033T>C | c.T1033C | p.(S345P) | p.(Ser345Pro) |
| c.1046G>C | c.G1046C | p.(W349S) | p.(Trp349Ser) |
| c.1055C>G | c.C1055G | p.(A352G) | p.(Ala352Gly) |
| c.1055C>T | c.C1055T | p.(A352V) | p.(Ala352Val) |
| c.1061T>A | c.T1061A | p.(I354K) | p.(Ile354Lys) |
| c.1066C>G | c.C1066G | p.(R356G) | p.(Arg356Gly) |
| c.1066C>T | c.C1066T | p.(R356W) | p.(Arg356Trp) |
| c.1067G>A | c.G1067A | p.(R356Q) | p.(Arg356Gln) |
| c.1067G>C | c.G1067C | p.(R356P) | p.(Arg356Pro) |
| c.1072G>C | c.G1072C | p.(E358Q) | p.(Glu358Gln) |
| c.1073A>C | c.A1073C | p.(E358A) | p.(Glu358Ala) |
| c.1073A>G | c.A1073G | p.(E358G) | p.(Glu358Gly) |
| c.1074G>T or c.1074G>C‡ | c.G1074T or c.G1074C‡ | p.(E358D) | p.(Glu358Asp) |
| c.1076T>C | c.T1076C | p.(I359T) | p.(Ile359Thr) |
| c.1078G>A | c.G1078A | p.(G360S) | p.(Gly360Ser) |
| c.1078G>C | c.G1078C | p.(G360R) | p.(Gly360Arg) |
| c.1078G>T | c.G1078T | p.(G360C) | p.(Gly360Cys) |
| c.1079G>A | c.G1079A | p.(G360D) | p.(Gly360Asp) |
| c.1082G>A | c.G1082A | p.(G361E) | p.(Gly361Glu) |
| c.1082G>C | c.G1082C | p.(G361A) | p.(Gly361Ala) |
| c.1084C>A | c.C1084A | p.(P362T) | p.(Pro362Thr) |
| c.1085C>T | c.C1085T | p.(P362L) | p.(Pro362Leu) |
| c.1087C>T | c.C1087T | p.(R363C) | p.(Arg363Cys) |
| c.1088G>A | c.G1088A | p.(R363H) | p.(Arg363His) |
| c.1102G>A | c.G1102A | p.(A368T) | p.(Ala368Thr) |
| c.1117G>A | c.G1117A | p.(G373S) | p.(Gly373Ser) |
| c.1124G>A | c.G1124A | p.(G375E) | p.(Gly375Glu) |
| c.1139C>T | c.C1139T | p.(P380L) | p.(Pro380Leu) |
| c.1153A>G | c.A1153G | p.(T385A) | p.(Tyr385Ala) |
| c.1163T>A | c.T1163A | p.(L388H) | p.(Leu388His) |
| c.1168G>A | c.G1168A | p.(V390M) | p.(Val390Met) |
| c.1172A>C | c.A1172C | p.(K391T) | p.(Lys391Thr) |
| c.1184G>A | c.G1184A | p.(G395E) | p.(Gly395Glu) |
| c.1184G>C | c.G1184C | p.(G395A) | p.(Gly395Ala) |
| c.1192G>A | c.G1192A | p.(E398K) | p.(Glu398Lys) |
| c.1202_1203insGACTTC | c.1202_1203insGACTTC | p.(T400_S401dup) | p.(Thr400_Ser401dup) |
| c.1208T>C | c.T1208C | p.(L403S) | p.(Leu403Ser) |
| c.1225C>A | c.C1225A | p.(P409T) | p.(Pro409Thr) |
| c.1225C>G | c.C1225G | p.(P409A) | p.(Pro409Ala) |
| c.1225C>T | c.C1225T | p.(P409S) | p.(Pro409Ser) |
| c.1228A>G | c.A1228G | p.(T410A) | p.(Thr410Ala) |
| c.1229C>T | c.C1229T | p.(T410I) | p.(Thr410Ile) |
| c.1232G>A | c.G1232A | p.(G411D) | p.(Gly411Asp) |
| c.1234A>C | c.A1234C | p.(T412P) | p.(Thr412Pro) |
| c.1235C>A | c.C1235A | p.(T412N) | p.(Thr412Asn) |
| c.1235C>T | c.C1235T | p.(T412I) | p.(Thr412Ile) |
| c.1253A>G | c.A1253G | p.(E418G) | p.(Glu418Gly) |
| c.1261A>G | c.A1261G | p.(M421V) | p.(Met421Val) |
| § Based on available published data, the GLA variant c.937G>T, (p.(D313Y)) is considered benign (not causing Fabry disease). Consultation with a clinical genetics professional is strongly recommended in patients with Fabry disease who have this GLA variant as additional evaluations may be indicated. † Multiple variant combination of two or more different variants on a single GLA allele that informs amenability. ‡ Synonymous variants are listed without testing in the in vitro amenability assay. GLA variant(s) with a different nucleotide change affecting the same amino acid position(s) as the tested GLA variant and predicted to encode the same variant alpha-Gal A enzyme are considered synonymous. ¶ c.761_763delTTG has been previously referred to as c.760_762delGTT. |
