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PIQRAY (alpelisib) is a kinase inhibitor. The chemical name of alpelisib is (2S)-N1-[4-Methyl-5-[2-(2,2,2- trifluoro-1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-pyridinyl]-2-thiazolyl]-1,2-pyrrolidinedicarboxamide. Alpelisib is a white to almost white powder. The molecular formula for alpelisib is C19H22F3N5O2S and the relative molecular mass is 441.47 g/mol. The chemical structure of alpelisib is shown below:
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PIQRAY film-coated tablets are supplied for oral administration with three strengths that contain 50 mg, 150 mg and 200 mg of alpelisib. The tablets also contain hypromellose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate. The film-coating contains hypromellose, iron oxide black, iron oxide red, macrogol/polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000, talc, and titanium dioxide.
PIQRAY is indicated in combination with fulvestrant for the treatment of adults with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, PIK3CA-mutated, advanced or metastatic breast cancer as detected by an FDA-approved test following progression on or after an endocrine-based regimen.
Select patients for the treatment of HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer with PIQRAY, based on the presence of one or more PIK3CA mutations in tumor tissue or plasma specimens [see Clinical Studies]. If no mutation is detected in a plasma specimen, test tumor tissue. Information on FDA-approved tests for the detection of PIK3CA mutations in breast cancer is available at: https://www.fda.gov/CompanionDiagnostics.
The recommended dose of PIQRAY is 300 mg (two 150 mg film-coated tablets) taken orally, once daily, with food [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
Continue treatment until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
Patients should take their dose of PIQRAY at approximately the same time each day.
Swallow PIQRAY tablets whole (tablets should not be chewed, crushed or split prior to swallowing). No tablet should be ingested if it is broken, cracked, or otherwise not intact.
If a dose of PIQRAY is missed, it can be taken with food within 9 hours after the time it is usually taken. After more than 9 hours, skip the dose for that day. The next day, take PIQRAY at the usual time.
If the patient vomits after taking the dose, advise the patient not to take an additional dose on that day, and to resume the dosing schedule the next day at the usual time.
When given with PIQRAY, the recommended dose of fulvestrant is 500 mg administered on Days 1, 15, and 29, and once monthly thereafter. Refer to the Full Prescribing Information for fulvestrant.
The recommended dose modifications for adverse reactions are listed in Table 1.
Table 1: PIQRAY Dose Reduction Guidelines for Adverse Reactions1
| PIQRAY dose level | Dose and schedule | Number and strength of tablets |
| Starting dose | 300 mg once daily | Two 150 mg tablets |
| First-dose reduction | 250 mg once daily | One 200 mg tablet and one 50 mg tablet |
| Second-dose reduction | 200 mg once daily2 | One 200 mg tablet |
| 1Only one dose reduction is permitted for pancreatitis. 2If further dose reduction below 200 mg once daily is required, discontinue PIQRAY. |
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Tables 2, 3, 4, and 5 summarize recommendations for dose interruption, reduction, or discontinuation of PIQRAY in the management of specific adverse reactions.
If a severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR) is confirmed, permanently discontinue PIQRAY. Do not reintroduce PIQRAY in patients who have experienced previous SCAR during PIQRAY treatment [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Table 2: Dose Modification and Management for Rash and Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions (SCARs) [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
| Grade1,2 | Recommendation3 |
| Grade 1 (< 10% body surface area (BSA) with active skin toxicity) |
No PIQRAY dose adjustment required. Initiate topical corticosteroid treatment. Consider adding oral antihistamine to manage symptoms. If active rash is not improved within 28 days of appropriate treatment, add a low dose systemic corticosteroid. If the etiology is SCAR, permanently discontinue PIQRAY. |
| Grade 2 (10%-30% BSA with active skin toxicity) |
No PIQRAY dose adjustment required. Initiate or intensify topical corticosteroid and oral antihistamine treatment. Consider low dose systemic corticosteroid treatment. If rash improves to Grade ≤ 1 within 10 days, systemic corticosteroid may be discontinued. If the etiology is SCAR, permanently discontinue PIQRAY. |
| Grade 3 (e.g., severe rash not responsive to medical management) (> 30% BSA with active skin toxicity) |
Interrupt PIQRAY. Initiate or intensify topical/systemic corticosteroid and oral antihistamine treatment. If the etiology is SCAR, permanently discontinue PIQRAY. If the etiology is not a SCAR, interrupt dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1, then resume PIQRAY at next lower dose level. |
| Grade 4 (e.g., severe bullous, blistering or exfoliating skin conditions) (any % BSA associated with extensive superinfection, with IV antibiotics indicated; life-threatening consequences) |
Permanently discontinue PIQRAY. |
| 1Grading according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 5.0. 2For all grades of rash, consider consultation with a dermatologist. 3Antihistamines administered prior to rash onset may decrease incidence and severity of rash based on the SOLAR-1 trial. |
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Before initiating treatment with PIQRAY, test fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, and optimize blood glucose.
Consider premedication with metformin prior to the initiation of PIQRAY in combination with fulvestrant based on patient risk factors for hyperglycemia, gastrointestinal tolerability, and clinical situation [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS) and ADVERSE REACTIONS].
After initiating treatment with PIQRAY, monitor fasting glucose (FPG or fasting blood glucose) at least once every week for the first 2 weeks, then at least once every 4 weeks, and as clinically indicated. Monitor HbA1c every 3 months and as clinically indicated. In patients with risk factors for hyperglycemia, monitor fasting glucose more closely and as clinically indicated [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS)].
