Ophthalmic Preparations
Ophthalmic Agents - Antibacterials and Combination Products
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Antibacterials
Antibacterial & Corticosteroid Combinations
Common conditions that may require treatment with an antibacterial ophthalmic product.
Bacterial conjunctivitis causes the rapid onset of conjunctival redness, swelling of the eyelid, and a sticky discharge. Typically, symptoms develop first in one eye, but may spread to the other eye within 2 to 5 days. The most common causes of acute bacterial conjunctivitis are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Though very rare, hyperacute cases are usually caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis. Chronic cases of bacterial conjunctivitis are those lasting longer than 3 weeks, and are typically caused by S. aureus, Moraxella lacunata, or Gram-negative enteric flora.
Corneal ulcers are a common human eye disease. They are caused by trauma, particularly with vegetable matter, as well as chemical injury, contact lenses and infections. Other eye conditions can cause corneal ulcers, such as entropion, distichiasis, corneal dystrophy, and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye).
Besifloxacin ophthalmic susp -Besivance™
Besifloxacin ophthalmic susp -Besivance™ 
Indications:
BESIVANCE® (besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension) 0.6% is a quinolone antimicrobial indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible isolates of the following bacteria:
Aerococcus viridans*, CDC coryneform group G, Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum*, Corynebacterium striatum*, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis*, Moraxella lacunata*, Pseudomonas aeruginosa*, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis*, Staphylococcus lugdunensis*, Staphylococcus warneri*, Streptococcus mitis group, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus salivarius*
*Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections.
Dosing:
Instill one drop in the affected eye(s) 3 times a day, 4 to 12 hours apart for 7 days.
Precautions/Warnings:
Growth of Resistant Organisms with Prolonged Use.
Avoidance of Contact Lenses: Patients should not wear contact lenses if they have signs or symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis or during the course of therapy with BESIVANCE.
Supplied: Ophthalmic suspension containing 6 mg/mL (0.6%) of besifloxacin.
Efficacy: In a randomized, double-masked, vehicle-controlled, multicenter clinical trial, in which patients 1-98 years of age were dosed 3 times a day for 5 days, BESIVANCE was superior to its vehicle in patients with bacterial conjunctivitis. Clinical resolution was achieved in 45% (90/198) for the BESIVANCE-treated group versus 33% (63/191) for the vehicle-treated group (difference 12%, 95% CI 3% - 22%). Microbiological outcomes demonstrated a statistically significant eradication rate for causative pathogens of 91% (181/198) for the BESIVANCE-treated group versus 60% (114/191) for the vehicle-treated group (difference 31%, 95% CI 23% - 40%). Microbiologic eradication does not always correlate with clinical outcome in anti-infective trials.
CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution)
CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution)
Indications:
CILOXAN Ophthalmic Solution is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the conditions listed below:
Corneal Ulcers:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Serratia marcescens *
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus (Viridans Group)*
Conjunctivitis:
Haemophilus influenzae
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
*Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections.
Dosing:
Corneal Ulcers: The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of corneal ulcers is two drops into the affected eye every 15 minutes for the first six hours and then two drops into the affected eye every 30 minutes for the remainder of the first day. On the second day, instill two drops in the affected eye hourly. On the third through the fourteenth day, place two drops in the affected eye every four hours. Treatment may be continued after 14 days if corneal re-epithelialization has not occurred.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis: The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis is one or two drops instilled into the conjunctival sac(s) every two hours while awake for two days and one or two drops every four hours while awake for the next five days.
Precautions/Warnings:
As with other antibacterial preparations, prolonged use of ciprofloxacin may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi. If superinfection occurs, appropriate therapy should be initiated. Whenever clinical judgment dictates, the patient should be examined with the aid of magnification, such as slit lamp biomicroscopy and, where appropriate, fluorescein staining.
Ciprofloxacin should be discontinued at the first appearance of a skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity reaction.
Supplied:
As a sterile ophthalmic solution in Alcon's DROP-TAINER® dispensing system consisting of a natural low density polyethylene bottle and dispensing plug and tan polypropylene closure. Tamper evidence is provided with a shrink band around the closure and neck area of the package.
5 mL in 8 mL bottle.
Each mL of CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.3% contains: Active: ciprofloxacin HCl 3.5 mg equivalent to 3 mg base. Preservative: benzalkonium chloride 0.006%
Efficacy:
Following therapy with CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.3%, 76% of the patients with corneal ulcers and positive bacterial cultures were clinically cured and complete re-epithelialization occurred in about 92% of the ulcers.
In 3 and 7 day multicenter clinical trials, 52% of the patients with conjunctivitis and positive conjunctival cultures were clinically cured and 70%-80% had all causative pathogens eradicated by the end of treatment.
In a randomized, double-masked, multicenter, parallel-group clinical trial of pediatric patients with bacterial conjunctivitis, between birth and 31 days of age, patients were dosed with CILOXAN or another anti-infective agent. Clinical outcomes for the trial demonstrated a clinical cure rate of 80% at Day 9 and a microbiological eradication success rate of 85% at Day 9.
Please note that microbiologic eradication does not always correlate with clinical outcome in anti-infective trials.
CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin ophthalmic ointment) 0.3%
Indications:
CILOXAN® (ciprofloxacin ophthalmic ointment) 0.3% is indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the microorganisms listed below:
Gram-Positive:
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus Viridans Group
Gram-Negative:
Haemophilus influenzae
Dosing:
Apply a ½ inch ribbon into the conjunctival sac three times a day on the first two days, then apply a ½ inch ribbon two times a day for the next five days.
Supplied:
3.5 g STERILE ointment supplied in an aluminum tube with a white polyethylene tip and white polyethylene cap.
Erythromycin Ophthalmic Ointment USP, 0.5%
Erythromycin Ophthalmic Ointment USP, 0.5%
Indications:
For the treatment of superficial ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by organisms susceptible to erythromycin.
For prophylaxis of ophthalmia neonatorum due to N. gonorrhoeae or C. trachomatis.
The effectiveness of erythromycin in the prevention of ophthalmia caused by penicillinase-producing N.gonorrhoeae is not established.
For infants born to mothers with clinically apparent gonorrhea, intravenous or intramuscular injections of aqueous crystalline penicillin G should be given; a single dose of 50,000 units for term infants or 20,000 units for infants of low birth weight. Topical prophylaxis alone is inadequate for these infants.
Dosing:
In the treatment of superficial ocular infections, a ribbon approximately 1 cm in length of Erythromycin Opthalmic Ointment should be applied directly to the infected structure up to 6 times daily, depending on the severity of the infection.
For prophylaxis of neonatal gonococcal or chlamydial conjunctivitis, a ribbon of ointment approximately 1 cm in length should be instilled into each lower conjunctival sac. The ointment should not be flushed from the eye following instillation. A new tube should be used for each infant.
Supplied:
terile Erythromycin Ophthalmic Ointment USP, 0.5% is available as follows:
3.5 g (1/8 oz) sterile tamper-resistant tube
Efficacy:
Microbiology: Erythromycin inhibits protein synthesis without affecting nucleic acid synthesis. Erythromycin is usually active against the following organisms in vitro and in clinical infections:
Streptococcus pyogenes (group A β-hemolytic)
Alpha-hemolytic streptococci (viridans group)
Staphylococcus aureus, including penicillinase-producing strains (methicillin-resistant staphylococci are uniformly resistant to erythromycin)
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Eaton Agent, PPLO)
Haemophilus influenzae (not all strains of this organism are susceptible at the erythromycin concentrations ordinarily achieved)
Treponema pallidum
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Chlamydia trachomatis
ZYMAXID ® (gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.5%
ZYMAXID ® (gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.5%
Indications:
ZYMAXID® is indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms:
Aerobic gram-positive bacteria:
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus mitis group*
Streptococcus oralis *
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Aerobic gram-negative bacteria:
Haemophilus influenzae
*Efficacy for these organisms were studied in fewer than 10 infections.
Dosing:
Day 1: Instill one drop every two hours in the affected eye(s) while awake, up to 8 times.
Day 2 through Day 7: Instill one drop two to four times daily in the affected eye(s) while awake.
Precautions/Warnings:
Hypersensitivity
Growth of Resistant Organisms with Prolonged Use
Corneal Endothelial Cell Injury
Supplied:
Ophthalmic solution: 0.5% gatifloxacin (5 mg/mL).