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In Study 1, 31 of 50 patients with amenable GLA variants (18 on GALAFOLD, 13 on placebo) had lyso-Gb3 assessments available after 6 months of treatment. The median change from baseline to month 6 in plasma lyso-Gb3 (nmol/L) was -2.37 (range -69.7, 1.8) in patients on GALAFOLD and 0.53 (range -21.5, 16.3) in patients on placebo. In the open-label treatment phase of Study 1, the 13 patients who were initially on placebo for 6 months and who switched to GALAFOLD for another 6 months had a median change in lyso-Gb3 (nmol/L) of -2.72 (range -61.1, -0.3). The 18 patients who were treated with GALAFOLD for 6 months and then continued GALAFOLD in the open-label treatment phase of Study 1 for an additional 6 months had no further changes in plasma lyso-Gb3.
In Study 2, 46 of 56 patients with amenable GLA variants (31 on GALAFOLD, 15 on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT)) had lyso-Gb3 assessments available after 18 months of treatment. The median change from baseline to month 18 in plasma lyso-Gb3 (nmol/L) was 0.53 (range -2.27, 28.3) in patients on GALAFOLD and -0.03 (range -11.9, 2.57) in patients on ERT.
At a dose approximately 8 times the recommended dose, GALAFOLD did not prolong the QT interval to any clinically relevant extent.
Following a single GALAFOLD oral dose of 123 mg, the absolute bioavailability (AUC) of migalastat was approximately 75% and the time to peak plasma concentration (tmax) was approximately 3 hours. Plasma migalastat exposure (AUC0-∞ and Cmax) demonstrated dose-proportional increases at oral doses from 75 mg to 1250 mg (doses from 0.5 to 8.3-fold of the approved recommended dosage). Migalastat does not accumulate following administration of 123 mg GALAFOLD every other day.
Effect Of Food
Administration of GALAFOLD one hour before a high-fat (850 calories; 56% from fat) or light meal (507 calories; 30% from fat), or one hour after a light meal, reduced the mean migalastat AUC0-∞ by 37% to 42% and Cmax by 15% to 39% compared to the fasting state [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
The apparent volume of distribution (Vz/F) of migalastat in Fabry patients was approximately 89 L (range: 77 to 133 L) at steady state. There was no detectable plasma protein binding following administration of [14C]-migalastat in the concentration range between 1 to 100 microM.
Metabolism
Based upon in vivo data, migalastat is a substrate for uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT), a minor elimination pathway.
Excretion
In a mass balance study in healthy male subjects, following oral administration of 123 mg [14C]-migalastat, approximately 77% of the total radiolabeled dose was recovered in urine and 20% of the total radiolabeled dose was recovered in feces with an overall total recovery of 98% within 96 hours post-dose. In urine, unchanged migalastat accounted for 80% of the radioactivity, which equates to 62% of the administered dose. In feces, unchanged migalastat was the only drug-related component. In plasma, unchanged migalastat accounted for approximately 77% of the plasma radioactivity and three dehydrogenated O-glucuronide conjugated metabolites, M1 to M3, together accounted for approximately 13% of the plasma radioactivity, none of which comprised more than 6% of the radiolabeled dose. Approximately 9% of the total radioactivity in plasma was unassigned.
Following a single oral dose of 123 mg GALAFOLD, migalastat is cleared from plasma with a mean half-life (t½) of approximately 4 hours and apparent clearance of 12.5 L/hr.
The pharmacokinetic characteristics of migalastat were not significantly different between healthy male and female subjects or patients with Fabry disease.