Table 3: Dose Modification and Management for Hyperglycemia [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
| Fasting plasma glucose (FPG)/Fasting blood glucose values1 | Recommendation |
| Dose modifications and management should only be based on fasting glucose values (FPG or fasting blood glucose). | |
| Grade 1 Fasting glucose > ULN -160 mg/dL or > ULN -8.9 mmol/L |
No PIQRAY dose adjustment required. Initiate or intensify anti-hyperglycemic treatment2 |
| Grade 2 Fasting glucose > 160-250 mg/dL or > 8.9-13.9 mmol/L |
No PIQRAY dose adjustment required. Initiate or intensify anti-hyperglycemic treatment2 . If fasting glucose does not decrease to ≤ 160 mg/dL or 8.9 mmol/L within 21 days under appropriate anti-hyperglycemic treatment2,3, reduce PIQRAY dose by 1 dose level and follow fasting glucose value specific recommendations. |
| Grade 3 > 250-500 mg/dL or > 13.9-27.8 mmol/L |
Interrupt PIQRAY. Initiate or intensify oral anti-hyperglycemic treatment2 and consider additional anti-hyperglycemic medications3 for 1-2 days until hyperglycemia improves, as clinically indicated. Administer intravenous hydration and consider appropriate treatment (e.g., intervention for electrolyte/ketoacidosis/hyperosmolar disturbances). If fasting glucose decreases to ≤ 160 mg/dL or 8.9 mmol/L within 3 to 5 days under appropriate anti-hyperglycemic treatment, resume PIQRAY at 1 lower dose level. If fasting glucose does not decrease to ≤ 160 mg/dL or 8.9 mmol/L within 3 to 5 days under appropriate anti-hyperglycemic treatment, consultation with a physician with expertise in the treatment of hyperglycemia is recommended. If fasting glucose does not decrease to ≤ 160 mg/dL or 8.9 mmol/L within 21 days following appropriate anti-hyperglycemic treatment2,3, permanently discontinue PIQRAY treatment. |
| Grade 4 > 500 mg/dL or > 27.8 mmol/L |
Interrupt PIQRAY. Initiate or intensify appropriate anti-hyperglycemic treatment2,3 (administer intravenous hydration and consider appropriate treatment (e.g., intervention for electrolyte/ketoacidosis/hyperosmolar disturbances)), re-check fasting glucose within 24 hours and as clinically indicated. If fasting glucose decreases to ≤ 500 mg/dL or 27.8 mmol/L, follow fasting glucose value-specific recommendations for Grade 3. If fasting glucose is confirmed at > 500 mg/dL or 27.8 mmol/L, permanently discontinue PIQRAY treatment. |
| Abbreviation: ULN, upper limit of normal. 1FPG/Fasting Blood Glucose/Grade levels reflect hyperglycemia grading according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 4.03. 2Initiate applicable anti-hyperglycemic medications, including metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors or insulin sensitizers (such as thiazolidinediones or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors), and review respective prescribing information for dosing and dose titration recommendations, including local hyperglycemic treatment guidelines. Metformin was recommended in the SOLAR-1 trial with the following guidance: Initiate metformin 500 mg once daily. Based on tolerability, metformin dose may be increased to 500 mg twice daily, followed by 500 mg with breakfast, and 1,000 mg with dinner, followed by further increase to 1,000 mg twice daily if needed [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ]. 3As recommended in the SOLAR-1 trial, insulin may be used for 1-2 days until hyperglycemia resolves. However, this may not be necessary in the majority of PIQRAY-induced hyperglycemia, given the short half-life of PIQRAY and the expectation of glucose levels normalizing after interruption of PIQRAY. |
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Table 4: Dose Modification and Management for Diarrhea or Colitis [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]
| Grade1 | Recommendation |
| Grade 1 | No PIQRAY dose adjustment is required. Initiate appropriate medical therapy and monitor as clinically indicated. |
| Grade 2 | Interrupt PIQRAY dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1, then resume PIQRAY at the same dose level. For recurrent Grade ≥ 2, interrupt PIQRAY dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1, then resume PIQRAY at the next lower dose level. Initiate or intensify appropriate medical therapy and monitor as clinically indicated2 . |
| Grade 3 | Interrupt PIQRAY dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1, then resume PIQRAY at the next lower dose level. Initiate or intensify appropriate medical therapy and monitor as clinically indicated2 . |
| Grade 4 | Permanently discontinue PIQRAY. |
| 1Grading according to CTCAE Version 5.0. 2For Grade 2 and 3 colitis, consider additional treatment, such as enteric-acting and/or systemic steroids. |
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Table 5: Dose Modification and Management for Other Toxicities (Excluding Hyperglycemia, Rash and Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions, and Diarrhea or Colitis)
| Grade 1 | Recommendation |
| Grade 1 or 2 | No PIQRAY dose adjustment is required. Initiate appropriate medical therapy and monitor as clinically indicated2,3. |
| Grade 3 | Interrupt PIQRAY dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1, then resume PIQRAY at the next lower dose level. |
| Grade 4 | Permanently discontinue PIQRAY. |
| 1Grading according to CTCAE Version 5.0. 2For Grade 2 and 3 pancreatitis, interrupt PIQRAY dose until improvement to Grade < 2 and resume at next lower-dose level. Only one dose reduction is permitted. If toxicity reoccurs, permanently discontinue PIQRAY treatment. 3For Grade 2 total bilirubin elevation, interrupt PIQRAY dose until improvement to Grade ≤ 1 and resume at the same dose if resolved in ≤ 14 days or resume at the next lower dose level if improved in > 14 days. |
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Refer to the Full Prescribing Information of fulvestrant for dose modification guidelines in the event of toxicity and for other relevant safety information.
Tablets: 50 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg alpelisib
50 mg: Light pink, unscored, round and curved with beveled edges film-coated tablet, imprinted with “L7” on one side and “NVR” on the other side.
150 mg: Pale red, unscored, ovaloid and curved with beveled edges film-coated tablet, imprinted with “UL7” on one side and “NVR” on the other side.
200 mg: Light red, unscored, ovaloid and curved with beveled edges film-coated tablet, imprinted with “YL7” on one side and “NVR” on the other side.
PIQRAY (alpelisib) 50 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg film-coated tablets [see Dosage Forms And Strengths].
| Daily dose | Each carton contains | Each blister pack contains | NDC |
| 300 mg daily dose | 2 blister packs (56 tablets total) | A 14-day supply of 28 tablets (28 tablets, 150 mg alpelisib per tablet) | NDC 0078-0708-02 |
| 250 mg daily dose | 2 blister packs (56 tablets total) | A 14-day supply of 28 tablets (14 tablets, 200 mg alpelisib per tablet and 14 tablets, 50 mg alpelisib per tablet) | NDC 0078-0715-02 |
| 200 mg daily dose | 1 blister pack (28 tablets total) | A 28-day supply of 28 tablets (28 tablets, 200 mg alpelisib per tablet) | NDC 0078-0701-84 |
Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), excursions permitted between 15°C and 30°C (59°F and 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Distributed by: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey 07936. Revised: Jan 2024.