ZYMAXID ® (gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.5% is supplied sterile in a white, low density polyethylene (LDPE) bottle with a controlled dropper tip, and a tan, high impact polystyrene (HIPS) cap in the following size:
2.5 mL in 5 mL bottle
Efficacy:
ZYMAXID ® is a quinolone antimicrobial topical ophthalmic solution for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis.
In two randomized, double-masked, multicenter clinical trials, where patients 1-89 years of age were dosed for 5 days, ZYMAXID ® was clinically superior to its vehicle on day 6 in patients with conjunctivitis and positive conjunctival cultures. Clinical outcomes for the trials demonstrated clinical success (resolution of conjunctival hyperemia and conjunctival discharge) in 58% (193/333) of patients for the gatifloxacin-treated groups versus 45% (148/325) for the vehicle-treated groups. Microbiological outcomes for the same clinical trials demonstrated a statistically superior eradication rate for causative pathogens of 90% (301/333) for gatifloxacin vs. 70% (228/325) for vehicle. Please note that microbiological eradication does not always correlate with clinical outcome in anti-infective trials.
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP 0.3%
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP 0.3%
Indications:
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens.
Dosing:
Instill one or two drops into the affected eye(s) every four hours. In severe infections, dosage may be increased to as much as two drops every hour.
Precautions/Warnings:
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP is not for injection. It should never be injected subconjunctivally, nor should it be directly introduced into the anterior chamber of the eye.
Prolonged use of topical antibiotics may give rise to overgrowth of nonsusceptible microorganisms, including fungi. Bacterial resistance to gentamicin may also develop. If purulent discharge, inflammation or pain becomes aggravated, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician.
If irritation or hypersensitivity to any component of the drug develops, the patient should discontinue use of this preparation and appropriate therapy should be instituted.
Prolonged use of topical antibiotics may give rise to overgrowth of nonsusceptible microorganisms, including fungi. Bacterial resistance to gentamicin may also develop. If purulent discharge, inflammation or pain becomes aggravated, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician.
If irritation or hypersensitivity to any component of the drug develops, the patient should discontinue use of this preparation and appropriate therapy should be instituted.
Supplied:
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic solution, USP 0.3% is supplied sterile in white opaque LDPE plastic bottles and tips with white high impact polystyrene (HIPS) caps as follows:
5 mL in 10 mL bottle – NDC 63187-163-05
Storage: Store at or below 25°C (77°F). Avoid exposure to excessive heat (40°C/104°F or above).
Efficacy:
Gentamicin sulfate is active in vitro against many strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens.
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic ointment USP, 0.3%
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic ointment is indicated in the topical treatment of ocular bacterial infections including conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis, blepharonconjunctivitis: acute meibomianitis, and dacryocystitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms:
Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Apply a small amount (approximately 1/2 inch ribbon) of ointment to the affected eye(s) two or three times a day.
HOW SUPPLIED
GENTAK® Gentamicin sulfate ophthalmic ointment USP, 0.3% is supplied in 3.5 g tube, box of one.
Levofloxacin ophthalmic solution 1.5%
Levofloxacin ophthalmic solution 1.5%
Indications:
Levofloxacin ophthalmic solution is indicated for the treatment of corneal ulcer caused by susceptible strains of the following bacteria:
Gram-positive bacteria:
Corynebacterium species
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus pneumonia
Viridans group streptococci*
Gram-negative bacteria:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Serratia marcescens*
*Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections
Dosing:
Days 1 through 3:
Instill one to two drops in the affected eye(s) every 30 minutes to 2 hours while awake and approximately 4 and 6 hours after retiring.
Day 4 through treatment completion:
Instill one to two drops in the affected eye(s) every 1 to 4 hours while awake.
Precautions/Warnings:
In patients receiving systemically administered quinolones, including levofloxacin, serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions have been reported, some following the first dose. Some reactions were accompanied by cardiovascular collapse, loss of consciousness, angioedema, (including laryngeal, pharyngeal or facial edema), airway obstruction, dyspnea, urticaria and itching. If an allergic reaction to levofloxacin occurs, discontinue the drug. Serious acute hypersensitivity reactions may require immediate emergency treatment. Oxygen and airway management should be administered as clinically indicated.
5.2 GROWTH OF RESISTANT ORGANISMS WITH PROLONGED USE
As with other anti-infectives, prolonged use may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, including fungi. If superinfection occurs, discontinue use and institute alternative therapy. Whenever clinical judgment dictates, the patient should be examined with the aid of magnification, such as slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and where appropriate, fluorescein staining.
5.3 AVOIDANCE OF CONTACT LENS WEAR
Patients should be advised not to wear contact lenses if they have signs and symptoms of corneal ulcer.
Supplied:
5 cc bottle filled with 5 mL sterile ophthalmic solution of levofloxacin, 1.5%.
Levofloxacin ophthalmic solution 1.5% is supplied in a sterile with a white opaque cylindrical shaped low density polyethylene bottle with an open white opaque cone shaped low density polyethylene controlled dropper tip and a tan color cone shaped high density polyethylene cap in the following size:
5 mL fill in 5 cc container– NDC 54288-140-01
Efficacy:
Levofloxacin is a member of the fluoroquinolone class of anti-microbial drug.
In two randomized, double-masked, multi-center, controlled clinical trials of 280 patients with positive cultures, subjects were dosed with levofloxacin or ofloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solution.
Dosing occurred on Days 1 through 3 every two hours while awake and 4 and 6 hours after retiring. Dosing occurred on Day 4 through treatment completion 4 times daily while awake. Clinical cure was defined as complete re-epithelialization and no progression of the infiltrate for two consecutive visits. The levofloxacin treated subjects had an approximately equal mean clinical cure rate of 80% (73% to 87%) compared to 84% (82% to 86%) for the subjects treated with ofloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solution.
NEOSPORIN OPHTHALMIC OINTMENT
NEOSPORIN OPHTHALMIC OINTMENT
Indications:
NEOSPORIN Ophthalmic Ointment is indicated for the topical treatment of superficial infections of the external eye and its adnexa caused by susceptible bacteria. Such infections encompass conjunctivitis, keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis, blepharitis and blepharoconjunctivitis.
Dosing:
Apply the ointment every 3 or 4 hours for 7 to 10 days, depending on the severity of the infection.
Precautions/Warnings:
NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE. NEOSPORIN OPHTHALMIC OINTMENT should never be directly introduced into the anterior chamber of the eye. Ophthalmic ointments may retard corneal wound healing.
Topical antibiotics, particularly neomycin sulfate, may cause cutaneous sensitization. A precise incidence of hypersensitivity reactions (primarily skin rash) due to topical antibiotics is not known. The manifestations of sensitization to topical antibiotics are usually itching, reddening, and edema of the conjunctiva and eyelid. A sensitization reaction may manifest simply as a failure to heal. During long-term use of topical antibiotic products, periodic examination for such signs is advisable, and the patient should be told to discontinue the product if they are observed. Symptoms usually subside quickly on withdrawing the medication. Application of products containing these ingredients should be avoided for the patient thereafter.
As with other antibiotic preparations, prolonged use of NEOSPORIN Ophthalmic Ointment may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. If superinfection occurs, appropriate measures should be initiated.
Bacterial resistance to NEOSPORIN Ophthalmic Ointment may also develop. If purulent discharge, inflammation, or pain become aggravated, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician.
There have been reports of bacterial keratitis associated with the use of topical ophthalmic products in multiple-dose containers which have been inadvertently contaminated by patients, most of whom had a concurrent corneal disease or a disruption of the ocular epithelial surface (see PRECAUTIONS: Information for Patients).
Allergic cross-reactions may occur which could prevent the use of any or all of the following antibiotics for the treatment of future infections: kanamycin, paromomycin, streptomycin, and possibly gentamicin.
Supplied:
Tube of 1/8 oz (3.5 g) with ophthalmic tip.
NEOSPORIN OPHTHALMIC OINTMENT (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and bacitracin zinc ophthalmic ointment) is a sterile antimicrobial ointment for ophthalmic use. Each gram contains: neomycin sulfate equivalent to 3.5 mg neomycin base, polymyxin B sulfate equivalent to 10,000 polymyxin B units, bacitracin zinc equivalent to 400 bacitracin units, and white petrolatum, q.s.
