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CIPRODEX ®
(ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone),
Sterile Otic Suspension
CIPRODEX (ciprofloxacin 0.3% and dexamethasone 0.1%) Sterile Otic Suspension contains the quinolone antimicrobial, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, combined with the corticosteroid, dexamethasone, in a sterile, preserved suspension for otic use. Each mL of CIPRODEX contains ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (equivalent to 3 mg ciprofloxacin base), 1 mg dexamethasone, and 0.1 mg benzalkonium chloride as a preservative. The inactive ingredients are boric acid, sodium chloride, hydroxyethyl cellulose, tyloxapol, acetic acid, sodium acetate, edetate disodium, and purified water. Sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid may be added for adjustment of pH.
Ciprofloxacin, a quinolone antimicrobial is available as the monohydrochloride monohydrate salt of 1- cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinoline carboxylic acid. The empirical formula is C17H18FN3O3•HCl•H2O. The molecular weight is 385.82 and the structural formula is:
Figure 1: Structure of Ciprofloxacin
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Dexamethasone, 9-fluoro-11(beta),17,21-trihydroxy-16(alpha)-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione, is a corticosteroid. The empirical formula is C22H29FO5. The molecular weight is 392.46 and the structural formula is:
Figure 2: Structure of Deamethasone
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CIPRODEX is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible isolates of the designated microorganisms in the specific conditions listed below:
The recommended dosage regimen through tympanostomy tubes is as follows:
The recommended dosage regimen is as follows:
Otic Suspension: Each mL of CIPRODEX contains ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 0.3 % (equivalent to 3 mg ciprofloxacin base) and dexamethasone 0.1 % equivalent to 1 mg dexamethasone.
CIPRODEX (ciprofloxacin 0.3% and dexamethasone 0.1%) Sterile Otic Suspension is a white-to off white suspension supplied as follows: 7.5 mL fill in a DROP-TAINER® system. The DROP-TAINER system consists of a natural polyethylene bottle and natural plug, with a white polypropylene closure. Tamper evidence is provided with a shrink band around the closure and neck area of the package.
NDC 0065-8533-02, 7.5 mL fill
Store at 20° - 25°C (68° - 77°F); excursions permitted to 15° - 30°C (59° - 86°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Avoid freezing. Protect from light.
Distributed by: Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX 76134 USA. Revised: Dec 2015
The following serious adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling:
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to the rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
In Phases II and III clinical trials, a total of 937 patients were treated with CIPRODEX. This included 400 patients with acute otitis media with tympanostomy tubes and 537 patients with acute otitis externa. The reported adverse reactions are listed below:
The following adverse reactions occurred in 0.5% or more of the patients with non-intact tympanic membranes.
| Adverse Reactions | Incidence (N=400) |
| Ear discomfort | 3.0% |
| Ear pain | 2.3% |
| Ear precipitate (residue) | 0.5% |
| Irritability | 0.5% |
| Taste Perversion | 0.5% |
The following adverse reactions were each reported in a single patient: tympanostomy tube blockage; ear pruritus; tinnitus; oral moniliasis; crying; dizziness; and erythema.
The following adverse reactions occurred in 0.4% or more of the patients with intact tympanic Membranes
| Adverse Reactions | Incidence (N=537) |
| Ear pruritus | 1.5% |
| Ear debris | 0.6% |
| Superimposed ear infection | 0.6% |
| Ear congestion | 0.4% |
| Ear pain | 0.4% |
| Erythema | 0.4% |
The following adverse reactions were each reported in a single patient: ear discomfort; decreased hearing; and ear disorder (tingling).
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of CIPRODEX. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of unknown size it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. These reactions include: auricular swelling, headache, hypersensitivity, otorrhea, skin exfoliation, rash erythematous, and vomiting.
No information provided.
Included as part of the PRECAUTIONS section.
CIPRODEX should be discontinued at the first appearance of a skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity. Serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions, some following the first dose, have been reported in patients receiving systemic quinolones. Some reactions were accompanied by cardiovascular collapse, loss of consciousness, angioedema (including laryngeal, pharyngeal or facial edema), airway obstruction, dyspnea, urticaria and itching.
Prolonged use of CIPRODEX may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible, bacteria and fungi. If the infection is not improved after one week of treatment, cultures should be obtained to guide further treatment. If such infections occur, discontinue use and institute alternative therapy.
If otorrhea persists after a full course of therapy, or if two or more episodes of otorrhea occur within six months, further evaluation is recommended to exclude an underlying condition such as cholesteatoma, foreign body, or a tumor.
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (PATIENT INFORMATION and Instructions for Use)
Long-term carcinogenicity studies in mice and rats have been completed for ciprofloxacin. After daily oral doses of 750 mg/kg (mice) and 250 mg/kg (rats) were administered for up to 2 years, there was no evidence that ciprofloxacin had any carcinogenic or tumorigenic effects in these species. No long term studies of CIPRODEX have been performed to evaluate carcinogenic potential.