The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety of PIQRAY was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (SOLAR-1) in 571 patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative, advanced or metastatic breast cancer enrolled into two cohorts, with or without a PIK3CA mutation [see Clinical Studies].
Patients received either PIQRAY 300 mg plus fulvestrant (n = 284) or placebo plus fulvestrant (n = 287). Fulvestrant 500 mg was administered intramuscularly on Cycle 1, Day 1 and 15, and then at Day 1 of each 28-day cycle during treatment phase.
Two patients (0.7%) died while on treatment with PIQRAY plus fulvestrant due to causes other than the underlying malignancy. Causes of death included one cardio-respiratory arrest and one second primary malignancy. Neither was suspected to be related to study treatment.
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 35% of patients receiving PIQRAY plus fulvestrant. Serious adverse reactions in > 2% of patients receiving PIQRAY plus fulvestrant included hyperglycemia (10%), rash (3.5%), diarrhea (2.8%), acute kidney injury (2.5%), abdominal pain (2.1%), and anemia (2.1%).
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) was reported in 4.2% of patients (12/284) in the PIQRAY plus fulvestrant arm compared to 1.4% of patients (4/287) in the placebo arm. All patients experiencing ONJ had prior or concomitant bisphosphonates or RANK-ligand inhibitor administration.
Among patients receiving PIQRAY plus fulvestrant, 4.6% permanently discontinued both PIQRAY and fulvestrant and 21% permanently discontinued PIQRAY alone, due to adverse reactions. The most frequent adverse reactions leading to treatment discontinuation of PIQRAY in > 2% patients receiving PIQRAY plus fulvestrant were hyperglycemia (6%), rash (4.2%), diarrhea (2.8%), and fatigue (2.5%).
Dose reductions due to adverse reactions occurred in 55% of patients receiving PIQRAY plus fulvestrant. The most frequent adverse reactions leading to dose reduction in > 2% patients receiving PIQRAY plus fulvestrant were hyperglycemia (29%), rash (9%), diarrhea (6%), stomatitis (3.5%), and mucosal inflammation (2.1%).
The most common adverse reactions, including laboratory abnormalities (all grades, incidence ≥ 20%) were glucose increased, creatinine increased, diarrhea, rash, lymphocyte count decreased, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increased, nausea, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased, fatigue, hemoglobin decreased, lipase increased, decreased appetite, stomatitis, vomiting, weight decreased, calcium decreased, glucose decreased, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) prolonged, and alopecia.
Adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities are listed in Table 6 and Table 7, respectively.
Table 6: Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 10% and ≥ 2% Higher than Placebo Arm in SOLAR-1 (All Grades)
| Adverse reactions | PIQRAY plus fulvestrant N = 284 |
Placebo plus fulvestrant N = 287 |
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| All Grades % | Grade 3-4 % | All Grades % | Grade 3-4 % | |
| Gastrointestinal disorders | ||||
| Diarrhea | 58 | 7* | 16 | 0.3* |
| Nausea | 45 | 2.5* | 22 | 0.3* |
| Stomatitis1 | 30 | 2.5* | 6 | 0* |
| Vomiting | 27 | 0.7* | 10 | 0.3* |
| Abdominal pain2 | 17 | 1.4* | 11 | 1* |
| Dyspepsia | 11 | 0* | 6 | 0* |
| General disorders and administration site conditions | ||||
| Fatigue3 | 42 | 5* | 29 | 1* |
| Mucosal inflammation | 19 | 2.1* | 1 | 0* |
| Edema peripheral | 15 | 0* | 5 | 0.3* |
| Pyrexia | 14 | 0.7 | 4.9 | 0.3* |
| Mucosal dryness4 | 12 | 0.4* | 4.2 | 0* |
| Infections and infestations | ||||
| Urinary tract infection5 | 10 | 0.7* | 5 | 1* |
| Investigations | ||||
| Weight decreased | 27 | 3.9* | 2.1 | 0* |
| Metabolism and nutrition disorders | ||||
| Decreased appetite | 36 | 0.7* | 10 | 0.3* |
| Nervous system disorders | ||||
| Dysgeusia6 | 18 | 0.4* | 3.5 | 0* |
| Headache | 18 | 0.7* | 13 | 0* |
| Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | ||||
| Rash7 | 52 | 20* | 7 | 0.3* |
| Alopecia | 20 | 0* | 2.4 | 0* |
| Pruritus | 18 | 0.7* | 6 | 0* |
| Dry skin8 | 18 | 0.4* | 3.8 | 0* |
| Grading according to CTCAE Version 4.03. 1Stomatitis: including stomatitis, aphthous ulcer and mouth ulceration. 2Abdominal pain: abdominal pain, abdominal pain upper, abdominal pain lower. 3Fatigue: including fatigue, asthenia. 4Mucosal dryness: including dry mouth, mucosal dryness, vulvovaginal dryness. 5Urinary tract infection: including UTI and single case of urosepsis. 6Dysgeusia: including dysgeusia, ageusia, hypogeusia. 7Rash: including rash, rash maculo-papular, rash macular, rash generalized, rash papular, rash pruritic. 8Dry skin: including dry skin, skin fissures, xerosis, xeroderma. *No Grade 4 adverse reactions were reported. |
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Among the patients with Grade 2 or 3 rash, the median time to first onset of Grade 2 or 3 rash was 12 days. A subgroup of 86 patients received premedication, including antihistamines, prior to onset of rash. In these patients, rash was reported less frequently than in the overall population, for all grades rash (27% vs 54%), Grade 3 rash (12% vs 20%) and rash leading to permanent discontinuation of PIQRAY (3.5% vs 4.2%). Of the 153 patients who experienced rash, 141 had resolution of the rash.