Efficacy:
A wide range of antibacterial action is provided by the overlapping spectra of neomycin, polymyxin B sulfate, and bacitracin.
Neomycin is bactericidal for many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is an aminoglycoside antibiotic which inhibits protein synthesis by binding with ribosomal RNA and causing misreading of the bacterial genetic code.
Polymyxin B is bactericidal for a variety of gram-negative organisms. It increases the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane by interacting with the phospholipid components of the membrane.
Bacitracin is bactericidal for a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis by inhibition of the regeneration of phospholipid receptors involved in peptidoglycan synthesis.
Neomycin and Polymyxin B Sulfates and Gramicidin Ophthalmic Solution
Neomycin and Polymyxin B Sulfates and Gramicidin Ophthalmic Solution, USP
Overview:
Neomycin and Polymyxin B Sulfates and Gramicidin Ophthalmic Solution, USP is a sterile antimicrobial solution for ophthalmic use.
Each mL contains: ACTIVES: Neomycin Sulfate, (equivalent to 1.75 mg neomycin base), Polymyxin B Sulfate equal to 10,000 Polymyxin B units, Gramicidin, 0.025 mg; INACTIVES: Sodium Chloride, Alcohol (0.5%), Poloxamer 188, Propylene Glycol, Purified Water. Hydrochloric Acid and/ or Ammonium Hydroxide may be added to adjust pH (4.7- 6.0).
PRESERVATIVE ADDED: Thimerosal 0.001%.
Neomycin Sulfate is the sulfate salt of neomycin B and C, which are produced by the growth of Streptomyces fradiae Waksman (Fam. Streptomycetaceae). It has a potency equivalent of not less than 600 micrograms of neomycin base per milligram, calculated on an anhydrous basis.
A wide range of antibacterial action is provided by the overlapping spectra of neomycin, polymyxin B sulfate, and gramicidin.
Neomycin is bactericidal for many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is an aminoglycoside antibiotic which inhibits protein synthesis by binding with ribosomal RNA and causing misreading of the bacterial genetic code.
Polymyxin B is bactericidal for a variety of gram-negative organisms. It increases the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane by interacting with the phospholipid components of the membrane.
Gramicidin is bactericidal for a variety of gram-positive organisms. It increases the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane to inorganic cations by forming a network of channels through the normal lipid bilayer of the membrane.
Indications:
Neomycin and Polymyxin B Sulfates and Gramicidin Ophthalmic Solution, USP is indicated for the topical treatment of superficial infections of the external eye and its adnexa caused by susceptible bacteria. Such infections encompass conjunctivitis, keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis, blepharitis and blepharoconjunctivitis.
Dosing:
Instill one or two drops into the affected eye every 4 hours for 7 to 10 days. In severe infections, dosage may be increased to as much as two drops every hour.
OCUFLOX® ophthalmic solution
OCUFLOX® ophthalmic solution
Indications:
OCUFLOX® ophthalmic solution is indicated for the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of the following bacteria in the conditions listed below:
*Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections
CONJUNCTIVITIS:
Gram-positive bacteria:
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Gram-negative bacteria:
Enterobacter cloacae
Haemophilus influenzae
Proteus mirabilis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
CORNEAL ULCERS:
Gram-positive bacteria:
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Gram-negative bacteria:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Serratia marcescens*
Anaerobic species:
Propionibacterium acnes
Dosing:
The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis is:
Days 1 and 2: Instill one to two drops every two to four hours in the affected eye(s).
Days 3 through 7: Instill one to two drops four times daily.
The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of bacterial corneal ulcer is:
Days 1 and 2: Instill one to two drops into the affected eye every 30 minutes, while awake. Awaken at approximately four and six hours after retiring and instill one to two drops.
Days 3 through 7 to 9: Instill one to two drops hourly, while awake.
Days 7 to 9 through treatment completion: Instill one to two drops, four times daily.
Precautions/Warnings:
NOT FOR INJECTION.
OCUFLOX® solution should not be injected subconjunctivally, nor should it be introduced directly into the anterior chamber of the eye.
There are rare reports of anaphylactic reaction/shock and fatal hypersensitivity reactions in patients receiving systemic quinolones, some following the first dose, including ofloxacin. Some reactions were accompanied by cardiovascular collapse, loss of consciousness, angioedema (including laryngeal, pharyngeal or facial edema), airway obstruction, dyspnea, urticaria, and itching. A rare occurrence of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which progressed to toxic epidermal necrolysis, has been reported in a patient who was receiving topical ophthalmic ofloxacin. If an allergic reaction to ofloxacin occurs, discontinue the drug. Serious acute hypersensitivity reactions may require immediate emergency treatment. Oxygen and airway management, including intubation should be administered as clinically indicated.
Supplied:
OCUFLOX® (ofloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.3% is supplied sterile in opaque white LDPE plastic bottles and white dropper tips with tan high impact polystyrene (HIPS) caps as follows:
5mL in 10mL bottle - NDC 11980-779-05
Efficacy:
OCUFLOX® (ofloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.3% is a sterile ophthalmic solution. It is a fluorinated carboxyquinolone anti-infective for topical ophthalmic use.
Ofloxacin has in vitro activity against a broad range of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Ofloxacin is bactericidal at concentrations equal to or slightly greater than inhibitory concentrations. Ofloxacin is thought to exert a bactericidal effect on susceptible bacterial cells by inhibiting DNA gyrase, an essential bacterial enzyme which is a critical catalyst in the duplication, transcription, and repair of bacterial DNA.
POLYTRIM® (polymyxin B sulfate and trimethoprim ophthalmic solution, USP)
POLYTRIM® (polymyxin B sulfate and trimethoprim ophthalmic solution, USP)
Indications:
POLYTRIM® Ophthalmic Solution is indicated in the treatment of surface ocular bacterial infections, including acute bacterial conjunctivitis, and blepharoconjunctivitis, caused by susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus viridans, Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.*
*Efficacy for this organism in this organ system was studied in fewer than 10 infections.
Dosing:
In mild to moderate infections, instill one drop in the affected eye(s) every three hours (maximum of 6 doses per day) for a period of 7 to 10 days.
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS
NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE. If a sensitivity reaction to POLYTRIM® occurs, discontinue use. POLYTRIM® Ophthalmic Solution is not indicated for the prophylaxis or treatment of ophthalmia neonatorum.
PRECAUTIONS
As with other antimicrobial preparations, prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi. If superinfection occurs, appropriate therapy should be initiated.
Supplied:
HOW SUPPLIED
POLYTRIM® (polymyxin B sulfate and trimethoprim ophthalmic solution, USP) is supplied sterile in opaque white low density polyethylene ophthalmic dispenser bottles and tips with white high impact polystyrene (HIPS) caps as follows:
10 mL in 10 mL bottle - NDC 0023-7824-10
Efficacy:
POLYTRIM® (polymyxin B sulfate and trimethoprim ophthalmic solution, USP) is a sterile antimicrobial solution for topical ophthalmic use. It has pH of 4.0 to 6.2 and osmolality of 270 to 310 mOsm/kg. Microbiology: In vitro studies have demonstrated that the anti-infective components of POLYTRIM® are active against the following bacterial pathogens that are capable of causing external infections of the eye:
Trimethoprim : Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus aegyptius , Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis (indole-negative), Proteus vulgaris (indole-positive), Enterobacter aerogenes and Serratia marcescens.
Polymyxin B: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes and Haemophilus influenzae.
Sulfacetamide Sodium Ophthalmic Solution, USP 10%
Sulfacetamide Sodium Ophthalmic Solution, USP 10%
Indications:
Sulfacetamide Sodium Ophthalmic Solution, USP 10% is indicated for the treatment of conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular infections due to susceptible microorganisms, and as an adjunctive in systemic sulfonamide therapy of trachoma: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
Dosing:
For conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular infections: Instill one or two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two to three hours initially. Dosages may be tapered by increasing the time interval between doses as the condition responds. The usual duration of treatment is seven to ten days.
For trachoma: Instill two drops into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every two hours. Topical administration must be accompanied by systemic administration.
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS
FOR TOPICAL EYE USE ONLY - NOT FOR INJECTION.