Eight in vitro mutagenicity tests have been conducted with ciprofloxacin, and the test results are listed below:
Thus, 2 of the 8 tests were positive, but results of the following 3 in vivo test systems gave negative results:
Fertility studies performed in rats at oral doses of ciprofloxacin up to 100 mg/kg/day revealed no evidence of impairment. This would be over 100 times the maximum recommended clinical dose of ototopical ciprofloxacin based upon body surface area, assuming total absorption of ciprofloxacin from the ear of a patient treated with CIPRODEX twice per day according to label directions.
Long term studies have not been performed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of topical otic dexamethasone. Dexamethasone has been tested for in vitro and in vivo genotoxic potential and shown to be positive in the following assays: chromosomal aberrations, sister-chromatid exchange in human lymphocytes, and micronuclei and sister-chromatid exchanges in mouse bone marrow. However, the Ames/Salmonella assay, both with and without S9 mix, did not show any increase in His+ revertants.
The effect of dexamethasone on fertility has not been investigated following topical otic application. However, the lowest toxic dose of dexamethasone identified following topical dermal application was 1.802 mg/kg in a 26-week study in male rats and resulted in changes to the testes, epididymis, sperm duct, prostate, seminal vessicle, Cowper's gland and accessory glands. The relevance of this study for short-term topical otic use is unknown.
Pregnancy Category C
No adequate and well controlled studies with CIPRODEX have been performed in pregnant women. Caution should be exercised when CIPRODEX is used by a pregnant woman.
Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with CIPRODEX.
Reproduction studies with ciprofloxacin have been performed in rats and mice using oral doses of up to 100 mg/kg and IV doses up to 30 mg/kg and have revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus. In rabbits, ciprofloxacin (30 and 100 mg/kg orally) produced gastrointestinal disturbances resulting in maternal weight loss and an increased incidence of abortion, but no teratogenicity was observed at either dose. After intravenous administration of doses up to 20 mg/kg, no maternal toxicity was produced in therabbit, and no embryotoxicity or teratogenicity was observed.
Corticosteroids are generally teratogenic in laboratory animals when administered systemically at relatively low dosage levels. The more potent corticosteroids have been shown to be teratogenic after dermal application in laboratory animals.
Ciprofloxacin and corticosteroids, as a class, appear in milk following oral administration. Dexamethasone in breast milk could suppress growth, interfere with endogenous corticosteroid production, or cause other untoward effects. It is not known whether topical otic administration of ciprofloxacin or dexamethasone could result in sufficient systemic absorption to produce detectable quantities in human milk. Because of the potential for unwanted effects in nursing infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
The safety and efficacy of CIPRODEX have been established in pediatric patients 6 months and older (937 patients) in adequate and well-controlled clinical trials.
No clinically relevant changes in hearing function were observed in 69 pediatric patients (age 4 to 12 years) treated with CIPRODEX and tested for audiometric parameters.
Due to the characteristics of this preparation, no toxic effects are to be expected with an otic overdose of this product.
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial [see Microbiology].
Dexamethasone, a corticosteroid, has been shown to suppress inflammation by inhibiting multiple inflammatory cytokines resulting in decreased edema, fibrin deposition, capillary leakage and migration of inflammatory cells.
Following a single bilateral 4-drop (total dose = 0.28 mL, 0.84 mg ciprofloxacin, 0.28 mg dexamethasone) topical otic dose of CIPRODEX to pediatric patients after tympanostomy tube insertion, measurable plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone were observed at 6 hours following administration in 2 of 9 patients and 5 of 9 patients, respectively.
Mean ± SD peak plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin were 1.39 ± 0.880 ng/mL (n=9). Peak plasma concentrations ranged from 0.543 ng/mL to 3.45 ng/mL and were on average approximately 0.1% of peak plasma concentrations achieved with an oral dose of 250-mg. Peak plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin were observed within 15 minutes to 2 hours post dose application.
Mean ± SD peak plasma concentrations of dexamethasone were 1.14 ± 1.54 ng/mL (n=9). Peak plasma concentrations ranged from 0.135 ng/mL to 5.10 ng/mL and were on average approximately 14% of peak concentrations reported in the literature following an oral 0.5-mg tablet dose. Peak plasma concentrations of dexamethasone were observed within 15 minutes to 2 hours post dose application.
Dexamethasone has been added to aid in the resolution of the inflammatory response accompanying bacterial infection (such as otorrhea in pediatric patients with acute otitis media with tympanostomy tubes).
The bactericidal action of ciprofloxacin results from interference with the enzyme, DNA gyrase, which is needed for the synthesis of bacterial DNA.
Cross-resistance has been observed between ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones. There is generally no cross-resistance between ciprofloxacin and other classes of antibacterial agents such as beta-lactams or aminoglycosides.
Ciprofloxacin has been shown to be active against most isolates of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and clinically in otic infections [see INDICATIONS AND USAGE].
Guinea pigs dosed in the middle ear with CIPRODEX for one month exhibited no drug-related structural or functional changes of the cochlear hair cells and no lesions in the ossicles.