Table 7: Laboratory Abnormalities Occurring in ≥ 10% of Patients in SOLAR-1
| Laboratory abnormality | PIQRAY plus fulvestrant N = 284 |
Placebo plus fulvestrant N = 287 |
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| All Grades % | Grade 3-4 % | All Grades % | Grade 3-4 % | |
| Hematological parameters | ||||
| Lymphocyte count decreased | 52 | 8 | 40 | 4.5* |
| Hemoglobin decreased | 42 | 4.2* | 29 | 1* |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) prolonged | 21 | 0.7* | 16 | 0.3* |
| Platelet count decreased | 14 | 1.1 | 6 | 0* |
| Biochemical parameters | ||||
| Glucose increased1 | 79 | 39 | 34 | 1 |
| Creatinine increased | 67 | 2.8* | 25 | 0.7* |
| Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) increased | 52 | 11 | 44 | 10 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased | 44 | 3.5 | 34 | 2.4* |
| Lipase increased | 42 | 7 | 25 | 6 |
| Calcium (corrected) decreased | 27 | 2.1 | 20 | 1.4 |
| Glucose decreased | 26 | 0.4 | 14 | 0* |
| Potassium decreased | 14 | 6 | 2.8 | 0.7* |
| Albumin decreased | 14 | 0* | 8 | 0* |
| Magnesium decreased | 11 | 0.4* | 4.2 | 0* |
| 1Glucose increase is an expected laboratory abnormality of PI3K inhibition. *No Grade 4 laboratory abnormalities were reported. |
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The safety of PIQRAY and endocrine therapy with metformin premedication was evaluated in METALLICA (NCT04300790), a single-arm, two-cohort study in 68 patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer harboring PIK3CA mutation(s). The majority of patients (93%) received fulvestrant as endocrine therapy during the study.
Cohort A enrolled patients with normal glycemic status (FPG < 100 mg/dl [< 5.6 mmol/L] and HbA1c < 5.7%) and Cohort B enrolled patients with impaired glycemic status (FPG 100–140 mg/dL [5.6–7.8 mmol/L] or HbA1c 5.7%–6.4%).
Metformin was administered beginning 7 days prior to treatment with PIQRAY. On Day 1 to Day 3, metformin 500 mg twice daily was administered orally and then increased up to 1,000 mg twice daily based on tolerability.
Hyperglycemia adverse reactions occurred in 33% (16/48) and 70% (14/20 patients) in Cohort A and Cohort B, respectively. Grade 3-4 hyperglycemia occurred in 2.1% (1/48) of patients in Cohort A and 15% (3/20) of patients in Cohort B. The incidence of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea adverse reactions, including Grade 3 diarrhea, increases with metformin premedication [see the WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 22% of patients in the METALLICA study and serious adverse reactions ≥2% included diarrhea (3%), rash (3%) and vomiting (3%).
The most common Grade 3-4 adverse reactions (≥ 5%) were rash (16%), diarrhea (13%), and hyperglycemia (6%).
Permanent discontinuation of PIQRAY due to adverse reactions in the METALLICA study occurred in 19% of patients, and dose modification or interruption of PIQRAY due to adverse reactions occurred in 56% of patients, of which 28% were dose reductions.
The most common adverse reactions (≥ 30%) in the METALLICA study were diarrhea (68%), nausea (68%), fatigue (46%), hyperglycemia (44%), rash (38%), and vomiting (34%).
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of PIQRAY. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Eye disorders: Uveitis
Gastrointestinal disorders: Colitis
Metabolism and nutrition disorders: Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS).
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: Angioedema, Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).
Coadministration of PIQRAY with a strong CYP3A4 inducer decreases alpelisib concentration [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY], which may reduce alpelisib efficacy. Avoid concomitant use of strong CYP3A4 inducers and consider an alternative concomitant drug with no or minimal potential to induce CYP3A4.
Coadministration of PIQRAY with a breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) inhibitor may increase alpelisib concentration [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY], which may increase the risk of toxicities. Avoid the use of BCRP inhibitors in patients treated with PIQRAY. If unable to use alternative drugs, when PIQRAY is used in combination with BCRP inhibitors, closely monitor for increased adverse reactions.
Included as part of the "PRECAUTIONS" Section
Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis and anaphylactic shock, can occur in patients treated with PIQRAY. Severe hypersensitivity reactions were manifested by symptoms, including, but not limited to, dyspnea, flushing, rash, fever, or tachycardia.
The incidence of Grade 3 and 4 hypersensitivity reactions was 0.7% [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Angioedema has been reported in the postmarketing setting in patients treated with PIQRAY [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Advise patients of the signs and symptoms of severe hypersensitivity reactions. Permanently discontinue PIQRAY in the event of severe hypersensitivity.
Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), erythema multiforme (EM), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) can occur in patients treated with PIQRAY.
In the SOLAR-1 study, SJS and EM were reported in 0.4% and 1.1% of the patients, respectively [see ADVERSE REACTIONS]. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) was reported in patients treated with PIQRAY in the postmarketing setting [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
If signs or symptoms of SCARs occur, interrupt PIQRAY until the etiology of the reaction has been determined. Consultation with a dermatologist is recommended.
If a SCAR is confirmed, permanently discontinue PIQRAY. Do not reintroduce PIQRAY in patients who have experienced previous severe cutaneous adverse reactions during PIQRAY treatment.
If a SCAR is not confirmed, PIQRAY may require dose modifications, topical corticosteroids, or oral antihistamine treatment as described in Table 2 [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
Advise patients of the signs and symptoms of SCARs (e.g., a prodrome of fever, flu-like symptoms, mucosal lesions, progressive skin rash, or lymphadenopathy).
Severe hyperglycemia, in some cases associated with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome (HHNKS) or ketoacidosis has occurred in patients treated with PIQRAY. Fatal cases of ketoacidosis have occurred in the postmarketing setting.
Hyperglycemia was reported in 65% of patients treated with PIQRAY. Grade 3 (FPG > 250 to 500 mg/dL) and Grade 4 (FPG > 500 mg/dL) hyperglycemia was reported in 33% and 3.9% of patients, respectively. Ketoacidosis was reported in 0.7% of patients (n = 2) treated with PIQRAY.
Among the patients who experienced Grade ≥ 2 (FPG 160 to 250 mg/dL) hyperglycemia, the median time to first occurrence of hyperglycemia was 15 days (range, 5 to 517 days).
In the 187 patients with hyperglycemia, 87% (163/187) were managed with anti-hyperglycemic medication, and 76% (142/187) reported use of metformin as single agent or in combination with other anti-hyperglycemic medication [i.e., insulin, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, and sulfonylureas]. In patients with Grade ≥ 2 hyperglycemia with at least 1 grade improvement (n = 153), median time to improvement from the first event was 8 days (range, 2 to 65 days).