FATALITIES HAVE OCCURRED, ALTHOUGH RARELY, DUE TO SEVERE REACTIONS TO SULFONAMIDES INCLUDING STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS, FULMINANT HEPATIC NECROSIS, AGRANULOCYTOSIS, APLASTIC ANEMIA AND OTHER BLOOD DYSCRASIAS. Sensitizations may recur when a sulfonamide is readministered, irrespective of the route of administration. Sensitivity reactions have been reported in individuals with no prior history of sulfonamide hypersensitivity. At the first sign of hypersensitivity, skin rash or other serious reaction, discontinue use of this preparation.
PRECAUTIONS
Prolonged use of topical antibacterial agents may give rise to overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi. Bacterial resistance to sulfonamides may also develop.
The effectiveness of sulfonamides may be reduced by the para-aminobenzoic acid present in purulent exudates.
Sensitization may recur when a sulfonamide is readministered irrespective of the route of administration and cross-sensitivity between different sulfonamides may occur.
At the first sign of hypersensitivity, increase in purulent discharge, or aggravation of inflammation or pain, the patient should discontinue use of the medication and consult a physician
Supplied:
Sulfacetamide Sodium Ophthalmic Solution, USP 10% is a sterile, topical antibacterial agent for ophthalmic use. The active ingredient is represented by the following structural formula:
Chemical name: N-Sulfanilylacetamide monosodium salt monohydrate.
Each mL contains:
ACTIVE: Sulfacetamide Sodium, 100 mg/mL (10%)
HOW SUPPLIED
Product: 50090-0246
NDC: 50090-0246-0 15 mL in a BOTTLE, DROPPER / 1 in a CARTON
Efficacy:
The sulfonamides are bacteriostatic agents and the spectrum of activity is similar for all. Sulfonamides inhibit bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by preventing the condensation of the pteridine with aminobenzoic acid through competitive inhibition of the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. Resistant strains have altered dihydropteroate synthetase with reduced affinity for sulfonamides or produce increased quantities of aminobenzoic acid.
Topically applied sulfonamides are considered active against susceptible strains of the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
Sulfacetamide Sodium Ointment USP, 10%
INDICATIONS AND USAGE:
For the treatment of conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular infections due to susceptible microorganisms:
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
Topically applied sulfonamides do not provide adequate coverage against Neisseria species, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION:
For conjunctivitis and other superficial ocular Infections: Apply a small amount (approximately one-half inch ribbon) into the conjunctival sac(s) of the affected eye(s) every three to four hours and at bedtime. Dosages may be tapered by increasing the time interval between doses as the condition responds. The ointment may be used as adjunct to the solution. The usual duration of treatment is seven to ten days.
HOW SUPPLIED:
Sulfacetamide Sodium Ophthalmic Ointment USP, 10%, is supplied in 3.5 gram (1/8 oz) sterile, tamper evident tubes, NDC 0574-4190-35
Store at 20°-25°C (68°-77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic solution) 0.3%
TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic solution) 0.3%
Indications:
TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic solution) 0.3% is a topical antibiotic indicated in the treatment of external infections of the eye and its adnexa caused by susceptible bacteria. Appropriate monitoring of bacterial response to topical antibiotic therapy should accompany the use of TOBREX. Clinical studies have shown tobramycin to be safe and effective for use in children.
Dosing:
In mild to moderate disease, instill 1 or 2 drops into the affected eye(s) every 4 hours. In severe infections, instill 2 drops into the eye(s) hourly until improvement, following which treatment should be reduced prior to discontinuation.
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS
FOR TOPICAL OPHTHALMIC USE. NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE. Sensitivity to topically applied aminoglycosides may occur in some patients. Severity of hypersensitivity reactions may vary from local effects to generalized reactions such as erythema, itching, urticaria, skin rash, anaphylaxis, anaphylactoid reactions, or bullous reactions. If a sensitivity reaction to TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic solution) 0.3% occurs, discontinue use.
PRECAUTIONS
General: As with other antibiotic preparations, prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi. If superinfection occurs, appropriate therapy should be initiated.
Cross-sensitivity to other aminoglycoside antibiotics may occur; if hypersensitivity develops with this product, discontinue use and institute appropriate therapy. Patients should be advised not to wear contact lenses if they have signs and symptoms of bacterial ocular infection.
Supplied:
TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic solution) 0.3% is a sterile topical ophthalmic antibiotic formulation prepared specifically for topical therapy of external ophthalmic infections.
Each mL of TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic solution) 0.3% contains: Active: tobramycin 0.3% (3 mg). Preservative: benzalkonium chloride 0.01% (0.1 mg). Inactives: boric acid, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, tyloxapol, sodium hydroxide and/or sulfuric acid (to adjust pH) and purified water. TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic solution) 0.3% has a pH range between 7.0 and 8.0 and an osmolality of 260-320 mOsm/kg.
TOBREX (tobramycin ophthalmic solution) 0.3% is supplied as a 5 mL sterile solution, packaged in a 8 mL low density polyethylene white bottle and natural dispensing plug and white polypropylene closure as follows:
5 mL containing tobramycin 0.3% (3 mg/mL) .... NDC 0065-0643-05
Storage: Store at 2°C to 25°C (36°F to 77°F).
Efficacy:
In Vitro Data: In vitro studies have demonstrated tobramycin is active against susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococci, including S. aureus and S. epidermidis (coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative), including penicillin-resistant strains.
Streptococci, including some of the Group A-beta-hemolytic species, some nonhemolytic species, and some Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, most Proteus vulgaris strains, Haemophilus influenzae and H. aegyptius, Moraxella lacunata, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and some Neisseria species. Bacterial susceptibility studies demonstrate that in some cases, microorganisms resistant to gentamicin retain susceptibility to tobramycin.
TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic ointment) 0.3%
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic ointment) 0.3 % is a topical antibiotic indicated in the treatment of external infections of the eye and its adnexa caused by susceptible bacteria. Appropriate monitoring of bacterial response to topical antibiotic therapy should accompany the use of TOBREX (tobramycin ophthalmic ointment) 0.3%. Clinical studies have shown tobramycin to be safe and effective for use in children.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
In mild to moderate disease, apply a half-inch ribbon into the affected eye(s) 2 or 3 times per day. In severe infections, instill a half-inch ribbon into the affected eye(s) every 3 to 4 hours until improvement, following which treatment should be reduced prior to discontinuation.
How to Apply TOBREX (tobramycin ophthalmic ointment) 0.3%:
1. Tilt your head back.
2. Place a finger on your cheek just under your eye and gently pull down until a ''V'' pocket is formed between your eyeball and your lower lid.
3. Place a small amount (about ½ inch) of TOBREX® (tobramycin ophthalmic ointment) 0.3% in the ''V'' pocket. Do not let the tip of the tube touch your eye.
4. Look downward before closing your eye.
HOW SUPPLIED
TOBREX (tobramycin ophthalmic ointment) 0.3% is supplied as a 3.5 g sterile ointment in an aluminum tube with a white polyethylene tip and white polyethylene cap as follows:
3.5 g containing tobramycin 0.3% (3 mg/g).................................................. NDC 0065-0644-35
Storage: Store at 2°C to 25°C (36°F to 77°F).
BLEPHAMIDE ® (sulfacetamide sodium–prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension)
BLEPHAMIDE ® (sulfacetamide sodium–prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension, USP)
Indications:
BLEPHAMIDE ® ophthalmic suspension is a steroid/anti-infective combination drug indicated for steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where superficial bacterial ocular infection or a risk of bacterial ocular infection exists.
Ocular corticosteroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of corticosteroid use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns or penetration of foreign bodies.
The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of superficial ocular infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.
The particular antibacterial drug in this product is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species. This product does not provide adequate coverage against: Neisseria species, Pseudomonas species, and Serratia marcescens.
A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
Dosing:
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
SHAKE WELL BEFORE USING. Two drops should be instilled into the conjunctival sac every four hours during the day and at bedtime.
Not more than 20 milliliters should be prescribed initially, and the prescription should not be refilled without further evaluation as outlined in PRECAUTIONS above.
BLEPHAMIDE ® dosage may be reduced, but care should be taken not to discontinue therapy prematurely. In chronic conditions, withdrawal of treatment should be carried out by gradually decreasing the frequency of application.
If signs and symptoms fail to improve after two days, the patient should be re-evaluated
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS
NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE.
Prolonged use of corticosteroids may result in posterior subcapsular cataract formation and may increase intraocular pressure in susceptible individuals, resulting in ocular hypertension/glaucoma with damage to the optic nerve, defects in visual acuity and fields of vision.