Clinical data indicate no ethnic differences in patient populations studied with migalastat.
In a single-dose study in subjects with varying degrees of renal impairment, exposure to migalastat (AUC) was increased by 1.2-, 1.8-, and 4.3-fold in subjects with mild (eGFR 60 to 90 mL/min/1.73 m²), moderate (eGFR 30 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m²), and severe renal impairment (eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m²), respectively, while the Cmax remained unchanged with severity of renal impairment [see Use In Specific Populations].
Migalastat is not a known inhibitor or inducer of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes, nor is it an inhibitor of BCRP, MDR1, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), or BSEP human efflux transporters, or OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1, OAT3, OCT1, OCT2, MATE1, or MATE2-K human uptake transporters. Migalastat is not a substrate of P-gp, BCRP, MDR1 or MATE1, MATE2-K, OAT1, OAT3, or OCT2. Migalastat showed low affinity for SGLT1, as both a substrate and an inhibitor, and showed no activity for SGLT2.
Co-administration of 190 mg caffeine reduced the mean migalastat AUC0-∞ by 55% and Cmax by 60% compared to without caffeine co-administration. The tmax of migalastat was not affected by co-administration of caffeine. No clinically significant pharmacokinetic changes were observed for migalastat when co-administered with sucrose, aspartame or acesulfame potassium [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION, DRUG INTERACTIONS].
Study AT1001-011 (referred to as Study 1; NCT00925301) included a 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase followed by a 6-month open-label treatment phase and a 12-month open-label extension phase. Patients received 123 mg GALAFOLD orally every other day taken without consuming food 2 hours before and 2 hours after each dose to give a minimum 4-hour fast [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
A total of 67 patients with Fabry disease who were naïve to GALAFOLD and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) or were previously treated with ERT (agalsidase beta or non-U.S. approved agalsidase alfa) and had been off ERT for at least 6 months were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either GALAFOLD 123 mg every other day or placebo for the first 6 months. In the second 6 months, all patients were treated with GALAFOLD.
Of the 67 enrolled patients, 50 patients (32 females, 18 males) had amenable GLA variants based on the in vitro amenability assay [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY]. The median age of this population was 45 years (range from 16 to 68 years old); 65 were White (97%), and 2 were other racial group (3%). The major efficacy outcome measure of the average number of GL-3 inclusions per kidney interstitial capillary (KIC) in renal biopsy samples was assessed by light microscopy before and after treatment.
Efficacy was evaluated after 6 months of treatment in 45 of 50 patients with amenable GLA variants (29 females and 16 males) and with available histology data both at baseline and month 6. Of the 45 evaluable patients, 25 received GALAFOLD (18 females, 7 males) and 20 received placebo (11 females, 9 males). The proportion of patients with ≥ 50% reduction from baseline in the average number of GL-3 inclusions per KIC and the median changes from baseline in the average number of GL-3 inclusions per KIC after 6 months of treatment in Study 1 are shown in Table 3.
Table 3: Changes from Baseline to Month 6 in Average Number of GL-3 Inclusions per KIC in Adults with Fabry Disease with Amenable GLA Variants in Study 1 (N = 45)
| GALAFOLD n/N (%) with ≥ 50% reduction Median change from baseline (range) | Placebo n/N (%) with ≥ 50% reduction Median change from baseline (range) | |
| All patients (N = 45) | 13/25 (52%) -0.04 (-1.94, 0.26) |
9/20 (45%) -0.03 (-1.00, 1.69) |
| Females (N = 29) | 8/18 (44%) -0.02 (-0.46, 0.26) |
5/11 (46%) -0.03 (-0.35, 0.10) |
| Males (N = 16) | 5/7 (71%) -1.10 (-1.94, -0.02) |
4/9 (44%) -0.03 (-1.00, 1.69) |
| Patients with baseline GL-3 ≥ 0.3 (N = 17; 9 males, 8 females) | 7/9 (78%) -0.91 (-1.94, 0.19) |
2/8 (25%) -0.02 (-1.00, 1.69) |
| Patients with baseline GL-3 < 0.3 (N = 28; 7 males, 21 females) | 6/16 (38%) -0.02 (-0.10, 0.26) |
7/12 (58%) -0.05 (-0.16, 0.14) |
Of the 67 enrolled patients in Study 1, 17 patients had non-amenable GLA variants. These patients had no change from baseline in the average number of GL-3 inclusions per KIC after 6 months of treatment.