In all patients with elevated FPG who continued fulvestrant treatment after discontinuing PIQRAY (n = 54), 96% (n = 52) of patients had FPG levels that returned to baseline.
Before initiating treatment with PIQRAY, test fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, and optimize blood glucose. After initiating treatment with PIQRAY, monitor fasting glucose (FPG or fasting blood glucose) at least once every week for the
first 2 weeks, then at least once every 4 weeks, and as clinically indicated. Monitor HbA1c every 3 months and as clinically indicated. Monitor fasting glucose more frequently for the first few weeks during treatment with PIQRAY in patients with risk factors for hyperglycemia, such as obesity (BMI ≥ 30), elevated FPG, HbA1c at the upper limit of normal or above, use of concomitant systemic corticosteroids, or age ≥ 75 [see Use In Specific Populations].
If a patient experiences hyperglycemia after initiating treatment with PIQRAY, monitor fasting glucose as clinically indicated, and at least twice weekly until fasting glucose decreases to normal levels. During treatment with antihyperglycemic medication, continue monitoring fasting glucose at least once a week for 8 weeks, followed by once every 2 weeks and as clinically indicated. Consider consultation with a healthcare practitioner with expertise in the treatment of hyperglycemia and counsel patients on lifestyle changes.
The safety of PIQRAY in patients with Type 1 and uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes has not been established as these patients were excluded from the SOLAR-1 trial. Patients with a medical history of controlled Type 2 diabetes were included. Patients with a history of diabetes mellitus may require intensified hyperglycemic treatment. Closely monitor patients with diabetes.
Consider premedication with metformin prior to the initiation of PIQRAY in combination with fulvestrant based on patient risk factors for hyperglycemia, gastrointestinal tolerability, and clinical situation. In the METALLICA study, use of metformin starting 7 days prior to the initiation of PIQRAY appeared to decrease the incidence and severity of hyperglycemia events, but increased the incidence and severity of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea adverse reactions [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Based on the severity of the hyperglycemia, PIQRAY may require dose interruption, reduction, or discontinuation as described in Table 3 [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
Advise patients of the signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia (e.g., excessive thirst, urinating more often than usual or higher amount of urine than usual, or increased appetite with weight loss).
Severe pneumonitis, including acute interstitial pneumonitis and interstitial lung disease, can occur in patients treated with PIQRAY.
Pneumonitis was reported in 1.8% of patients treated with PIQRAY.
In patients who have new or worsening respiratory symptoms or are suspected to have developed pneumonitis, interrupt PIQRAY immediately and evaluate the patient for pneumonitis. Consider a diagnosis of non-infectious pneumonitis in patients presenting with non-specific respiratory signs and symptoms, such as hypoxia, cough, dyspnea, or interstitial infiltrates on radiologic exams and in whom infectious, neoplastic, and other causes have been excluded by means of appropriate investigations.
Permanently discontinue PIQRAY in all patients with confirmed pneumonitis.
Advise patients to immediately report new or worsening respiratory symptoms.
Severe diarrhea, resulting in dehydration and in some cases in acute kidney injury, can occur in patients treated with PIQRAY. Most patients (58%) experienced diarrhea during treatment with PIQRAY. Grade 3 diarrhea occurred in 7% (n = 19)of patients. Among patients with Grade 2 or 3 diarrhea (n = 71), the median time to onset was 46 days (range, 1 to 442 days).
In clinical trials, 63% of patients who experienced diarrhea required antidiarrheal medications (e.g., loperamide) to manage symptoms. Dose reductions of PIQRAY were required in 6% of patients, and 2.8% of patients permanently discontinued PIQRAY due to diarrhea.
Colitis has been reported in the postmarketing setting in patients treated with PIQRAY [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Monitor patients for diarrhea and additional symptoms of colitis, such as abdominal pain and mucus or blood in stool. Based on the severity of the diarrhea or colitis, PIQRAY may require dose interruption, reduction, or discontinuation as described in Table 4 [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
Advise patients to start antidiarrheal treatment, increase oral fluids, and notify their healthcare provider if diarrhea occurs while taking PIQRAY.
Patients with colitis may require additional treatment, such as enteric-acting and/or systemic steroids.
Based on findings in animals and its mechanism of action, PIQRAY can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of alpelisib to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis caused adverse developmental outcomes, including embryo-fetal mortality (post-implantation loss), reduced fetal weights, and increased incidences of fetal malformations at maternal exposures based on area under the curve (AUC) that were ≥ 0.8 times the exposure in humans at the recommended dose of 300 mg/day. Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with PIQRAY and for 1 week after the last dose. Advise male patients with female partners of reproductive potential to use condoms and effective contraception during treatment with PIQRAY and for 1 week after the last dose [see Use In Specific Populations and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
Refer to the Full Prescribing Information of fulvestrant for pregnancy and contraception information.
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (PATIENT INFORMATION).
Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs and symptoms of hypersensitivity [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs and symptoms of SCARs [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Advise patients that PIQRAY may cause hyperglycemia and the need to monitor fasting blood glucose periodically during therapy. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS)].
Inform patients that PIQRAY may cause pneumonitis and to immediately contact their healthcare provider if they experience respiratory problems [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Advise patients that PIQRAY may cause diarrhea, which may be severe, and to start antidiarrheal treatment, increase oral fluids, and notify their healthcare provider if diarrhea occurs while taking PIQRAY [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS]. Advise patients that PIQRAY may cause colitis and to notify their healthcare provider immediately of any symptoms of colitis, such as abdominal pain and mucus or blood in stool, while taking PIQRAY [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs and symptoms of uveitis [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
Advise women not to breastfeed during treatment with PIQRAY and for 1 week after the last dose [see Use In Specific Populations]. Refer to the Full Prescribing Information of fulvestrant for lactation information.
Advise males and females of reproductive potential that PIQRAY may impair fertility [see Use In Specific Populations]. Refer to the Full Prescribing Information of fulvestrant for infertility information.
Advise patients to avoid the use of strong CYP3A4 inducers in patients treated with PIQRAY. Advise patients to avoid the use of BCRP inhibitors while taking PIQRAY. If unable to use alternative drugs, closely monitor for increased adverse reactions. No dose adjustment is required when coadministering PIQRAY with CYP3A4, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2B6 substrates [see DRUG INTERACTIONS].