If the product is used for 10 days or longer, intraocular pressure should be routinely monitored even though it may be difficult in children and uncooperative patients. Corticosteroids should be used with caution in the presence of glaucoma. Intraocular pressure should be checked frequently.
The use of steroids after cataract surgery may delay healing and increase the incidence of bleb formation.
In those diseases causing thinning of the cornea or sclera, perforation has been known to occur with the use of topical corticosteroids.
In acute purulent conditions of the eye, corticosteroids may mask infection or enhance existing infection.
The use of ocular corticosteroids may prolong the course and may exacerbate the severity of many viral infections of the eye (including herpes simplex). Employment of corticosteroid medication in the treatment of herpes simplex requires great caution.
Prolonged use of BLEPHAMIDE ® ophthalmic suspension may suppress the host response and thus increase the hazard of secondary ocular infections.
Prolonged use of topical anti-bacterial agents may give rise to overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms including fungi.
A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfonamides.
Acute anterior uveitis may occur in susceptible individuals, primarily Blacks.
Fatalities have occurred, although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia and other blood dyscrasias. Sensitization may recur when a sulfonamide is readministered, irrespective of the route of administration.
If signs of hypersensitivity, skin rash, or other serious reactions occur, discontinue use of this preparation. Cross-sensitivity among corticosteroids has been demonstrated
Supplied:
BLEPHAMIDE ® (sulfacetamide sodium–prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension, USP) is supplied sterile in opaque white LDPE plastic bottles and white dropper tips with white high impact polystyrene (HIPS) caps as follows:
5 mL in 10 mL bottle — NDC 11980-022-05
10 mL in 15 mL bottle — NDC 11980-022-10
Note: Shake well before using.
--
Efficacy:
Sulfacetamide sodium exerts a bacteriostatic effect against susceptible bacteria by restricting the synthesis of folic acid required for growth through competition with p-aminobenzoic acid.
Some strains of these bacteria may be resistant to sulfacetamide or resistant strains may emerge in vivo.
The anti-infective component in these products is included to provide action against specific organisms susceptible to it. Sulfacetamide sodium is active in vitro against susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species. This product does not provide adequate coverage against: Neisseria species, Pseudomonas species, and Serratia marcescens
BLEPHAMIDE ® (sulfacetamide sodium and prednisolone acetate ophthalmic ointment, USP)
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
BLEPHAMIDE ® ophthalmic ointment is indicated for steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where superficial bacterial ocular infection or a risk of bacterial ocular infection exists.
Ocular corticosteroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of corticosteroid use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns or penetration of foreign bodies.
The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of superficial ocular infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.
The particular antibacterial drug in this product is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (viridans group), Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species.
The product does not provide adequate coverage against: Neisseria species, Pseudomonas species, and Serratia marcescens.
A significant percentage of staphylococcal isolates are completely resistant to sulfa drugs.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
A small amount, approximately 1/2 inch ribbon of ointment, should be applied in the conjunctival sac three or four times daily and once or twice at night.
Not more than 8 g should be prescribed initially.
The dosing of BLEPHAMIDE ® ophthalmic ointment may be reduced, but care should be taken not to discontinue therapy prematurely. In chronic conditions, withdrawal of treatment should be carried out by gradually decreasing the frequency of application.
If signs and symptoms fail to improve after two days, the patient should be re-evaluated (see PRECAUTIONS).
HOW SUPPLIED
BLEPHAMIDE ® (sulfacetamide sodium and prednisolone acetate ophthalmic ointment, USP) 10%/0.2% is supplied sterile in ointment tubes of the following size:
3.5 g - NDC 0023-0313-04
CORTISPORIN Ophthalmic Suspension
CORTISPORIN Ophthalmic Suspension
Also available as an ointment.
Indications:
CORTISPORIN Ophthalmic Suspension is indicated for steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where bacterial infection or a risk of bacterial infection exists.
Ocular corticosteroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of corticosteroid use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation, or thermal burns, or penetration of foreign bodies.
The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY: Microbiology).
The particular anti-infective drugs in this product are active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella/Enterobacter species, Neisseria species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The product does not provide adequate coverage against Serratia marcescens and streptococci, including Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Dosing:
One or two drops in the affected eye every 3 or 4 hours, depending on the severity of the condition. The suspension may be used more frequently if necessary.
Not more than 20 milliliters should be prescribed initially and the prescription should not be refilled without further evaluation as outlined in PRECAUTIONS above.
SHAKE WELL BEFORE USING.
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS
NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE. CORTISPORIN Ophthalmic Suspension should never be directly introduced into the anterior chamber of the eye.
Prolonged use of corticosteroids may result in ocular hypertension and/or glaucoma, with damage to the optic nerve, defects in visual acuity and fields of vision, and in posterior subcapsular cataract formation.
Prolonged use may suppress the host response and thus increase the hazard of secondary ocular infections. In those diseases causing thinning of the cornea or sclera, perforations have been known to occur with the use of topical corticosteroids. In acute purulent conditions of the eye, corticosteroids may mask infection or enhance existing infection.
If these products are used for 10 days or longer, intraocular pressure should be routinely monitored even though it may be difficult in uncooperative patients. Corticosteroids should be used with caution in the presence of glaucoma.
The use of corticosteroids after cataract surgery may delay healing and increase the incidence of filtering blebs.
[See insert link above]
Supplied:
CORTISPORIN® Ophthalmic Suspension
(neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and hydrocortisone) Ophthalmic Suspension, USP Sterile
Plastic DROP DOSE® dispenser bottle of 7.5 mL (NDC 61570-036-75).
Store at 15° to 25°C (59° to 77°F).
Efficacy:
Microbiology: The anti-infective components in CORTISPORIN Ophthalmic Suspension are included to provide action against specific organisms susceptible to it. Neomycin sulfate and polymyxin B sulfate are active in vitro against susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella/Enterobacter species, Neisseria species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The product does not provide adequate coverage against Serratia marcescens and streptococci, including Streptococcus pneumoniae
MAXITROL®
MAXITROL® (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension)
DESCRIPTION
MAXITROL® (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) is a multiple dose anti-infective steroid combination in sterile suspension form for topical application.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
For steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where bacterial infection or a risk of bacterial infection exists.
Ocular corticosteroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of corticosteroids use in certain infective conjunctivides is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns; or penetration of foreign bodies.
The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.
The particular anti-infective drug in this product is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae , Klebsiella /Enterobacter species, Neisseria species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
This product does not provide adequate coverage against: Serratia marces c ens and streptococci, including Streptococcus pneumoniae.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
One to two drops in the conjunctival sac(s). In severe disease, drops may be used hourly, being tapered to discontinuation as the inflammation subsides. In mild disease, drops may be used up to four to six times daily. Not more than 20 mL should be prescribed initially, and the prescription should not be refilled without further evaluation as outlined in PRECAUTIONS above.
WARNINGS
NOT FOR INJECTION.
Use of ocular steroids may prolong the course and may exacerbate the severity of many viral infections of the eye (including herpes simplex). Employment of steroid medication in the treatment of herpes simplex requires great caution.
Prolonged use may result in glaucoma, with damage to the optic nerve, defects in visual acuity and fields of vision, and posterior subcapsular cataract formation. Prolonged use may suppress the host response and thus increase the hazard of secondary ocular infections. In those diseases causing thinning of the cornea or sclera, perforations have been known to occur with the use of topical steroids. In acute purulent conditions of the eye, steroids may mask infection or enhance existing infection. If this product is used for 10 days or longer, intraocular pressure should be routinely monitored even though it may be difficult in children and uncooperative patients.
Products containing neomycin sulfate may cause cutaneous sensitization. Sensitivity to topically administered aminoglycosides, such as neomycin, may occur in some patients. If hypersensitivity develops during use of the product, treatment should be discontinued. Cross-hypersensitivity to other aminoglycosides can occur, and the possibility that patients who become sensitized to topical neomycin may also be sensitive to other topical and/or systemic aminoglycosides should be considered.
PRECAUTIONS
The initial prescription and renewal of the medication order beyond 8 g should be made by a physician only after examination of the patient with the aid of magnification, such as a slit lamp biomicroscopy and, where appropriate, fluorescein staining. The possibility of persistent fungal infections of the cornea should be considered after prolonged steroid dosing. Fungal infection should be suspected in patients with persistent corneal ulceration.
