|
HIV
Medications (Adult dosing)
Review by D.McAuley
©GlobalRPh
NEW MONOGRAPHS
|
|
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors |
Abacavir
(Ziagen)®
Approved: 1998
 |
Usual dose: 300 mg
orally twice daily with or without food. Supplied:
300mg tablet; Oral solution: 20 mg/ml. |
Combivir
®
Approved: 1997
 |
Usual
dose: 1 tablet orally twice daily
Supplied: coated tablet (zidovudine
300mg + lamivudine 150mg). Renal failure: Use each agent
independently and adjust accordingly. |
| Didanosine
(Videx) ® Approved: 1991
|
Usual
dose: (Medication must be given on an empty stomach. In order to
provide adequate buffering, patients must take at least 2 of the
appropriate strength tablets at each dose when using either the once
daily or twice daily regimens. Patient weight <60 kg:
(Tablets): 125 mg orally twice daily or 250mg once daily or 167 mg
(Buffered powder) twice daily. Patient weight > 60kg:
(Tablets): 200mg orally twice daily or 400mg orally once daily.
(Buffered Powder): 250mg orally twice daily. Supplied:
chewable tablet: (25, 50, 100, 150, and 200mg); Oral powder for
solution (100, 167, and 200mg packets). Renal Dosing:
|
Patients > 60 kg |
| |
Tablets |
Powder |
| 30-59 |
100 bid or 200mg qd |
100 mg bid |
| 10-29 |
150mg qd |
167mg qd |
| <10 |
100mg qd |
100mg qd |
|
Patients < 60kg |
| |
Tablets |
Powder |
| 30-59 |
75mg bid or 150mg qd |
100mg bid |
| 10-29 |
100 mg qd |
100 mg qd |
| <10 |
75 mg qd |
100mg qd |
|
Lamivudine
(Epivir ® ; 3TC) Approved: 1995
 |
Usual
dose: 150 mg orally twice daily. Supplied:
[150mg tablet; 10 mg/ml oral solution]. Lamivudine should not
be co-administered with zalcitabine. Renal dosing: crcl >50/
no change; 30-49/ 150mg once daily; 15-29/ 150mg x1,
then 100mg once daily; 5-14/ 150mg x 1, then 50 mg once
daily; <5/ 50mg x1, then 25mg once daily. |
Stavudine
(Zerit ® ; d4T) Approved: 1994
|
Dosing:
Patient weight >60 kg: 40mg orally twice daily . Patient
weight < 60kg: 30mg orally twice daily. Dosages may be decreased
by 50% if peripheral neuropathy occurs. May be taken without
regard to meals. Must decrease dose in renal
dysfunction. Stavudine and Zidovudine should not be
co-administered. Supplied:
[15, 20, 30, 40mg capsules; 1 mg/ml oral powder for solution]
Renal dosing:
| CRCL (ml/min) |
WT > 60kg |
WT <60kg |
| > 50 |
40mg q12h |
30mg q12h |
| 26-50 |
20mg q12h |
15mg q12h |
| 10-25 |
20mg q24h |
15mg q24 |
|
Trizivir
®
Approved: 2000
|
Usual dose: 1
tablet orally twice daily. Supplied:
Combination tablet: (Zidovudine 300mg
+ Lamivudine 150mg + abacavir 300mg) |
Zalcitabine
(Hivid ® ; ddC) Approved: 1992
 |
Usual
dose: 0.75 mg orally three times daily. Lamivudine should not
be co-administered with zalcitabine. Renal dosing:
>40/ no change; 10-40/ 0.75 mg twice daily;
<10/ 0.75 mg once daily. Supplied:
[0.375mg , 0.75mg tablet] |
Zidovudine
(Retrovir ®, AZT)
Approved: 1987
 |
Usual
dose: 300mg orally twice daily or 200mg orally three times daily or
100mg every 4 hours 5 times daily. Stavudine and Zidovudine
should not be co-administered. Supplied:
100mg capsule; 300mg tablet; 50mg/5ml oral solution. Dosing
in renal failure (<10 ml/min): 100mg every 6 to 8 hours. |
|
Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase
Inhibitors
|
Delavirdine
(Rescriptor)®
Approved: 1997
 |
Usual
dose: 400mg orally three times daily. Supplied:
100, 200mg tablets. |
Efavirenz
(Sustiva)®
Approved: 1998
 |
Usual
dose: 600mg orally once daily. Supplied:
50, 100, and 200mg capsules. |
Nevirapine
(Viramune)®
Approved: 1996
|
Usual
dose: Initially, 200mg orally once daily for 14 days, then
increase to 200mg orally twice daily (may reduce risk of rash). Supplied:
[200mg tablet; 50mg/5 ml oral suspension] |
|
Protease Inhibitors |
Amprenavir
(Agenerase)®
Approved: 1999
 |
Usual
dose: 1200mg orally twice daily. Supplied:
50, 150 mg capsules; 15mg/ml oral solution. |
Indinavir
(Crixivan)®
Approved: 1996
|
Usual
dose: 800mg orally every 8 hours or 1200mg orally twice
daily (must be taken on an empty stomach). If
administered with Rifabutin: give 1000mg orally every 8
hours. Supplied: [200,
333, and 400mg capsules] |
Kaletra
®
Approved: 2000
|
Usual
dose: 3 capsules orally twice daily or 5 ml oral solution twice
daily (take with food). Supplied:
Capsule: Lopinavir 133mg + Ritonavir 33mg // and
400mg lopinavir/100mg ritonavir per 5 ml solution. |
Nelfinavir
(Viracept)®
Approved: 1997
 |
Usual
dose: 750 mg orally three times daily with food or 1250 mg
orally twice daily with food. Supplied:
[250mg tablet] |
Ritonavir
(Norvir)®
Approved: 1996
|
Usual
dose: To reduce the risk of nausea give 300mg orally twice a day for 1
day, then give 400mg orally twice a day for 2 days, then 500mg orally
twice a day for 1 day, then finally 600mg twice daily thereafter.
(Take with food). Supplied: [100mg capsule; 80mg/ml -240ml
oral solution] |
Saquinavir
(Invirase ® ;
Approved: 1995
Fortovase ®)
Approved: 1997
|
Dosing
(Invirase): 600mg orally three times daily with food. Fortovase
(soft gel capsule) 1200mg orally three times daily with food. Supplied:
[200mg capsule] |