Carcinogenicity studies have not been conducted with alpelisib.
Alpelisib was not mutagenic in an in vitro bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) assay, or aneugenic or clastogenic in human cell micronucleus and chromosome aberration tests. Alpelisib was not genotoxic in an in vivo rat micronucleus test.
In a fertility and early embryonic development study in rats, female animals were administered alpelisib at doses of 3, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day orally. Animals were dosed for 4 weeks prior to pairing, during the mating period, and up to Gestation Day 6. At a dose of 20 mg/kg/day (approximately 1.7 times the exposure in humans at the recommended dose of 300 mg based on AUC), alpelisib increased pre-and post-implantation losses, leading to reduced numbers of implantation sites and live embryos. In a repeated-dose toxicity study in rats, adverse effects in female reproductive organs included vaginal atrophy and estrous cycle variations in rats at doses ≥ 6 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.6 times the exposure in humans at the recommended dose of 300 mg/day based on AUC).
In a male fertility study, alpelisib administered orally at doses of 3, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day for up to 99 days (10-weeks prior to pairing, during mating period and continuing during post-pairing) to male rats, resulted in reduced weights of seminal vesicles and prostate, which correlated with atrophy and/or reduced secretion in prostate and seminal vesicles at ≥ 10 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.8 times the exposure in humans at the recommended dose of 300 mg based on AUC). No adverse effects on male fertility parameters were observed at doses up to 20 mg/kg/day.
PIQRAY is used in combination with fulvestrant. Refer to the Full Prescribing Information of fulvestrant for pregnancy information.
Based on animal data and mechanism of action, PIQRAY can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY]. There are no available data in pregnant women to inform the drug-associated risk. In animal reproduction studies, oral administration of alpelisib to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis caused adverse developmental outcomes, including embryo-fetal mortality (post-implantation loss), reduced fetal weights, and increased incidences of fetal malformations at maternal exposures ≥ 0.8 times the exposure in humans based on AUC at the recommended dose of 300 mg/day (see Data). Advise pregnant women and females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus.
The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. However, the estimated background risk of major birth defects is 2% to 4% and of miscarriage is 15% to 20% of clinically recognized pregnancies in the U.S. general population.
Animal Data
In embryo-fetal development studies in rats and rabbits, pregnant animals received oral doses of alpelisib up to 30 mg/kg/day during the period of organogenesis.
In rats, oral administration of alpelisib resulted in maternal toxicity (body weight loss, low food consumption) and no viable fetuses (post-implantation loss) at 30 mg/kg/day (approximately 3 times the exposure in humans at the recommended dose of 300 mg/day based on AUC). At a dose of 10 mg/kg/day (approximately 0.8 times the exposure in humans at the recommended dose of 300 mg/day based on AUC), toxicities included reduced fetal weight and increased incidences of skeletal malformations (bent scapula and thickened or bent long bones) and fetal variations (enlarged brain ventricle, decreased bone ossification).
In a pilot embryo-fetal development study in rabbits, a dose of 30 mg/kg/day resulted in no viable fetuses (post-implantation loss). Doses ≥ 15 mg/kg/day resulted in increased embryo-fetal deaths, reduced fetal weights, and malformations, mostly related to the tail and head. At 15 mg/kg/day in rabbits, the maternal exposure was approximately 5 times the exposure achieved at the recommended human dose of 300 mg/day based on AUC.
PIQRAY is used in combination with fulvestrant. Refer to the Full Prescribing Information of fulvestrant for lactation information.
There is no data on the presence of alpelisib in human milk, its effects on milk production, or the breastfed child. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed child, advise lactating women to not breastfeed during treatment with PIQRAY and for 1 week after the last dose.
PIQRAY is used in combination with fulvestrant. Refer to the Full Prescribing Information of fulvestrant for contraception and infertility information.
Verify the pregnancy status in females of reproductive potential prior to initiating PIQRAY.
Females
PIQRAY can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Use In Specific Populations]. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with PIQRAY and for 1 week after the last dose.
Males
Advise male patients with female partners of reproductive potential to use condoms and effective contraception during treatment with PIQRAY and for 1 week after the last dose.
Based on findings from animal studies, PIQRAY may impair fertility in males and females of reproductive potential [see Nonclinical Toxicology].
The safety and efficacy of PIQRAY in pediatric patients have not been established.
Of 284 patients who received PIQRAY in the SOLAR-1 trial, 117 patients were ≥ 65 years of age and 34 patients were ≥ 75 years of age. In patients treated with PIQRAY plus fulvestrant, there was a higher incidence of Grade 3-4 hyperglycemia in patients ≥ 65 years of age (44%) compared to patients < 65 years of age (32%). No overall differences in effectiveness of PIQRAY were observed between patients ≥ 65 years of age compared to younger patients. There are an insufficient number of patients ≥ 75 years of age to assess whether there are differences in safety or effectiveness. However, in the SOLAR-1 trial, an increase in the hyperglycemia adverse reactions (74% vs 66%) and Grade 3-4 (56% vs 36%) hyperglycemia were observed in patients ≥ 75 years of age compared to patients < 75 years of age, respectively [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS)].
The effect of severe renal impairment (CLcr < 30 mL/min) on alpelisib pharmacokinetics is unknown [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
No dose adjustment is recommended for patients with mild to moderate renal impairment (CLcr 30 to < 90 mL/min).
There is limited experience of overdose with PIQRAY in clinical trials. In the clinical studies, PIQRAY was administered at doses up to 450 mg once daily.
In cases where accidental overdosage of PIQRAY was reported in the clinical studies, the adverse reactions associated with the overdose were consistent with the known safety profile of PIQRAY and included hyperglycemia, nausea, asthenia, and rash.
Initiate general symptomatic and supportive measures in all cases of overdosage where necessary. There is no known antidote for PIQRAY.
PIQRAY is contraindicated in patients with severe hypersensitivity to it or any of its components [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Alpelisib is an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) with inhibitory activity predominantly against PI3Kα. Gain-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the catalytic α-subunit of PI3K (PIK3CA) lead to activation of PI3Kα and Akt-signaling, cellular transformation and the generation of tumors in in vitro and in vivo models.