HOW SUPPLIED
MAXITROL® (neomycin and polymyxin B sulfates and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) is supplied as a sterile ophthalmic suspension in a white, low density polyethylene DROP-TAINER® dispenser with a pink, polypropylene cap as follows:
5 mL in 8 mL bottle……………………………………………………….NDC 0998-0630-06
Storage: Store upright at 8°C to 27°C (46°F-80°F).
PRED-G ® (gentamicin and prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension, USP) 0.3%/1%
PRED-G ® (gentamicin and prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension, USP) 0.3%/1%
Indications:
PRED-G ® sterile ophthalmic suspension is a topical anti-inflammatory/anti-infective combination product for ophthalmic use.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
PRED-G ® suspension is indicated for steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where superficial bacterial ocular infection or a risk of bacterial ocular infection exists.
Ocular steroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of steroid use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation, or thermal burns or penetration of foreign bodies.
The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of superficial ocular infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.
The particular anti-infective drug in this product is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens.
Dosing:
Instill one drop into the conjunctival sac two to four times daily. During the initial 24 to 48 hours, the dosing frequency may be increased, if necessary, up to 1 drop every hour. Care should be taken not to discontinue therapy prematurely.
If signs and symptoms fail to improve after two days, the patient should be re-evaluated (see PRECAUTIONS).
Not more than 20 milliliters should be prescribed initially, and the prescription should not be refilled without further evaluation as outlined in PRECAUTIONS above.
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS
Prolonged use of corticosteroids may result in glaucoma with damage to the optic nerve, defects in visual acuity and fields of vision, and in posterior subcapsular cataract formation.
Prolonged use of corticosteroids may suppress the host response and thus increase the hazard of secondary ocular infections.
Various ocular diseases and long-term use of topical corticosteroids have been known to cause corneal and scleral thinning. Use of topical corticosteroids in the presence of thin corneal or scleral tissue may lead to perforation.
Acute purulent infections of the eye may be masked or enhanced by the presence of corticosteroid medication.
If this product is used for 10 days or longer, intraocular pressure should be routinely monitored even though it may be difficult in children and uncooperative patients. Steroids should be used with caution in the presence of glaucoma. Intraocular pressure should be checked frequently.
The use of steroids after cataract surgery may delay healing and increase the incidence of bleb formation.
Use of ocular steroids may prolong the course and may exacerbate the severity of many viral infections of the eye (including herpes simplex). Employment of a corticosteroid medication in the treatment of patients with a history of herpes simplex requires great caution; frequent slit lamp microscopy is recommended.
PRED-G ® sterile ophthalmic suspension is not for injection. It should never be injected subconjunctivally, nor should it be directly introduced into the anterior chamber of the eye.
PRECAUTIONS
Ocular irritation and punctate keratitis have been associated with the use of PRED-G ® suspension. The initial prescription and renewal of the medication order beyond 20 milliliters should be made by a physician only after examination of the patient’s intraocular pressure, examination of the patient with the aid of magnification such as slit lamp biomicroscopy and, where appropriate, fluorescein staining.
As fungal infections of the cornea are particularly prone to develop coincidentally with long-term corticosteroid applications, fungal invasion should be suspected in any persistent corneal ulceration where a corticosteroid has been used or is in use. Fungal cultures should be taken when appropriate.
Supplied:
PRED-G ® (gentamicin and prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension, USP) 0.3%/1% is supplied sterile in white LDPE plastic bottles with droppers with white high impact polystyrene (HIPS) caps as follows:
5 mL in 10 mL bottle – NDC 0023-0106-05
Efficacy:
Corticosteroids suppress the inflammatory response to a variety of agents and they probably delay or slow healing. Since corticosteroids may inhibit the body’s defense mechanism against infection, a concomitant antimicrobial drug may be used when this inhibition is considered to be clinically significant in a particular case.
The anti-infective component in PRED-G ® is included to provide action against specific organisms susceptible to it. Gentamicin sulfate is active in vitro against susceptible strains of the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens.
When a decision to administer both a corticosteroid and an antimicrobial is made, the administration of such drugs in combination has the advantage of greater patient compliance and convenience, with the added assurance that the appropriate dosage of both drugs is administered. When both types of drugs are in the same formulation, compatibility of ingredients is assured and the correct volume of drug is delivered and retained.
TOBRADEX® (tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension)
TOBRADEX® (tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension)
Indications:
TOBRADEX® (tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) is indicated for steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where superficial bacterial ocular infection or a risk of bacterial ocular infection exists.
Ocular steroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of steroid use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns, or penetration of foreign bodies.
The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of superficial ocular infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.
The particular anti-infective drug in this product is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens:
Staphylococci, including S. aureus and S. epidermidis (coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative), including penicillin-resistant strains.
Streptococci, including some of the Group A-beta-hemolytic species, some nonhemolytic species, and some Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, most Proteus vulgaris strains, Haemophilus influenzae and H. aegyptius, Moraxella lacunata, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and some Neisseria species.
Dosing:
One or two drops instilled into the conjunctival sac(s) every four to six hours. During the initial 24 to 48 hours, the dosage may be increased to one or two drops every two (2) hours. Frequency should be decreased gradually as warranted by improvement in clinical signs. Care should be taken not to discontinue therapy prematurely.
Not more than 20 mL should be prescribed initially and the prescription should not be refilled without further evaluation as outlined in PRECAUTIONS above.
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS
FOR TOPICAL OPHTHALMIC USE ONLY. NOT FOR INJECTION INTO THE EYE. Sensitivity to topically applied aminoglycosides may occur in some patients. If a sensitivity reaction does occur, discontinue use.
Prolonged use of steroids may result in glaucoma, with damage to the optic nerve, defects in visual acuity and fields of vision, and posterior subcapsular cataract formation. Intraocular pressure should be routinely monitored even though it may be difficult in pediatric patients and uncooperative patients. Prolonged use may suppress the host response and thus increase the hazard of secondary ocular infections. In those diseases causing thinning of the cornea or sclera, perforations have been known to occur with the use of topical steroids. In acute purulent conditions of the eye, steroids may mask infection or enhance existing infection.
PRECAUTIONS
The possibility of fungal infections of the cornea should be considered after long-term steroid dosing. As with other antibiotic preparations, prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi. If superinfection occurs, appropriate therapy should be initiated. When multiple prescriptions are required, or whenever clinical judgement dictates, the patient should be examined with the aid of magnification, such as slit lamp biomicroscopy and, where appropriate, fluorescein staining.
Cross-sensitivity to other aminoglycoside antibiotics may occur; if hypersensitivity develops with this product, discontinue use and institute appropriate therapy.
Supplied:
TOBRADEX 0.3% / 0.1% OPTH SUSP
Sterile ophthalmic suspension in 2.5 mL - NDC 16590-223-25
STORAGE: Store at 8°-27°C (46°-80°F).
Store suspension upright and shake well before using.
TOBRADEX® (tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) is a sterile, multiple dose antibiotic and steroid combination for topical ophthalmic use.
TOBRADEX 0.3% / 0.1% OPTH SUSP
Efficacy:
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Corticoids suppress the inflammatory response to a variety of agents and they probably delay or slow healing. Since corticoids may inhibit the body's defense mechanism against infection, a concomitant antimicrobial drug may be used when this inhibition is considered to be clinically significant. Dexamethasone is a potent corticoid.
The antibiotic component in the combination (tobramycin) is included to provide action against susceptible organisms. In vitro studies have demonstrated that tobramycin is active against susceptible strains of the following microorganisms:
Staphylococci, including S. aureus and S. epidermidis (coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative), including penicillin-resistant strains.
Streptococci, including some of the Group A-beta-hemolytic species, some nonhemolytic species, and some Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, most Proteus vulgaris strains, Haemophilus influenzae and H. aegyptius, Moraxella lacunata, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and some Neisseria species.
TOBRADEX® (tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic ointment)
Tobramycin 0.3% / dexamethasone 0.1%, ophthalmic ointment
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
TOBRADEX (tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic ointment) is indicated for steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where superficial bacterial ocular infection or a risk of bacterial ocular infection exists.
Ocular steroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of steroid use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns, or penetration of foreign bodies.
The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of superficial ocular infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.
