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LYSODREN®
(mitotane) Tablets, USP
WARNING
ADRENAL CRISIS IN THE SETTING OF SHOCK OR SEVERE TRAUMA
In patients taking LYSODREN, adrenal crisis occurs in the setting of shock or severe trauma and response to shock is impaired. Administer hydrocortisone, monitor for escalating signs of shock and discontinue LYSODREN until recovery [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
LYSODREN (mitotane) is an oral adrenal cytotoxic agent. The chemical name is (±)-1,1dichloro-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (also known as o,p’-DDD). The chemical structure is:
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Mitotane is a white granular solid composed of clear colorless crystals. It is tasteless and has a slight pleasant aromatic odor. It is soluble in ethanol and has a molecular weight of 320.05.
Inactive ingredients in LYSODREN are: microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol 3350, silicon dioxide, and starch.
LYSODREN is indicated for the treatment of patients with inoperable, functional or nonfunctional, adrenal cortical carcinoma.
The recommended initial dose of LYSODREN is 2 g to 6 g orally, in three or four divided doses per day. Increase doses incrementally to achieve a blood concentration of 14 to 20 mg/L, or as tolerated.
LYSODREN is a cytotoxic drug. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures.
Discontinue LYSODREN until recovery [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
Discontinue LYSODREN until symptoms resolve. Seven to 10 days after symptoms resolve, restart at a lower dose (for example, decrease by 500-1000 mg) [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS].
500 mg white, round, biconvex, scored tablets, bisected on one side and impressed with “BL” over “L1” on the other side.
LYSODREN tablets are supplied as 500 mg white, round, biconvex, scored tablets, bisected on one side and impressed with “BL” over “L1” on the other side.
100 tablets per bottle: NDC 0015-3080-60
Store bottles at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted between 15°C and 30°C (59°F-86°F). Mitotane is a cytotoxic drug. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures [see REFERENCES].
REFERENCES
1. OSHA. http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/hazardousdrugs/index.html
Manufactured for: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Princeton, New Jersey 08543 USA. Revised: May 2017
The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the label:
The following adverse reactions associated with the use of LYSODREN were identified in clinical trials or postmarketing reports. Because these reactions were reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to estimate their frequency reliably or to establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Common adverse reactions occurring with LYSODREN treatment include:
Less common adverse reactions include: visual blurring, diplopia, lens opacity, retinopathy, prolonged bleeding time, hematuria, hemorrhagic cystitis, albuminuria, hypertension, orthostatic hypotension, flushing, generalized aching, and fever.
Mitotane is a strong inducer of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Monitor patients for a change in dosage requirements for the concomitant drug when administering LYSODREN to patients receiving drugs that are substrates of CYP3A4.
When administering coumarin-type anticoagulants to patients receiving LYSODREN, monitor coagulation tests and adjust the anticoagulant dose as needed.
Included as part of the "PRECAUTIONS" Section
In patients taking LYSODREN, adrenal crisis occurs in the setting of shock or severe trauma and response to shock is impaired. Administer hydrocortisone, monitor for escalating signs of shock, and discontinue LYSODREN until recovery [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION].
CNS toxicity, including sedation, lethargy, and vertigo, occurs with LYSODREN treatment. Mitotane plasma concentrations exceeding 20 mcg/mL are associated with a greater incidence of toxicity.
Treatment with LYSODREN can cause adrenal insufficiency. Institute steroid replacement as clinically indicated. Measure free cortisol and corticotropin (ACTH) levels to achieve optimal steroid replacement.
LYSODREN can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Abnormal pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm births and early pregnancy loss, can occur in patients exposed to mitotane during pregnancy. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with LYSODREN and after discontinuation of treatment for as long as mitotane plasma levels are detectable [see Use In Specific Populations].
Ovarian macrocysts, often bilateral and multiple, have been reported in premenopausal patients receiving LYSODREN. Complications from these cysts, including adnexal torsion and hemorrhagic cyst rupture, have been reported. In some cases, improvement after mitotane discontinuation has been described. Advise female patients to seek medical care if they experience gynecological symptoms such as vaginal bleeding and/or pelvic pain [see ADVERSE REACTIONS].
The carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of mitotane are unknown.
LYSODREN can cause fetal harm. Limited postmarketing cases report preterm births and early pregnancy loss in women treated with LYSODREN during pregnancy. Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with mitotane. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.
Mitotane is excreted in human milk; however, the effect of LYSODREN on the breastfed infant, or effect on milk production is unknown. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in the breastfed infant, advise nursing women that breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with LYSODREN and after discontinuation of treatment for as long as mitotane plasma levels are detectable.
Females
LYSODREN can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman [see Pregnancy]. Advise female patients of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with LYSODREN and after discontinuation of therapy for as long as mitotane plasma levels are detectable [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY].
Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.
Clinical studies of LYSODREN did not include sufficient numbers of patients aged 65 years and older to determine whether they respond differently than younger patients. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.
Hepatic impairment may interfere with the metabolism of mitotane and the drug may accumulate. Administer LYSODREN with caution to patients with hepatic impairment.
No Information Provided
None.
Mitotane is an adrenal cytotoxic agent with an unknown mechanism of action. Mitotane modifies the peripheral metabolism of steroids and directly suppresses the adrenal cortex. A reduction in 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in the absence of decreased corticosteroid concentrations and increased formation of 6-β-hydroxycortisol have been reported.
The pharmacodynamics of mitotane are unknown.
Following oral administration of LYSODREN, 40% of the dose is absorbed.
Mitotane is found in most tissues of the body; however, fat is the primary site of distribution.
Following discontinuation of mitotane, the plasma terminal half-life ranges from 18 to 159 days (median 53 days).
Mitotane is converted to a water-soluble metabolite.
No unchanged mitotane is found in urine or bile. Approximately 10% of the administered dose is recovered in the urine as a water-soluble metabolite. A variable amount of metabolite (1%-17%) is excreted in the bile.