In breast cancer cell lines, alpelisib inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K downstream targets, including Akt and showed activity in cell lines harboring a PIK3CA mutation. In vivo, alpelisib inhibited the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and reduced tumor growth in xenograft models, including models of breast cancer.
PI3K inhibition by alpelisib treatment has been shown to induce an increase in estrogen receptor (ER) transcription in breast cancer cells. The combination of alpelisib and fulvestrant demonstrated increased anti-tumor activity compared to either treatment alone in xenograft models derived from ER-positive, PIK3CA mutated breast cancer cell lines.
Serial ECGs were collected following a single dose and at steady-state to evaluate the effect of alpelisib on the QTcF interval in patients with advanced cancer. An analysis of clinical ECG data demonstrates the absence of a large effect (i.e., > 20 ms) on QTcF prolongation at the recommended 300 mg dose with or without fulvestrant.
The pharmacokinetics of alpelisib has been studied in healthy subjects and adult patients with solid tumors. Steady-state alpelisib maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and AUC increased proportionally over the dose range of 30 mg to 450 mg (0.1 to 1.5 times the approved recommended dosage) under fed conditions. The mean accumulation of alpelisib is 1.3 to 1.5 and steady-state plasma concentrations are reached within 3 days following daily dosage. In adult patients who received PIQRAY 300 mg once daily in the SOLAR-1 trial, population approach derived mean steady-state alpelisib [coefficient of variation (CV%)] for Cmax was 2480 (23%) ng/mL and AUC0-24hr was 33224 (21%) ng*h/mL.
The median time to reach peak plasma concentration (Tmax) ranged between 2.0 to 4.0 hours.
Effect of food
A high-fat high-calorie meal (985 calories with 58.1 g of fat) increased alpelisib AUC by 73% and Cmax by 84%, and a low-fat low-calorie meal (334 calories with 8.7 g of fat) increased alpelisib AUC by 77% and Cmax by 145% following a single dose of PIQRAY. No clinically significant differences in alpelisib AUC were observed between low-fat low-calorie and high-fat high-calorie meals.
The mean (% CV) apparent volume of distribution of alpelisib at steady-state is predicted to be 114 L (46%). Protein binding of alpelisib is 89% and is independent of concentration.
The half-life of alpelisib is predicted to be 8 to 9 hours. The mean (% CV) clearance of alpelisib is predicted to be 9.2 L/hr (21%) under fed conditions.
Metabolism
Alpelisib is primarily metabolized by chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis to form its metabolite BZG791 and followed by CYP3A4 mediated hydroxylation.
Excretion
Following a single oral dose of 400 mg radiolabeled alpelisib under fasted condition, 81% of the administered dose was recovered in feces (36% unchanged, 32% BZG791) and 14% (2% unchanged, 7.1% BZG791) in urine. CYP3A4-mediated metabolites (12%) and glucuronides amounted to approximately 15% of the dose.
No clinically significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of alpelisib were predicted based on age (21 to 87 years), sex, race/ethnicity (Japanese or Caucasian), body weight (37 to 181 kg), mild to moderate renal impairment (CLcr 30 to < 90 mL/min based on the Cockcroft-Gault formula), or mild to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A, B, and C). The effect of severe renal impairment (CLcr < 30 mL/min) on the pharmacokinetics of alpelisib is unknown.
Acid Reducing Agents
PIQRAY can be coadministered with acid reducing agents, since PIQRAY should be taken with food. Food exhibited a more pronounced effect on the solubility of alpelisib than the effect of gastric pH value.
Coadministration of the H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine in combination with a single 300 mg oral dose of alpelisib decreased the absorption and overall exposure of alpelisib. In the presence of a low-fat low-calorie meal, AUC was decreased on average by 21% and Cmax by 36% with ranitidine. Under the fasted state, AUC was decreased on average by 30% and Cmax by 51% with ranitidine.
CYP3A4, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2B6 Substrates
Coadministration of repeated doses of alpelisib 300 mg with a single-dose of sensitive substrates of CYP3A4 (midazolam), CYP2C8 (repaglinide), CYP2C9 (warfarin), CYP2C19 (omeprazole) and CYP2B6 (bupropion), administered as a cocktail did not show clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions. No clinically significant differences in pharmacokinetics of everolimus (a substrate of CYP3A4 and P-gp) were observed when coadministered with alpelisib.
Effect of CYP3A4 Inducers on Alpelisib
Coadministration of repeat doses of rifampin (a strong CYP3A4 inducer) with a single 300 mg dose of alpelisib decreased alpelisib Cmax by 38% and AUC by 57%, respectively. Coadministration of rifampin with repeat doses of 300 mg alpelisib decreased alpelisib Cmax by 59% and AUC by 74%, respectively.
Coadministration of repeat doses of ketoconazole (a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) with a single 300 mg dose of alpelisib is expected to increase alpelisib AUC by 37% or less.
Coadministration of repeat doses of efavirenz (a moderate CYP3A4 inducer) with a single 300 mg dose of alpelisib is expected to decrease alpelisib AUC by 30% or less.
In Vitro Studies
Effect of Transporter on Alpelisib
Alpelisib is a substrate of BCRP.
Effect of Alpelisib on Transporters
Alpelisib is an inhibitor of P-gp. Alpelisib has a low potential to inhibit BCRP, MRP2, BSEP, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OCT1, OAT1, OAT3, OCT2, MATE1, and MATE2K at clinically relevant concentrations.
SOLAR-1 (NCT02437318) was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of PIQRAY plus fulvestrant versus placebo plus fulvestrant in 572 patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative, advanced or metastatic breast cancer whose disease had progressed or recurred on or after an aromatase inhibitor-based treatment (with or without CDK4/6 combination). Patients were excluded if they had inflammatory breast cancer, diabetes mellitus Type 1 or uncontrolled Type 2, or pneumonitis. Randomization was stratified by presence of lung and/or liver metastasis and previous treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitor(s). Overall, 60% of enrolled patients had tumors with one or more PIK3CA mutations in tissue, 50% had liver/lung metastases, and 6% had previously been treated with a CDK4/6 inhibitor.