The particular anti-infective drug in this product is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens:
Staphylococci, including S. aureus and S. epidermidis (coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative), including penicillin-resistant strains.
Streptococci, including some of the Group A-beta-hemolytic species, some nonhemolytic species, and some Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, most Proteus vulgaris strains, Haemophilus influenzae and H. aegyptius, Moraxella lacunata, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and some Neisseria species.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Apply a small amount (approximately 1/2 inch ribbon) into the conjunctival sac(s) up to three or four times daily.
How to apply TOBRADEX (tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic ointment):
Tilt your head back.
Place a finger on your cheek just under your eye and gently pull down until a “V” pocket is formed between your eyeball and your lower lid.
Place a small amount (about 1/2 inch) of TOBRADEX (tobramycin and dexamethasone ophthalmic ointment) in the “V” pocket. Do not let the tip of the tube touch your eye.
Look downward before closing your eye.
Not more than 8 g should be prescribed initially and the prescription should not be refilled without further evaluation as outlined in PRECAUTIONS above.
HOW SUPPLIED
3.5 g STERILE ointment supplied in an aluminum tube with a white polyethylene tip and white polyethylene cap. (NDC 21695-628-35).
TOBRADEX® ST (tobramycin / dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) 0.3%/0.05%
TOBRADEX® ST (tobramycin / dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) 0.3%/0.05%
Indications:
TOBRADEX® ST ophthalmic suspension is indicated for steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where superficial bacterial ocular infection or a risk of bacterial ocular infection exists.
Ocular steroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe where the inherent risk of steroid use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns, or penetration of foreign bodies.
The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of superficial ocular infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.
The particular anti-infective drug in this product is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens: Staphylococci, including S. aureus and S. epidermidis (coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative), including penicillin-resistant isolates. Streptococci, including some Group A and other beta-hemolytic species, some nonhemolytic species, and some Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, most Proteus vulgaris isolates, Haemophilus influenzae, H. aegyptius, Moraxella lacunata, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and some Neisseria species.
Dosing:
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
• Instill one drop into the conjunctival sac(s) every 4 to 6 hours. ( 2.1 )
• During the initial 24 to 48 hours, dosage may be increased to one drop every 2 hours. ( 2.1 )
• Frequency should be decreased gradually as warranted by improvement in clinical signs, but care should be taken not to discontinue therapy prematurely. ( 2.1 )
2.1 RECOMMENDED DOSING
Instill one drop into the conjunctival sac(s) every four to six hours. During the initial 24 to 48 hours, the dosage may be increased to one drop every two hours. Frequency should be decreased gradually as warranted by improvement in clinical signs. Care should be taken not to discontinue therapy prematurely.
2.2 PRESCRIPTION GUIDELINE
Not more than 20 mL should be prescribed initially and the prescription should not be refilled without further evaluation as outlined in WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Precautions/Warnings:
Supplied:
TOBRADEX ST ophthalmic suspension contains 3 mg/mL tobramycin and 0.5 mg/mL dexamethasone.
DESCRIPTION
TOBRADEX® ST (tobramycin / dexamethasone ophthalmic suspension) 0.3%/0.05% is a sterile, isotonic, white, aqueous antibiotic and steroid suspension with a pH of approximately 5.7 and an osmolality of approximately 290 mOsm/kg.
HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING
TOBRADEX® ST is supplied as a 2.5 mL, 5 mL, or 10 mL suspension in a 4 mL, 8 mL or 10 mL natural polyethylene DROP-TAINER® bottle with a natural polyethylene dispenser tip and a pink polypropylene overcap. Tamper evidence is provided with a shrink band around the closure and neck area of the bottle.
NDC 0065-0652-25: 2.5 mL
NDC 0065-0652-05: 5 mL
NDC 0065-0652-10: 10 mL
Bacitracin Zinc and Polymyxin B Sulfate Ophthalmic Ointment, USP
Bacitracin Zinc and Polymyxin B Sulfate Ophthalmic Ointment, USP
Indications:
For the treatment of superficial ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by organisms susceptible to bacitracin zinc and polymyxin B sulfate.
Dosing:
Apply the ointment every 3 or 4 hours for 7 to 10 days, depending on the severity of the infection.
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS
Ophthalmic ointments may retard corneal healing.
PRECAUTIONS
As with other antibiotic preparations, prolonged use may result in overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms, including fungi. Appropriate measures should be taken if this occurs.
Supplied:
Bacitracin Zinc and Polymyxin B Sulfate Ophthalmic Ointment, USP is available in tubes with an ophthalmic tip applicator in the following size:
Box of 3.5g NDC 68071-5267-3
Each gram contains: Actives: Bacitracin Zinc equal to 500 bacitracin units and Polymyxin B Sulfate equal to 10,000 polymyxin B units; Inactives: Mineral Oil and White Petrolatum.
ZYLET (loteprednol etabonate and tobramycin ophthalmic suspension) 0.5%/0.3%
ZYLET (loteprednol etabonate and tobramycin ophthalmic suspension) 0.5%/0.3%
Indications:
ZYLET® (loteprednol etobonate and tobramycin ophthalmic suspension) is a topical anti-infective and corticosteroid combination for steroid-responsive inflammatory ocular conditions for which a corticosteroid is indicated and where superficial bacterial ocular infection or a risk of bacterial ocular infection exists.
Ocular steroids are indicated in inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe such as allergic conjunctivitis, acne rosacea, superficial punctate keratitis, herpes zoster keratitis, iritis, cyclitis, and where the inherent risk of steroid use in certain infective conjunctivitides is accepted to obtain a diminution in edema and inflammation. They are also indicated in chronic anterior uveitis and corneal injury from chemical, radiation or thermal burns, or penetration of foreign bodies.
The use of a combination drug with an anti-infective component is indicated where the risk of superficial ocular infection is high or where there is an expectation that potentially dangerous numbers of bacteria will be present in the eye.
The particular anti-infective drug in this product (tobramycin) is active against the following common bacterial eye pathogens:
Staphylococci, including S. aureus and S. epidermidis (coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative), including penicillin-resistant strains. Streptococci, including some of the Group A-beta-hemolytic species, some nonhemolytic species, and some Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, most Proteus vulgaris strains, Haemophilus influenzae, and H. aegyptius, Moraxella lacunata, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and some Neisseria species.
Dosing:
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Apply one or two drops of ZYLET into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye every four to six hours. (2.1)
2.1 RECOMMENDED DOSING
Apply one or two drops of ZYLET into the conjunctival sac of the affected eye every four to six hours. During the initial 24 to 48 hours, the dosing may be increased, to every one to two hours. Frequency should be decreased gradually as warranted by improvement in clinical signs. Care should be taken not to discontinue therapy prematurely.
2.2 PRESCRIPTION GUIDELINE
Not more than 20 mL should be prescribed initially and the prescription should not be refilled without further evaluation
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
•Intraocular pressure (IOP) – Prolonged use of corticosteroids may result in glaucoma with damage to the optic nerve, defects in visual acuity and fields of vision. If this product is used for 10 days or longer, IOP should be monitored. (5.1)
•Cataracts – Use of corticosteroids may result in posterior subcapsular cataract formation. (5.2)
•Delayed healing – The use of steroids after cataract surgery may delay healing and increase the incidence of bleb formation. In those diseases causing thinning of the cornea or sclera, perforations have been known to occur with the use of topical steroids. The initial prescription and renewal of the medication order should be made by a physician only after examination of the patient with the aid of a magnification such as slit lamp biomicroscopy and, where appropriate, fluorescein staining. (5.3)
•Bacterial infections – Prolonged use of corticosteroids may suppress the host response and thus increase the hazard of secondary ocular infection. In acute purulent conditions, steroids may mask infection or enhance existing infection. If signs and symptoms fail to improve after 2 days, the patient should be re-evaluated. (5.4)
•Viral infections – Employment of a corticosteroid medication in the treatment of patients with a history of herpes simplex requires great caution. Use of ocular steroids may prolong the course and may exacerbate the severity of many viral infections of the eye (including herpes simplex). (5.5)
•Fungal infections – Fungal infections of the cornea are particularly prone to develop coincidentally with long-term local steroid application. Fungus invasion must be considered in any persistent corneal ulceration where a steroid has been used or is in use. (5.6)
Supplied:
ZYLET (loteprednol etabonate and tobramycin ophthalmic suspension) 0.5%/0.3% contains 5 mg/mL loteprednol etabonate and 3 mg/mL tobramycin.