In a randomized, multicenter, controlled clinical trial, CIPRODEX dosed 2 times per day for 7 days demonstrated clinical cures in the per protocol analysis in 86% of Acute Otitis Media with Tympanostomy Tubes (AOMT) patients compared to 79% for ofloxacin solution, 0.3%, dosed 2 times per day for 10 days. Among culture positive patients, clinical cures were 90% for CIPRODEX compared to 79% for ofloxacin solution, 0.3%. Microbiological eradication rates for these patients in the same clinical trial were 91% for CIPRODEX compared to 82% for ofloxacin solution, 0.3%.
In 2 randomized multicenter, controlled clinical trials, CIPRODEX dosed 2 times per day for 7 days demonstrated clinical cures in 87% and 94% of per protocol evaluable Acute Otitis Externa (AOE) patients, respectively, compared to 84% and 89%, respectively, for otic suspension containing neomycin 0.35%, polymyxin B 10,000 IU/mL, and hydrocortisone 1.0% (neo/poly/HC). Among culture positive patients clinical cures were 86% and 92% for CIPRODEX compared to 84% and 89%, respectively, for neo/poly/HC. Microbiological eradication rates for these patients in the same clinical trials were 86% and 92% for CIPRODEX compared to 85% and 85%, respectively, for neo/poly/HC.
CIPRODEX
(CI-PRO-DEX)
(ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone) otic suspension
What is CIPRODEX?
CIPRODEX is a prescription medicine used in the ear only (otic use) that contains 2 medicines, a quinolone antibiotic medicine called ciprofloxacin and a corticosteroid medicine called dexamethasone. CIPRODEX is used in adults and children 6 months of age or older to treat certain types of infections caused by certain germs called bacteria. These bacterial infections include:
It is not known if CIPRODEX is safe and effective in children under 6 months of age.
Who should not use CIPRODEX?
Do not use CIPRODEX if you:
What should I tell my doctor before using CIPRODEX?
Before using CIPRODEX, tell your doctor about all of your medical conditions , including if you:
Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
How should I use CIPRODEX?
If your symptoms do not improve after 7 days of treatment with CIPRODEX, call your doctor.
What are the possible side effects of CIPRODEX?
CIPRODEX may cause serious side effects, including:
The most common side effects of CIPRODEX include:
These are not all the possible side effects of CIPRODEX. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
How should I store CIPRODEX?
Keep CIPRODEX and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General information about the safe and effective use of CIPRODEX.
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use CIPRODEX for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give CIPRODEX to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your pharmacist or doctor for information about CIPRODEX that is written for health professionals.
What are the ingredients in CIPRODEX?
Active ingredients : ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, dexamethasone, and benzalkonium chloride as a preservative
Inactive ingredients : boric acid, sodium chloride, hydroxyethyl cellulose, tyloxapol, acetic acid, sodium acetate, edetate disodium, and purified water. Sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid may be added for adjustment of pH
Instructions for Use
CIPRODEX
(CI-PRO-DEX)
(ciprofloxacin and dexamethas one) otic suspension
Read this Instructions for Use that comes with CIPRODEX before you start using it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This information does not take the place of talking with your doctor about your medical condition or treatment.
Important information about CIPRODEX:
How should I use CIPRODEX?
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Step 1. Wash your hands with soap and water.
Figure A
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Step 2. Warm the bottle of CIPRODEX by rolling the bottle between your hands for 1 to 2 minutes (See Figure A). Shake the bottle of CIPRODEX well.
Step 3. Remove the CIPRODEX cap. Put the cap in a clean and dry area. Do not let the tip of the bottle touch your ear, fingers or other surfaces.
Figure B
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Step 4. Lie down on your side so that the affected ear faces upward (See Figure B).
Figure C
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Step 5. Hold the bottle of CIPRODEX between your thumb and index finger (See Figure C). Place the tip of the bottle close to your ear. Be careful not to touch your fingers or ear with the tip of the bottle.
Step 6. Gently squeeze the bottle and let 4 drops of CIPRODEX fall into the affected ear. If a drop misses your ear, follow the instructions in Step 5 again.
Step 7. Stay on your side with the affected ear facing upward (See Figure B)
It is important that you follow the instructions below for your specific ear infection, to allow CIPRODEX to enter the affected part of your ear.
Step 8.
If you use CIPRODEX to treat a middle ear infection and you have a tube in your eardrum known as a tympanos tomy:
Figure D
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If you use CIPRODEX to treat an outer ear canal infection:
Figure E
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Step 9. If your doctor has told you to use CIPRODEX in both ears, repeat steps 5-8 for your other ear.
Step 10. Put the cap back on the bottle and close it tightly.
Step 11. After you have used all of your CIPRODEX doses, there may be some CIPRODEX left in the bottle. Throw the bottle away.
How should I store CIPRODEX?
Keep CIPRODEX and all medicines out of the reach of children.
If you would like more information, talk with your doctor. You can ask your pharmacist or doctor for more information about CIPRODEX that is written for health professionals.
This Instructions for Use has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