GALAFOLD®
(GAL-a-fold)
(migalastat) capsules
What is GALAFOLD?
GALAFOLD is a prescription medicine used to treat adults with Fabry disease who have a certain genetic change (variant) in the galactosidase alpha gene (GLA) that is responsive (amenable) to GALAFOLD.
It is not known if GALAFOLD is safe and effective in children.
Before taking GALAFOLD, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Exposure Study. There is a study that collects information on pregnant women with Fabry disease and women with Fabry disease who take GALAFOLD and breastfeed a baby up to 1 year of age. The purpose of this study is to collect information about the health of you and your baby. Talk to your healthcare provider about how you can take part in this study.
Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-thecounter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take medicines or supplements containing caffeine as these medicines or supplements may affect how GALAFOLD works.
Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist each time you get a new medicine.
How should I take GALAFOLD?
What are the possible side effects of GALAFOLD?
The most common side effects of GALAFOLD include:
These are not all the possible side effects of GALAFOLD.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800FDA-1088.
You may also report side effects to Amicus Therapeutics at 1-877-426-4287.
How should I store GALAFOLD?
Keep GALAFOLD and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General information about the safe and effective use of GALAFOLD.
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use GALAFOLD for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give GALAFOLD to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for information about GALAFOLD that is written for health professionals.
What are the ingredients in GALAFOLD?
Active ingredient: migalastat hydrochloride
Inactive ingredients: magnesium stearate and pregelatinized starch.
Capsule shells contain gelatin, indigotine -FD&C Blue 2, and titanium dioxide.
The black ink contains black iron oxide, potassium hydroxide, and shellac.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
GALAFOLD®
(GAL-a-fold)(migalastat)capsules
This Instructions for Use contains information on how to take GALAFOLD. Read this Instructions for Use before you start taking GALAFOLD and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment.
Important Information You Need to Know Before Taking GALAFOLD.
How to remove a capsule:
Step 1. Remove the adhesive seal holding the cover. Lift the cover of your GALAFOLD carton (See Figure A).
Figure A
 |
Step 2. Press and hold down the purple tab with your thumb on the left side of the carton (See Figure B), and continue to Step 3.
Figure B. Opened carton
 |
Step 3. Grasp the tab on the right side of the blister card where it says, “PULL OUT HERE” and pull out the folded blister card (See Figure C).
Figure C
 |
Step 4. Unfold the blister card (See Figure D).
Figure D: Front of the blister card
 |
Taking GALAFOLD capsules:
Each GALAFOLD blister card contains 14 GALAFOLD capsules (enough for 28 days of treatment with GALAFOLD) and 14 white cardboard circles. The white cardboard circles are to remind you to take GALAFOLD every other day.
The arrow directs you to begin the next 2 weeks of treatment after Day 14 (See Figure E).
Figure E: Front of the blister card
 |
Step 5. On your first day of taking GALAFOLD from a new blister card, record the date on the blister card next to “Starting date:” (See Figure F).
Figure F: Front of the blister card
 |
Step 6. Locate the GALAFOLD capsule to remove for the dosing day. Turn the blister card over to show the back of the card.
Bend the card as shown (See Figure G).
Note: Bending the blister card helps raise the oval perforated cardboard.
Figure G: Back of the blister card
 |
Step 7. Remove the oval perforated cardboard (See Figure H).
Note: After removing the oval cardboard, the white backing of the foil may be present, which is ok.
Figure H: Back of the blister card
 |
Step 8. Turn the blister card over to show the front of the card.
Push the GALAFOLD capsule out (See Figure I).
Figure I: Front of the blister card
 |
Step 9. On the next day, move to the perforated white cardboard circle on the top row. Press down on the white cardboard circle to remove it (See Figure J).
Note: Removing this white cardboard circle will help you remember which day you do not take GALAFOLD.
Take 1 GALAFOLD capsule every other day.
Fold the blister card, and slide it back into the carton after each use.
Figure J: Front of the blister card
 |
Change (alternate) each day between taking the GALAFOLD capsule and removing the perforated white cardboard circle until you reach Day 28. Start a new blister card when you are finished with Day 28.
How should I store GALAFOLD?
Keep GALAFOLD and all medicines out of the reach of children.
This Instructions for Use has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