ZYLET (loteprednol etabonate and tobramycin ophthalmic suspension) is supplied in a white low density polyethylene plastic bottle with a white controlled drop tip and a white polypropylene cap in the following sizes:
5 mL (NDC 24208-358-05) in a 7.5 mL bottle
10 mL (NDC 24208-358-10) in a 10 mL bottle
AzaSite® (azithromycin ophthalmic solution 1%)
AzaSite® (azithromycin ophthalmic solution 1%)
Indications:
AzaSite® is indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible isolates of the following microorganisms:
CDC coryneform group G*
Haemophilus influenzae
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus mitis group
Streptococcus pneumoniae
* Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections.
Dosing:
The recommended dosage regimen for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis is:
Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) twice daily, eight to twelve hours apart for the first two days and then instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) once daily for the next five days.
Precautions/Warnings:
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
For topical ophthalmic use only. (5.1)
Anaphylaxis and hypersensitivity have been reported with systemic use of azithromycin. (5.2)
Growth of resistant organisms may occur with prolonged use. (5.3)
Patients should not wear contact lenses if they have signs or symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis. (5.4)
5.1 TOPICAL OPHTHALMIC USE ONLY
NOT FOR INJECTION. AzaSite is indicated for topical ophthalmic use only, and should not be administered systemically, injected subconjunctivally, or introduced directly into the anterior chamber of the eye.
Supplied:
AzaSite® (azithromycin ophthalmic solution) is a 1% sterile aqueous topical ophthalmic solution of azithromycin formulated in DuraSite® (polycarbophil, edetate disodium, sodium chloride). AzaSite is an off-white, viscous liquid with an osmolality of approximately 290 mOsm/kg.
Preservative: 0.003% benzalkonium chloride. Inactives: mannitol, citric acid, sodium citrate, poloxamer 407, polycarbophil, edetate disodium (EDTA), sodium chloride, water for injection, and sodium hydroxide to adjust pH to 6.3.
NDC 17478-307-03: 2.5 mL in 5 mL bottle containing a total of 25 mg of azithromycin in a white, round, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) bottle, with a clear LDPE dropper tip, and a tan colored high density polyethylene (HDPE) eyedropper cap. A white tamper evident over-cap is provided.
NDC 17478-307-04: 2.5 mL in 4 mL bottle containing a total of 25 mg of azithromycin in a white, round, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) bottle, with a clear LDPE dropper tip, and a tan colored high density polyethylene (HDPE) eyedropper cap. A white tamper evident over-cap is provided.
Efficacy:
In a randomized, vehicle-controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical study in which patients were dosed twice daily for the first two days, then once daily on days 3, 4, and 5, AzaSite solution was superior to vehicle on days 6-7 in patients who had a confirmed clinical diagnosis of bacterial conjunctivitis. Clinical resolution was achieved in 63% (82/130) of patients treated with AzaSite versus 50% (74/149) of patients treated with vehicle. The p-value for the comparison was 0.03 and the 95% confidence interval around the 13% (63%-50%) difference was 2% to 25%. The microbiological success rate for the eradication of the baseline pathogens was approximately 88% compared to 66% of patients treated with vehicle (p<0.001, confidence interval around the 22% difference was 13% to 31%). Microbiologic eradication does not always correlate with clinical outcome in anti-infective trials.
The following microorganisms are considered susceptible when evaluated using systemic break points. However, a correlation between the in vitro systemic breakpoint and ophthalmological efficacy has not been established. This list of microorganisms is provided as an aid only in assessing the potential treatment of conjunctival infections. Azithromycin exhibits in vitro minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of equal or less (systemic susceptible breakpoint) against most (≥90%) of isolates of the following ocular pathogens:
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Chlamydia trachomatis
Legionella pneumophila
Moraxella catarrhalis
Mycoplasma hominis
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Peptostreptococcus species
Streptococci (Groups C, F, G)
Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus agalactiae
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Viridans group streptococci
Moxeza® - moxifloxacin oph solution 0.5%
Moxeza® - moxifloxacin oph solution 0.5%
Indications:
MOXEZA® solution is indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms:
Aerococcus viridans*
Corynebacterium macginleyi*
Enterococcus faecalis*
Micrococcus luteus*
Staphylococcus arlettae*
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus capitis
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Staphylococcus hominis
Staphylococcus saprophyticus*
Staphylococcus warneri*
Streptococcus mitis*
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus parasanguinis*
Escherichia coli*
Haemophilus influenza
Klebsiella pneumoniae*
Propionibacterium acnes
Chlamydia trachomatis*
*Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections.
Dosing:
Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) 2 times daily for 7 days.
Precautions/Warnings:
Topical ophthalmic use only (5.1)
Hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis have been reported with systemic use of moxifloxacin (5.2)
Prolonged use may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, including fungi (5.3)
Patients should not wear contact lenses if they have signs or symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis. (5.4)
Supplied:
4 mL bottle filled with 3 mL of sterile ophthalmic solution of moxifloxacin 0.5%.
MOXEZA® solution is supplied as a sterile ophthalmic solution in the Alcon DROP-TAINER® dispensing system consisting of a natural low density polyethylene bottle and dispensing plug and tan polypropylene closure. Tamper evidence is provided with a shrink band around the closure and neck area of the package.
3 mL in a 4 mL bottle - NDC 0065-0006-03
Storage: Store at 2°C - 25°C (36°F - 77°F).
Moxifloxacin oph solution 0.5% - Vigamox®
Moxifloxacin oph solution 0.5% - Vigamox®
Indications:
VIGAMOX® is indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms:
Corynebacterium species*
Micrococcus luteus*
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Staphylococcus hominis
Staphylococcus warneri*
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus viridans group
Acinetobacter lwoffii*
Haemophilus influenza
Haemophilus parainfluenzae*
Chlamydia trachomatis
*Efficacy for this organism was studied in fewer than 10 infections.
Dosing:
Instill one drop in the affected eye 3 times a day for 7 days. VIGAMOX is for topical ophthalmic use.
Precautions/Warnings:
5.1 HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS
In patients receiving systemically administered quinolones, including moxifloxacin, serious and occasionally fatal hypersensitivity (anaphylactic) reactions have been reported, some following the first dose. Some reactions were accompanied by cardiovascular collapse, loss of consciousness, angioedema (including laryngeal, pharyngeal or facial edema), airway obstruction, dyspnea, urticaria, and itching. If an allergic reaction to moxifloxacin occurs, discontinue use of the drug. Serious acute hypersensitivity reactions may require immediate emergency treatment. Oxygen and airway management should be administered as clinically indicated.
5.2 GROWTH OF RESISTANT ORGANISMS WITH PROLONGED USE
As with other anti-infectives, prolonged use may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms, including fungi. If superinfection occurs, discontinue use and institute alternative therapy. Whenever clinical judgment dictates, the patient should be examined with the aid of magnification, such as slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and, where appropriate, fluorescein staining.
5.3 AVOIDANCE OF CONTACT LENS WEAR
Patients should be advised not to wear contact lenses if they have signs or symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis.
Supplied:
Ophthalmic solution containing moxifloxacin 0.5%.
VIGAMOX® is supplied as a sterile ophthalmic solution in a dispensing system consisting of a natural low density polyethylene bottle and dispensing plug and tan polypropylene closure. Tamper evidence is provided with a shrink band around the closure and neck area of the package.
3 mL in a 4 mL bottle NDC 0065-4013-03
Storage: Store at 2°C to 25°C (36°F to 77°F).
Efficacy:
In two randomized, double-masked, multicenter, controlled clinical trials in which patients were dosed 3 times a day for 4 days, VIGAMOX® produced clinical cures on Day 5-6 in 66% to 69% of patients treated for bacterial conjunctivitis. Microbiological success rates for the eradication of baseline pathogens ranged from 84% to 94%.
In a randomized, double-masked, multicenter, parallel-group clinical trial of pediatric patients with bacterial conjunctivitis between birth and 31 days of age, patients were dosed with VIGAMOX or another anti-infective agent. Clinical outcomes for the trial demonstrated a clinical cure rate of 80% at Day 9 and a microbiological eradication success rate of 92% at Day 9.
Please note that microbiologic eradication does not always correlate with clinical outcome in anti-infective trials