There were 341 patients enrolled by tumor tissue in the cohort with a PIK3CA mutation and 231 enrolled in the cohort without a PIK3CA mutation. Of the 341 patients in the cohort with a PIK3CA mutation, 336 (99%) patients had one or more PIK3CA mutations confirmed in tumor tissue using the FDA-approved therascreen® PIK3CA RGQ PCR Kit. Out of the 336 patients with PIK3CA mutations confirmed in tumor tissue, 19 patients had no plasma specimen available for testing with the FDA-approved therascreen® PIK3CA RGQ PCR Kit. Of the remaining 317 patients with PIK3CA mutations confirmed in tumor tissue, 177 patients (56%) had PIK3CA mutations identified in plasma specimen, and 140 patients (44%) did not have PIK3CA mutations identified in plasma specimen.
Patients received either PIQRAY (300 mg) or placebo orally once daily on a continuous basis, plus fulvestrant (500 mg) administered intramuscularly on Cycle 1, Days 1 and 15, and then on Day 1 of every 28-day cycle. Patients received treatment until radiographic disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Tumor assessments were performed every 8 weeks for the first 18 months and every 12 weeks thereafter.
The median age of patients was 63 years (range, 25 to 92). Most patients were women (99.8%) and most patients were white (66%), followed by Asian (22%), Other/Unknown (10%), black or African American (1.4%), and American Indian or Alaskan Native (0.9%). Baseline ECOG performance status was 0 (68%) or 1 (32%).
Patient demographics for those with PIK3CA-mutated tumors were generally representative of the broader study population. The median duration of exposure to PIQRAY plus fulvestrant was 8.2 months with 59% of patients exposed for > 6 months.
The majority of patients (98%) received prior hormonal therapy as the last treatment (48% metastatic setting, 52% adjuvant setting). Primary endocrine resistance, defined as relapsed within 24 months on adjuvant endocrine therapy or progression within 6 months on endocrine therapy for advanced disease, was observed in 13% of patients and secondary endocrine resistance, defined as relapsed after 24 months on adjuvant endocrine therapy, relapsed within 12 months of the end of adjuvant endocrine therapy, or progression after 6 months on endocrine therapy for advanced disease, was observed in 72% of patients.
The major efficacy outcome was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) in the cohort with a PIK3CA mutation per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v1.1. Additional efficacy outcome measures were overall response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS) in the cohort with a PIK3CA mutation.
The results from the investigator-assessed PFS and ORR for the cohort with a PIK3CA mutation in tumor tissue are presented in Table 8, and Figure 1. Investigator-assessed PFS results for the cohort with a PIK3CA mutation were supported by consistent results from a blinded independent review committee (BIRC) assessment. Similar results were seen in patients with tissue or plasma PIK3CA mutations. At the pre-specified final OS analysis, there was no significant difference in OS between the PIQRAY plus fulvestrant arm and the placebo plus fulvestrant arm (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.64, 1.15).
No benefit was observed in patients whose tumors did not have a PIK3CA tissue mutation (PFS: HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.58, 1.25; OS: HR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.65, 1.29).
Table 8: Efficacy Results in SOLAR-1 (Per Investigator Assessment of Patients with a PIK3CA Tumor Mutation)
| PIQRAY plus fulvestrant | Placebo plus fulvestrant | |
| Progression-free survival | N = 169 | N = 172 |
| Number of PFS events – n (%) | 103 (61) | 129 (75) |
| Median PFS months (95% CI) | 11.0 (7.5, 14.5) | 5.7 (3.7, 7.4) |
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | 0.65 (0.50, 0.85) | |
| p-value1 | 0.0013 | |
| Overall response rate | N = 126 | N = 136 |
| ORR2 (95% CI) | 35.7 (27.4, 44.7) | 16.2 (10.4, 23.5) |
| Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval. 1 p-value obtained from the two sided stratified log-rank test, stratified by prior CDK4/6 inhibitor usage and presence of lung/liver metastases. P-value was compared to prespecified Haybittle-Peto efficacy boundary (two-sided p ≤ 0.0398). 2 ORR = percentage of patients with confirmed Complete Response or Partial Response with measurable disease at baseline. |
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Figure 1: Progression Free Survival in SOLAR-1 (Per Investigator Assessment of Patients with a PIK3CA Tumor Mutation)
 |
PIQRAY®
(pik' raye)
(alpelisib) tablets, for oral use
Important: PIQRAY is used with fulvestrant. You should also read the Patient Information that comes with fulvestrant.
What is PIQRAY?
PIQRAY is a prescription medicine used in combination with the medicine fulvestrant to treat adults who have hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer, with an abnormal phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) gene, that has progressed or spread to other parts of the body (metastatic) while on or after endocrine therapy.
Your healthcare provider will test your cancer for an abnormal “PIK3CA” gene to make sure that PIQRAY is right for you.
It is not known if PIQRAY is safe and effective in children.
Do not take PIQRAY if you have had a severe allergic reaction to PIQRAY or are allergic to any of the ingredients in PIQRAY.
Before you take PIQRAY, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:
Females who are able to become pregnant:
Males with female partners who are able to become pregnant:
Tell your healthcare provider about all of the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Taking PIQRAY with other medicines may affect the way PIQRAY works and may cause side effects. Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them to show your healthcare provider or pharmacist when you get a new medicine.
How should I take PIQRAY?
What are the possible side effects of PIQRAY?
PIQRAY may cause serious side effects, including:
Your healthcare provider may tell you to drink more fluids or take medicines to treat diarrhea or colitis. Your healthcare provider may tell you to decrease your dose, temporarily stop your treatment, or completely stop your treatment with PIQRAY if you get certain serious side effects.
The most common side effects of PIQRAY when used with fulvestrant include:
Tell your healthcare provider right away if you develop any changes in your vision, eye pain, sensitivity to light, or if your eyes look different.
PIQRAY may affect fertility in males and in females who are able to become pregnant. Talk to your healthcare provider if this is a concern for you.
These are not all of the possible side effects of PIQRAY.
Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
How should I store PIQRAY?
Store PIQRAY at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
Keep PIQRAY and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General information about the safe and effective use of PIQRAY.
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use PIQRAY for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give PIQRAY to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for more information about PIQRAY that is written for health professionals.
What are the ingredients in PIQRAY?
Active ingredient: alpelisib
Inactive ingredients: hypromellose, magnesium stearate, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, and sodium starch glycolate. The film-coating contains hypromellose, iron oxide black, iron oxide red, macrogol/polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000, talc, and titanium dioxide.
This Patient Information has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
