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Atopic Dermatitis
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Intro
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Incidence and Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis [More than 15 million people in the U.S. have symptoms of atopic dermatitis.] Atopic dermatitis is very common. It affects males and females and accounts for 10 to 20 percent of all visits to dermatologists (doctors who specialize in the care and treatment of skin diseases). Although atopic dermatitis may occur at any age, it most often begins in infancy and childhood. Scientists estimate that 65 percent of patients develop symptoms in the first year of life, and 90 percent develop symptoms before the age of 5. Onset after age 30 is less common and is often due to exposure of the skin to harsh or wet conditions. Atopic dermatitis is a common cause of workplace disability. People who live in cities and in dry climates appear more likely to develop this condition. Although it is difficult to identify exactly how many people are affected by atopic dermatitis, an estimated 20 percent of infants and young children experience symptoms of the disease. Source / Read more: http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Atopic_Dermatitis/default.asp Other agents to be added during next update..... |
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pimecrolimus (Elidel ®):
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Mechanism of Action Penetrates inflamed epidermis to inhibit T cell activation by blocking transcription of proinflammatory cytokine genes such as interleukin-2, interferon gamma (Th1-type), interleukin-4, and interleukin-10 (Th2-type). Blocks catalytic function of calcineurin. Prevents release of inflammatory cytokines and mediators from mast cells in vitro after stimulation by antigen/IgE. INDICATIONS: ELIDEL® (pimecrolimus) Cream 1% is indicated as second-line therapy for the short- term and non-continuous chronic treatment of mild to moderate atopic dermatitis in non- immunocompromised adults and children 2 years of age and older, who have failed to respond adequately to other topical prescription treatments, or when those treatments are not advisable. ELIDEL Cream is not indicated for use in children less than 2 years of age DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The patient or care giver should apply a thin layer of ELIDEL® (pimecrolimus) Cream 1% to the affected skin twice daily. The patient or caregiver should stop using when signs and symptoms (e.g., itch, rash and redness) resolve and should be instructed on what actions to take if symptoms recur. If signs and symptoms persist beyond 6 weeks, patients should be re-examined by their health care provider to confirm the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. Continuous long-term use of ELIDEL Cream should be avoided, and application should be limited to areas of involvement with atopic dermatitis. The safety of ELIDEL Cream under occlusion, which may promote systemic exposure, has not been evaluated. ELIDEL Cream should not be used with occlusive dressings. Administration Do not use with occlusive dressings. Burning at the application site is most common in first few days; improves as atopic dermatitis improves. Continue as long as signs and symptoms persist; discontinue if resolution occurs; re-evaluate if symptoms persist >6 weeks. SUPPLIED: Cream, topical: 1% (30 g, 60 g, 100 g) |
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tacrolimus (Protopic ®):
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Mechanism
of Action: Suppresses cellular immunity (inhibits T-lymphocyte
activation), possibly by binding to an intracellular protein, FKBP-12 INDICATIONS: PROTOPIC Ointment, both 0.03% and 0.1% for adults, and only 0.03% for children aged 2 to 15 years, is indicated as second-line therapyfor the short-term and non-continuous chronic treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in non-immunocompromised adults and children who have failed to respond adequately to other topical prescription treatments for atopic dermatitis, or when those treatments are not advisable. PROTOPIC Ointment is not indicated for children younger than 2 years of age DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Adult PROTOPIC Ointment 0.03% and 0.1% Apply a thin layer of PROTOPIC (tacrolimus) Ointment to the affected skin twice daily. The minimum amount should be rubbed in gently and completely to control signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis. Stop using when signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis resolve. If signs and symptoms (e.g. itch, rash, and redness) do not improve within 6 weeks, patients should be re-examined by their healthcare provider to confirm the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. Continuous long-term use of topical calcineurin inhibitors, including PROTOPIC Ointment should be avoided, and application should be limited to areas of involvement with atopic dermatitis. The safety of PROTOPIC Ointment under occlusion, which may promote systemic exposure, has not been evaluated. PROTOPIC Ointment should not be used with occlusive dressings. PEDIATRIC - FOR CHILDREN 2-15 YEARS PROTOPIC Ointment 0.03% Apply a thin layer of PROTOPIC (tacrolimus) Ointment, 0.03% to the affected skin twice daily. The minimum amount should be rubbed in gently and completely to control signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis. Stop using when signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis resolve. If signs and symptoms (e.g. itch, rash, and redness) do not improve within 6 weeks, patients should be re-examined by their healthcare provider to confirm the diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. Continuous long-term use of topical calcineurin inhibitors, including PROTOPIC Ointment should be avoided, and application should be limited to areas of involvement with atopic dermatitis. The safety of PROTOPIC Ointment under occlusion, which may promote systemic exposure, has not been evaluated. PROTOPIC Ointment should not be used with occlusive dressings. Supplied: Ointment (0.03% and 0.1% for adults, and only 0.03% for children aged 2 to 15 years). |
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